@article{article_641266, title={The ’Other’ Lausanne Treaty of Lausanne: The American Public and Offical Debate on Turkish-American Relations}, journal={The Turkish Yearbook of International Relations}, pages={31–63}, year={1993}, DOI={10.1501/Intrel_0000000176}, author={Lippe, John M. Van Der}, keywords={Lausanne Treaty, Lausanne, American Public}, abstract={<p>On August 6, 1923 Joseph Grew, the American representative at the <br />Lausanne Conference, and İsmet Pasha, the Foreign Minister of the <br />nationalist government of Ankara, signed a Treaty of Amity and Commerce <br />in Lausanne, Switzerland. The "other" Treaty of Lausanne was meant to <br />establish diplomatic and commercial relations between the United States and <br />the new Turkish Government. Replacing agreements between America and <br />the Ottoman Empire, which were severed when the United States entered <br />World War I in 1917, this new treaty also signified the United States’ <br />recognition of the independence and sovereignty of the new Turkish state. <br />In Turkey, the treaty with the United States was seen as an extension <br />of the Lausanne Treaty, normalizing relations between the new Turkish <br />Government and the European Powers. But in the United States, the treaty <br />led to an official and public controversy which delayed its ratification, and <br />resulted in its rejection in 1927 by the United States Senate. Stili, the debate <br />surrounding the treaty continued, lasting seven year from its signing in 1923 <br />until 1930 when the Senate finally accepted another, yet virtually identical, <br />treaty with the Turkish Republic.   <br /> </p>}, number={23}, publisher={Ankara Üniversitesi}