@article{article_593006, title={Remolding Turkey-EU Relations: The ‘Swiss Model’ of Differentiated Integration as an Alternative to the Customs Union?}, journal={Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi}, volume={76}, pages={493–521}, year={2021}, DOI={10.33630/ausbf.593006}, author={Altay, Serdar}, keywords={Avrupa entegrasyonu, Türk-AB ilişkileri, gümrük birliği, farklılaştırılmış entegrasyon, İsviçre modeli}, abstract={<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;"> <span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;font-family:’Times New Roman’, serif;">Alternative
models of differentiated integration with the European Union (EU) discussed in
the context of Brexit might be inspiring for European and Turkish stakeholders
who are concerned with overcoming the deepest crisis in bilateral relations of
recent history. </span> <span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;font-family:’Times New Roman’, serif;">T </span> <span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;font-family:’Times New Roman’, serif;">he forthcoming customs union modernization negotiations are likely to
create an opportunity to </span> <span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;font-family:’Times New Roman’, serif;">bring Turkey-EU
relations to a stronger mode of external differentiated integration as in cases
of Norway or Switzerland and fix problems aroused by the current structure of
the </span> <span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;font-family:’Times New Roman’, serif;">customs union </span> <span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;font-family:’Times New Roman’, serif;">. T </span> <span style="font-size:10pt;line-height:107%;font-family:’Times New Roman’, serif;">his paper examines Switzerland’s case as an alternative model of
integration between Turkey and the EU which can be considered during the
upgrade process. The paper compares and contrasts the Swiss model with the
existing customs union and the European Commission’s (EC) two upgrade scenarios
for the customs union which were proposed in December 2016. It lays out
potential advantages and disadvantages of a Swiss model for Turkish-EU
relations in the coming future and argues that Switzerland’s “free trade
agreement plus” model provides a better alternative than the current form of the
customs union and the EC’s scenarios.  </span> </p> <p> </p>}, number={2}, publisher={Ankara Üniversitesi}