TY  - JOUR
T1  - GİDEON TOURY’NİN BETİMLEYİCİ ÇEVİRİ ARAŞTIRMALARI YÖNTEMİ IŞIĞINDA FURUĞ FERRUHZAD’IN “BAHÇENİN FETHİ” ADLI ŞİİRİNİN TÜRKÇE ÇEVİRİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
TT  - Investigation of Turkish Translations of Forough Farrokhzad, “Conquest of the Garden” In The Light of Methodology Descriptive Translation Studies of Gideon Toury
AU  - Eren Soysal, Esin
PY  - 2019
DA  - December
Y2  - 2019
DO  - 10.32330/nusha.621953
JF  - Nüsha
JO  - Yer Aldığı İndeksler ve Veritabanları
PB  - Oku Anonim Şirketi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1303-0752
SP  - 17
EP  - 44
VL  - 19
IS  - 49
LA  - tr
AB  - Diller arası etkileşim tarih boyu süregelmiştir. Önce sözlü daha sonra yazılı hale gelen bu etkileşim çeviri yoluylasürdürülmüştür. Çeviri hayatın her alanında etkin durumdadır. Bu sayede çeviriile ister bilimsel ve teknik alanda olsun ister edebiyat ve sanat alanındaolsun dünya hakkında birçok bilgi edinilmektedir. Edinilen bu bilgilerin hedefokuyucu tarafından da doğru algılanması için kuramsal anlamda bir çeviristratejisinin uygulanmasının gerekliliği düşünülmektedir.Bu doğrultuda modern İran edebiyatınınönde gelen kadın şairi olan Furûğ Ferruhzâd’ın Bir Başka Doğuş adlı şiirkitabında yer alan “Bahçenin Fethi” adlı şiiri incelemenin malzemesi olarakkullanılmıştır. Furûğ Ferruhzâd’ın olgunluk döneminin ürünü olan “BahçeninFethi” şiiri, çeviriye daha bilimsel bakabilmek adına Gideon Toury tarafındangeliştirilen “Betimleyici Çeviri Araştırmaları” yöntemi doğrultusunda kuramsalbir çerçeve içerisinde ele alınmıştır. İncelemede Ali Güzelyüz, Makbule Aras veOnat-Kutlar-Celal Hüsrevşahi adlı üç çevirmenin çevirileri değerlendirme konusuolmuştur. Çeviriler “kabul edilebilirlik” ve “yeterlilik” açısındanincelenmiştir. Bu yöntem doğrultusunda eğer metin hedef metin normlarına göreçevrilmişse ve okuyucuda çeviri metin algısı yaratmıyorsa “kabul edilebilir”bir çeviri, kaynak metin normlarına göre çevrilmişse ve metin hedef okuyucudayabancılaştırma algısı yaratıyorsa “yeterli” bir çeviri olarakdeğerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca çevirmenlerin yaptıkları değişiklikler saptanarak,bu değişiklikler kaynak ve hedef metne göre incelenmiştir. Her iki yöntemesnasında çevirmen ne tür stratejiler uygulamış ise belirtilmeye çalışılmıştır.
KW  - Betimleyici Çeviri Araştırmaları
KW  - Gideon Toury
KW  - Modern İran Edebiyatı
KW  - Furuğ Ferruhzâd
N2  - AbstractInteraction between languages​​has been around for a while. This interaction, which first became verbal andthen written, was continued through translation. Translation is active in allareas of life. In this way, a lot of information about the world is obtainedthrough translation, whether in the scientific and technical field or in thefield of literature and art. It is considered necessary to apply a theoreticaltranslation strategy in order to perceive this information correctly by thetarget reader. In this respect, ForoughFarrokhzad, the leading woman poet of modern Iranian literature, used thematerial of the poem “The Conquest of the Garden in his poetry book” AnotherBirth. Forough Farrokhzad’s product of the maturity period “The Conquest ofthe Garden” is discussed in a theoretical framework with DescriptiveTranslation Studies developed by Gideon Toury in order to look at thetranslation more scientifically.The translations of threetranslators Ali Güzelyüz, Makbule Aras and Onat Kutlar- Jalal Khosrowshahi were examined interms of “acceptability” and “adequacy”. In line with this method, it evalutedif the text is translated according to the target text norms, as “an acceptabletranslation” or if the text is translated according to source text the norms,as “an adequate translation”. Furthermore, the changes made by the translatorswere determined and examined according to the source and target text. Duringboth methods, it was tried to specify what strategies the translator applied.Structured AbstractForough Farrokhzad, one of the famous women poets inthe history of contemporary Iranian literature, was born on January 5, 1935. Suddenly,she got married when she was 16. In 1952, she published her first poetrycollection, Esir. Over time, a number of disputes began between Foroughand his husband, and theynever ended. She had a son named Kâmyâr, but the birth of her son did not endthese disputes, but rather increased them. As a result of these disputes, themarriage of Forough andShapour ended in 1955. She could not see her son until after her divorce withher husband because of the rules set by the law. In 1956 she went to Rome.After coming back to Iran, she devoted herself fully to her art. In 1957, shepublished her second poetry book, Duvar. In 1959, Forough published her thirdpoetry collection, İsyan. In 1958, she engaged in film production as well aspoetry, and began working for the company “Golestan Film”, directed by EbrahimGolestan. In 1962, Forough decided to make a film about lepers and went to Tabrizfor film preparation. The film is called “House is black [Hâne Siyâhest]”. Thescript used in this film consists of the texts of the Qur'an and the Torah.Tabriz Bâbâdâghi Sanatorium lepers played in the film. In 1964, she publishedher fourth poetry collection, Another Birth. With this book she created her ownlanguage and was reborn in every sense. Forough poetry book of Let us believein the Beginning of the Cold Season was published after the death of her.Fearing early death and unfinished business, Forough died on 13 February 1967in a 32-year-old car accident.In this study, Forough's poem "conquest ofthe garden" was evaluated. These evaluations were discussed withdescriptive translation studies developed by Gideon Toury based on the theory ofpolysystem proposed by Itamar Even-Zohar in 1970s. Toury considers thattranslation should be focused on target, and when evaluating a translation, heargues that translation should be evaluated according to the language / culture/ literature to be read / discussed rather than the source text and author.According to Toury, translations first of all have a place in the targetculture system. This position determines the translation strategies used. Thus,he proposes a three-stage method by starting his approach from theory of“polysystem” and considers that this method should be applied as follows:1- To determine the position of the translatedtext in the target culture system and to review the acceptability and adequacyof the translated text2- To compare the source and target texts,describe the relationships between binary text units to be selected from bothtexts, and attempt to generalize the underlying concept of translation.3- To reach conclusions that can be used in thedecisions taken in translation in the future, Reconstruct the translationprocess for source and target textToury sees translation as an activity managedby norms; these norms determine the equivalence of translation. Toury statesthat these norms that guide translation should be examined in two ways:1- Conductinga textual translation analysis, which includes examining the shifts of wordsdetected during the comparison of source and target texts.2- Review of other texts such as criticism of the translation texts, foreword, afterwordor interviews with translatorsToury examines the norms that determine eachstage of translation in two main groups in descriptive translation studies. Hecalls these norms: “Initial norms” and “operational norms”. Initial norm: It isthe norm that provides information on whether the translator has made thetranslation directly from the source text or has used an intermediate languageduring the translation. Operational norm: The norm that shows what kind ofdecisions the translator makes during the translation actIn this context, the three translations wereexamined in terms of “acceptability” and “adequacy” according to Gideon Toury’s“Descriptive Translation Studies”. The poem of the Conquest of the Garden” wasevaluated on the Turkish translations of Onat Kutlar-Jalal Khosrowshahi,Makbule Aras and Ali Güzelyüz. In the context of these evaluations, it isobserved that poetry's style, alliteration, certain rhyme and repetitions inpoetry are transferred to the target text, since poems are written in freestyle in terms of form. It has been found that translators make a number ofadditions and subtractions to fully transfer the source text message to thetarget text and leave the same effect on the target reader.
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.32330/nusha.621953
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/900358
ER  -