@article{article_568549, title={SOVIET CEMENT EXPORT TO TURKEY IN THE EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD}, journal={Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları (HÜTAD)}, pages={39–58}, year={2020}, DOI={10.20427/turkiyat.568549}, author={Bilgiç, Erdal}, keywords={Sovyetler Birliği,Arcos,Russoturk,Sovyet Ticaret Temsilciliği,Türkiye}, abstract={<p>Abstract: This article displays the structure of the Soviet Union’s cement sales to Turkey in the early Turkish Republican era. Import of cement, which had been one of the commodities in the foreign trade between the Ottoman and Russian Empires, descended to Turkey and the Soviet Union. During the imperial period foreign trade was conducted on the basis of free trade, however, as the Soviet Union monopolized foreign trade in the following period and she established various institutions within Turkey, it continued to be carried out through new state trade institutions. Arcos, Russoturk and the Transcaucasia Trade Organization were the most important ones among the institutions that imported cement to Turkey. The majority of the Soviet cement was sold through Arcos, while Egypt, Syria, Palestine and Greece were provisioned through Istanbul. Although, it seems like a market where big profits were made, the Soviet Union faced great difficulties in exporting cement to Turkey and suffered a loss. Turkey implied high tariff rates on cement import, in the second half of the 1920s, in order to protect its cement production. Moreover, cement import was only permitted by the Council of Ministers. In this regard, not only the organizational deficiencies of the institutions of the Soviet Union, but also the precautions that the Turkish governments influenced the cement trade between the two countries. <br />Keywords: Soviet Union, Arcos, Russoturk, Soviet Trade Agency, Turkey. <br /> </p>}, number={32}, publisher={Hacettepe Üniversitesi}