TY  - JOUR
T1  - Pandemide Yas: Dini ve Kültürel Ritüellerini Yerine Getiremeyen Bireylerin Deneyimleri
TT  - Grief During the Pandemic: The Experiences of Individuals Unable to Fulfill Their Religious and Cultural Rituals
AU  - Bilik, Münevver Zuhal
AU  - Hekimoğlu, Eylül Ceren
AU  - Uçurum, Sultan Berfin
AU  - Erten, İrem
AU  - Can, Demet
PY  - 2022
DA  - September
DO  - 10.26650/SP2021-899771
JF  - Studies in Psychology
PB  - İstanbul Üniversitesi
WT  - DergiPark
SN  - 1304-4680
SP  - 319
EP  - 364
VL  - 42
IS  - 2
LA  - tr
AB  - COVID-19 pandemisi nedeniyle birçok kayıp yaşanmış ve artan ölüm sayıları nedeniyle pandemiyi kontrol edebilmek için çeşitli kısıtlamalar ve karantinalar ilan edilmiştir. Bu kısıtlamalar ve karantinalar nedeniyle bireyler günlük ve sosyal yaşamlarında  birçok  değişiklikle  karşılaşırken  yaşadıkları  kayıp  sonrasında gerçekleştirdikleri dini ve kültürel ritüelleri de yerine getirememişlerdir. Alan-yazında  kişilerin  yaşadıkları  kaybın  ardından  gerçekleştirmek  istedikleri  dini ve  kültürel  ritüelleri  gerçekleştirmelerinin,  kişilerin  yas  sürecinde  olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğu ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda bu araştırma, COVID-19 pandemisi  sürecinde  Türk  toplumunda  COVID-19  nedeniyle  kayıp  yaşayan ancak  kısıtlamalar  nedeniyle  dini  ve  kültürel  ritüelleri  yerine  getiremeyen bireylerin  bu  süreci  nasıl  deneyimlediklerini  araştırmaktadır.  Bu  amaçla bireylerin  öznel  deneyimlerinin  anlaşılabilmesi  için  45-65  yaş  arasında,  son bir  yıl  içerisinde  COVID-19  nedeniyle  bir  yakınını  kaybetmiş  dört  katılımcı ile  yarı  yapılandırılmış  görüşmeler  yapılmış  ve  bu  görüşmeler  Yorumlayıcı Fenomenolojik Analiz  yöntemi  ile  analiz  edilmiştir. Analizin  sonucunda  beş üst  tema  oluşturulmuştur:  Ritüellerin  eksikliğinde  olumsuz  duygular,  Yas sürecini  kolaylaştırması  açısından  ritüellere  yapılan  atıflar,  Kayıpla  baş  etme yöntemleri, Gerçekleşmeyen ritüellerin telafisi ve Yasaklara rağmen: Ritüelleri gerçekleştirebilmek. Bu temalar Lacanyen psikanalitik bakış açısı ile simgesel, imgesel ve gerçek kavramları bağlamında değerlendirilmiştir. Simgesel düzlem özne için dil, kültür ve sosyal ortam olarak tanımlanırken imgesel düzlem öznenin içsel dünyalarında gerçeği anlamlandırdıkları düzlem olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu nedenle dini ve kültürel ritüellerin toplumsal, kültürel ve sosyal işlevi de göz önünde bulundurulduğunda katılımcıların yas sürecinde kayıplarını adlandırma ve kabul etme konusunda simgesel anlamda bir eksiklik yaşadıkları ve kaybı imgesel  düzlemde  anlamlandırmaya  çalıştıkları  düşünülmüştür.  Bu  bağlamda katılımcıların  geliştirdikleri  alternatif  telafi  yöntemleri  kültürde  ve  toplumsal düzende,  başka  bir  deyişle  simgeselde  kendilerine  yer  bulma  çabası  olarak yorumlanmıştır.
KW  - COVID-19
KW  - kayıp
KW  - yas
KW  - ritüeller
KW  - Lacanyen  Psikanalitik Yaklaşım
KW  - simgesel
N2  - The COVID-19 pandemic has led to many deaths worldwide. Various restrictions and quarantines have been declared to control the number of deaths from the pandemic. Individuals have faced many changes in their daily and social lives due to these restrictions and quarantines. They have also been unable to fulfill their religious and cultural rituals following the experienced losses. The literature has discussed how performing religious and cultural rituals after a loss positively affects the mourning process. This research investigates how individuals in Turkish society who’ve suffered from loss due to COVID-19 during the pandemic but were unable to fulfill their religious and cultural rituals because of restrictions had experienced this process. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four participants between the ages of 45-65 who’d lost a relative due to COVID-19 in the last year. The interviews were analyzed using the interpretive phenomenological analysis. As a result, five major themes were created: negative emotions in the absence of rituals, attributions to rituals with respect to facilitating mourning, mechanisms for coping with loss, compensation for unfulfilled rituals, and being able to perform rituals despite restrictions. These themes have been interpreted from the Lacanian psychoanalytic perspective in the context of symbolic, imaginary, and real concepts. While the symbolic register involves the language, culture, and social environment, the imaginary involves the register in which the subject makes sense of reality in their inner world. Therefore, when considering the societal and cultural function of religious and cultural rituals, the participants had experienced a symbolic inadequacy in naming and accepting their loss. Instead, they tried to make sense of loss in the imaginary register while mourning. The alternative compensation methods the participants developed were interpreted as an effort to find a place for themselves in culture and society (i.e., in the symbolic order).
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UR  - https://doi.org/10.26650/SP2021-899771
L1  - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1649106
ER  -