TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Teacher Candidates’ Motivation on Social Entrepreneurship: A Qualitative Study TT - Öğretmen Adaylarının Motivasyonlarının Sosyal Girişimciliğe Etkisi: Nitel Çözümleme AU - Erden, Hale PY - 2019 DA - September DO - 10.22559/folklor.964 JF - Folklor/Edebiyat JO - folk/ed PB - Uluslararası Kıbrıs Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 1300-7491 SP - 499 EP - 514 VL - 25 IS - 97 LA - en AB - The aim of the current research is to determine the motivation of teacher candidates, throughpositive and negative metaphors, which influences the social entrepreneurship. Qualitativeresearch paradigm under interpretive phenomenological methodology was used in the currentstudy. Participants of the study were two groups of students (the Group 1 as the-initial-data -participants and the Group 2 as the-later-data-participants) from the fourth year of educationfaculties of universities in North Cyprus. Focus group interviews were completed with 60students in Group 1. In Group 2, in-dept interviewers were conducted with 60 students. Thekey stakeholders in the study were asked to identify positive and negative metaphors affectingteacher candidates’ motivation on social entrepreneurship and state their justification in fullsentences. An interpretive approach for data collection was used and data were analyzed usingthe content analysis method. Metaphors defining the teacher candidates’ motivation on positivesocial entrepreneurship were identified as shark, entrepreneurial spirit, fire of love and skilful.Metaphors defining the teacher candidates’ motivation on negative metaphors were identifiedas ordinary and intense. As a result of the research, a model on influencing the teachercandidates’ motivation on social entrepreneurship was proposed. KW - motivation KW - social entrepreneurship KW - social entrepreneurship model KW - teacher candidates KW - qualitative study N2 - Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmen adaylarının olumlu ve olumsuz metafor kullanarakmotivasyonlarınının sosyal girişimciliğe etkisini belirlemektir. Bu araştırmada, yorumlayıcıfenomenolojik metodoloji altında nitel araştırma paradigması kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanınkatılımcıları Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta bulunan üniversitelerin eğitim fakültesi dördüncü sınıfındaöğrenim gören öğrencilerden belirlenen iki grup ile yapılmıştır. Gruplar, ilk veri katılımcıları(Grup 1) ve sonraki veri katılımcıları (Grup 2) şeklinde adlandırılmışlardır. Grup 1’de 60öğrenci ile odak grup görüşmeleri yapılmıştır. Grup 2'de ise 60 öğrenci ile derinlemesinegörüşmeler yapılmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan paydaşlardan, sosyal girişimciliği ve öğretmenadaylarının motivasyonunu etkileyen olumlu ve olumsuz metaforları tanımlamaları vegerekçelerini tam cümle halinde yazılı olarak belirtmeleri istenmiştir. Veri toplama içinyorumlayıcı yaklaşım kullanılmış ve veriler içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak analizedilmiştir. Öğretmen adaylarının olumlu sosyal girişimcilik motivasyonlarını tanımlayanmetaforlar köpekbalığı, girişimci ruhu, sevgi ateşi ve becerikli olarak tanımlamıştır. Öğretmenadaylarının olumsuz sosyal girişimcilik motivasyonlarını tanımlayan metaforlar ise, öğretmenadaylarının motivasyonunu sıradan ve yoğun olarak tanımlamıştır. Araştırma sonucundaöğretmen adaylarının motivasyonlarının sosyal girişimciliğe etkisine ilişkin model önerisiyapılmıştır. CR - Armstrong, P. & Tomes, A. (2000). Entrepreneurship in science: Case studies from liquid crystal application. Prometheus: Critical Studies in Innovation, 18(2), 133-147. https://doi.org/10.1080/713692057 CR - Beca, J. (2007). The need for improvement in innovativeness development and entrepreneurship training in high school and university science education. T-Space at the University of Toronto Libraries, University of Toronto Mississauga. Retrieved from https://www.j-humansciences.com/ojs/index.php/IJHS/article/view/3240 CR - Bygrave, W.D. & Hofer, C.W. (1991). Theorising about entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 16(2), 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1177/104225879201600203 CR - Cal, A. & Tehmarn, A. (2016). Phenomenological epistemology approaches and implications for HRD research and practice. National Institute of Development Administration, Bangkok, Thailand. Retrieved from https://www.ufhrd.co.uk/wordpress/wpcontent/uploads/2016/10/paper_128.pdf CR - Clark, C.M. & Harrison, C. (2018). Entrepreneurship: An assimilated multi-perspective review. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Latest articles. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2018.1446665 CR - Denzin, N.K. & Lincoln, Y. (Eds.). (2000). Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. CR - Donckels, R. (1991). Education and entrepreneurship experiences from secondary and university education in Belgium. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 9(1), 35-42. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.1991.10600389 CR - European Commission, (2012). Effects and impact of entrepreneurship programmes in higher education. Entrepreneurship Unit. Directorate-General for Enterprise and Industry B1049 Brussels, March 2012. CR - European Commission, (June, 2013). Entrepreneurship education: A guide for educators. Entrepreneurship and Social Economy Unit. European Union, 2013, Bruxelles. CR - Farny, S., Frederiksen, S.H., Hannibal, M. & Jones, S. (2016). A Culture of entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 28(7-8), 514-535. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2016.1221228 CR - Hannula, H., Ruskovaara, E., Seikkula-Leino, J. & Tiikkala, A. (2012). Evaluating Finnish teacher educators as entrepreneurship educators, 8th International Conference on Evaluation for Practice, Improvement by Evaluation, A Conference for Experts of Education, Human Services and Policy 18– 20 June 2012, University of Tampere, Pori, Finland. CR - Hays, B.A. & Sidlow, F. (2010). Student interest in studying and engaging in public relations entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 23(1), 709-718. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2010.10593511 CR - Hyrsky, K. (1999). Entrepreneurial metaphors and concepts: An exploratory study. International Small Business Journal, 18(1), 13-34. Retrieved from isb.sagepub.com CR - Johannisson, B. (1991). University training for entrepreneurship: Swedish approaches. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 3(1), 67-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985629100000005 CR - Janssen, F. & Bacq, S. (2010). Cultural and outcomes-related issues in implementing an interdisciplinary cross-campus entrepreneurship education program. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 23(1), 733-746. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2010.10593513 CR - Johannisson, B. (2016). Limits to and prospects of entrepreneurship education in the academic context. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 28(5-6), 403-423. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2016.1177982 CR - Johansen, V. & Schanke, T. (2013). Entrepreneurship education in secondary education and training. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 57(4), 357-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2012.656280 CR - Kautonen, T., Gelderen, M.V., & Tornikoski, E.T. (2013). Prediction entrepreneurial behaviour: A test of the theory of planned behaviour. Applied Economics, 45(6), 697- 707. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2011.610750 CR - Krueger, N.F. & Carsrud, A.L. (1993). Entrepreneurial intentions: Applying the theory of planned behaviour. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 5(4), 315-330. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985629300000020 CR - Kružić, D. & Pavić, I. (2010). Students’ entrepreneurial characteristics: Empirical evidence from Croatia. The Business Review, Cambridge, 14(2), 216-221. CR - Komulainen, K., Korhonen, M. & Raty, H. (2009). Risk-taking abilities for everyone? Finnish entrepreneurship education and the enterprising selves imagined by pupils. Gender and Education, 21(6), 631-649. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540250802680032 CR - Korhonen, M., Komulainen, K. & Raty, H. (2012). ‘Not everyone is cut out to be the entrepreneur type’; How Finnish school teachers construct the meaning of entrepreneurship education and the related abilities of the pupils. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 56(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2011.567393 CR - Korsgaard, S., Ferguson, R. & Gaddefors, J. (2015). The best of both worlds: How rural entrepreneurs use placial embeddedness and strategic networks to create opportunities. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 27(9-10), 574- 598. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1085100 CR - Kyrö, P. (2015). The conceptual contribution of education to research on entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 27(9-10), 599-618. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1085726 CR - Lamine, W., Jack, S., Fayolle, A. & Chabaud, D. (2015). One step beyond? Towards a process view of social networks in entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 27(7-8), 413-429. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1070535 CR - Lefebvre, V., Lefebvre, M.R. & Simon, E. (2015). Formal entrepreneurial networks as communities of practice: A longitudinal case study. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 27(7-8), 500-525. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1070539 CR - Lindh, I. & S. Thorgren . (2016). Entrepreneurship education: The role of local business. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 28(5–6), 313–336. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1134678 CR - McClelland, D.C. (1961). The achieving society. Princeton, New Jersey: Van Nostrand. Retrieved from https://www.questia.com/library/1438901/the-achieving-society CR - Pittaway, L.A., Gazzard, J., Shore, A. & Williamson, T. (2015). Student clubs: Experiences in entrepreneurial learning. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 27(3-4), 127-153. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1014865 CR - Pittaway, L. & Thorpe, R. (2012). A framework for entrepreneurial learning: A tribute to Jason Cope. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. An International Journal. Special Issues on Entrepreneurship Education and Context and Government Policies to Support Entrepreneurship, 24(9-10), 837-859. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2012.694268 CR - Rasmussen, E., Mosey, S. & Wright, M. (2015). The transformation of network ties to develop entrepreneurial competencies for university spin-offs. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal. One Step Beyond? Towards a Process View of Social Networks in Entrepreneurship, 27(7-8), 430-457. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2015.1070536 CR - Ray, D., M. (1993). Understanding the entrepreneur: Entrepreneurial attributes, experience and skils. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development: An International Journal, 5(4), 345-358. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985629300000022 CR - Sirelkhatim, F., Gangi, Y. & Nisar, T. (2015). Entrepreneurship education: A systematic literature review of curricula contents and teaching methods. Cogent Business and Management, 2(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2015.1052034 CR - Shinnar, R., Pruett, M. & Toney, B. (2009). Entrepreneurship education: Attitudes across campus. Journal of Education for Business, 84(3), 151-159. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEB.84.3.151-159 CR - Somby, H.M. & Johansen, V. (2017). Entrepreneurship education: motivation and effort for pupils with special needs in Norwegian compulsory school. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 32(2), 238-251, https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2016.1223398 CR - Srivastva, S. & Barrett, F.J.(1998). The transforming nature of metaphors in group development: A study in group theory. Human Relations, 41, 31-64. Retrieved from https://calhoun.nps.edu/bitstream/handle/10945/55665/Barrett_Transforming_1988.pdf? sequence=1 CR - Stuetzer, M., Audretsch, D.B., Obschonka, M., Gosling, S.D., Rentfrow, P.J. & Potter, J. (2018). Entrepreneurship culture, knowledge spillovers and the growth of regions. Regional Studies: Innovation and Geographical Spillovers, 52(5), 608-618. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2017.1294251 CR - Walter, S.G. & Dohse, D.(2012). Why mode and regional context matter for entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development. Special Issue on: Entrepreneurship Education and Context and Government Policies to Support Entrepreneurship, 24(9-10), 807-835. https://doi.org/10.1080/08985626.2012.721009 UR - https://doi.org/10.22559/folklor.964 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/807487 ER -