@article{article_554860, title={Does Exogenously Applied Gallic Acid Regulate the Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidants in Wheat Roots Exposed to Cadmium Stress?}, journal={Celal Bayar University Journal of Science}, volume={15}, pages={279–285}, year={2019}, DOI={10.18466/cbayarfbe.554860}, author={Ozfidan Konakci, Ceyda}, keywords={Antioxidant enzymes,Asada-Halliwell pathway,Cadmium,Gallic acid,Lipid peroxidation}, abstract={<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom:6pt;text-align:justify;"> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">The aim of the
current study was to determine whether gallic acid (GLA) triggers the growth,
osmoregulation and antioxidant system related to defense mechanisms in wheat
roots to cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative stress. For this purpose, wheat plants were
hydroponically grown for 21 (d) and were treated with GLA (GLA1-2; 25 and 75 </span> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">m </span> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">M), Cd stress (Cd1-2; 100 and 200 </span> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">m </span> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">M) and their combination for 7 d. The significant
reduction in growth (RGR) and osmotic potential ( </span> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">Y </span> <sub> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">P </span> </sub> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">) was observed under stress. After GLA applications in
response to stress, RGR, </span> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">Y </span> <sub> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">P </span> </sub> <sub> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> </span> </sub> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">and
proline (Pro) increased, except for 200 </span> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">m </span> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">M Cd
plus 75 </span> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">m </span> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">M GLA. Under stress, hydrogen peroxide (H <sub>2 </sub>O <sub>2 </sub>)
was induced by the activated superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity but, NADPH oxidase
(NOX) had no contribution on the accumulation of H <sub>2 </sub>O <sub>2 </sub>. Despite
of the increased catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR), H <sub>2 </sub>O <sub>2 </sub>
did not eliminate and then lipid peroxidation (TBARS content) was induced with the
decreased scavenging capacity of hydroxyl radical (OH </span> <sup> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">· </span> </sup> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">) under stress. Besides, to remove of H <sub>2 </sub>O <sub>2 </sub>
content produced by SOD, H <sub>2 </sub>O <sub>2 </sub> could effectively scavenge
through CAT activity in combination form of GLA and Cd. On the other hand, GLA
did not induce the enzymes and non-enzymes related to Asada-Halliwell cycle
(ascorbate peroxidase (APX), GR, dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR),
monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), reduced and oxidized contents of
glutathione (GSH and GSSG contents). Under high Cd concentration, GLA2 could
not eliminate H <sub>2 </sub>O <sub>2 </sub> content because of increased NOX
activity and then in this group (Cd2+GLA2) the scavenging capacity of OH </span> <sup> <span lang="en-us" style="font-family:Symbol;" xml:lang="en-us">· </span> </sup> <span lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> did not change and TBARS content increased.  </span> </p> <p> </p>}, number={3}, publisher={Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi}