TY - JOUR T1 - Günlük yaşamda kadınlar arası mizah ilişkilerine antropolojik bir yaklaşım TT - An anthropological approach to humor relations between women in everyday life AU - İşçi Pembeci, Barış PY - 2021 DA - June Y2 - 2021 DO - 10.33613/antropolojidergisi.915121 JF - Anthropology JO - Antropol. PB - Ankara Üniversitesi WT - DergiPark SN - 0378-2891 SP - 172 EP - 182 IS - 41 LA - tr AB - Bu çalışmada mizahın antropolojik çalışmalarda ciddiye alınması gerektiği iddiasından yola çıkılarak günlük yaşamın kültürel bir öğesi olması ötesinde mizahın toplumsal cinsiyet, sosyal ilişkiler, otorite ve statü gibi daha genel konuları anlamada kilit görev üstlendiği gösterilmeye çalışılmıştır. Antropolojik mizah çalışmalarının temelini oluşturan mizah teorileri incelenmiş ve bu teorilerden faydalanarak ama mizahın günlük yaşamda üretilme, paylaşılma ve tüketilme biçimlerini analiz etmede daha kullanışlı olabilecek bir teorik çerçeve çizilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu teorik çerçeve içerisinde Muğla kentinin dağlık köyü Yeniköy’de kadınlar arası mizah ilişkileri sosyal ve güç ilişkileri içinde devam eden günlük yaşam bağlamında incelenmiştir. Mizahın yaşadıkları toplumda marjinal bir pozisyonda bulunan kadınlar için bir eylemlilik alanı yarattığı ve kadınların bu alanda mizahı yaratıcı bir direniş taktiği olarak kullandığı iddia edilmiştir. Dünyada antropolojik mizah çalışmaları artarken Türkçe mizah çalışmalarında mizahın sosyal günlük yaşamın önemli boyutlarına ışık tutma potansiyeli henüz keşfedilememiştir. Bu çalışma günlük yaşamda yoğun bir fiziksellik içeren, kişisel ve sosyal bedende akseden mizahı incelemede antropolojinin uzun dönem katılımcı gözlem, yerel bağlama yoğunlaşma ve deneyim-temelli yaklaşımı ile bu eksiği doldurmaya yönelik bir girişimdir. KW - mizah KW - şakalaşma KW - günlük yaşam KW - mizah antropolojisi N2 - This paper argues that humor should be taken seriously as it plays a key role in understanding larger issues such as gender relations, social interactions, power, and status in a society. Acknowledging its significance as more than a cultural object, the paper first focuses on the theoretical approaches to humor in anthropology and then constructs a conceptual framework by adding to these theories a new approach that treats the production, sharing and consumption of humor in daily life more effectively. Following this novel theoretical framework, humor interactions among women of a mountainous village of Yeniköy in the city of Muğla are analyzed by positioning them within the context of social and power relations in everyday life. The argument of the analysis is that humor creates a space of agency for the women of Yeniköy who occupy a marginal space in their society and that these women creatively manipulate humor as a tactic for resisting existing power structures. As anthropological studies of humor are increasing in the world, Turkish studies on humor are yet to discover the potential of humor in pointing out important dimensions of everyday life. This study aims to contribute to such studies in Turkey through an analysis of the physicality of humor and the way it resonates through the individual and social body through a long-term participatory observation, and a localized and experience-based investigation. CR - Apte, M. (1985). Humour and laughter: An anthropological approach. Cornell University Press. CR - Apte, M. L. (1988). Disciplinary boundaries in humorology: An anthropologist’s ruminations. Humor, 1(1), 5-25. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.1988.1.1.5 CR - Beckett, J. (2008). Laughing with, laughing at among Torres Strait Islanders. Anthropological Forum, 18(3), 295-302. https://doi.org/10.1080/00664670802429412 CR - Billig, M. (2005). Laughter and ridicule: Towards a social critique of humour. Sage. CR - Boyer, D., ve Yurchak, A. (2010). American stiob: Or, what late-socialist aesthetics of parody reveal about contemporary political culture in the West. Cultural Anthropology, 25(2), 179-221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1360.2010.01056.x CR - Butler, J. (1999). Gender trouble: Feminism and the subversion of identity. Routledge. CR - Cardeña, I., ve Littlewood, R. (2006). Humour as resistance: Deviance and pathology from a ludic perspective. Anthropology and Medicine, 13(3), 285-296. https://doi.org/10.1080/13648470600863613 CR - Carty, J., ve Musharbash, Y. (2008). You’ve got to be joking: Asserting the analytical value of humour and laughter in contemporary anthropology. Anthropological Forum, 18(3), 209-217. https://doi:10.1080/00664670802429347 CR - Colla, E. (2013). In praise of insult: Slogan genres, slogan repertoires and innovation. Review of Middle East Studies, 47(1), 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2151348100056317 CR - Critchley, S. (2011). On humour. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203870129 CR - Dağtaş, M. S. (2016). ‘Down with some things!’ The politics of humour and humour as politics in Turkey’s Gezi protests. Etnofoor, 28(1), 11-34. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43823940 CR - De Certeau, M. (1984). The Practice of everyday life. University of California Press. CR - Dinç, E. (2012). On the limits of oppositional humor: The Turkish political context. Middle East Journal of Culture and Communication, 5(3), 322-337. https://doi.org/10.1163/18739865-00503012 CR - Douglas, M. (1968). The social control of cognition: some factors in joke perception. Man, 3(3), 361-376. https://doi.org/10.2307/2798875 CR - Douglas, M. (1975). Implicit meanings: Essays in anthropology. Routledge. CR - Driessen, H. (2016). Afterword: Humour matters. Etnofoor, 28, 141-146. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43823947 CR - Dundes, A. (2017). Cracking jokes: Studies of sick humor cycles and stereotypes. Quid Pro Books. CR - Dwyer, K. (2009). Geertz, humour and Morocco. Journal of North African Studies, 14(3–4), 397-415. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629380902924059 CR - Eken, B. (2014). The politics of the Gezi Park resistance: Against memory and identity. South Atlantic Quarterly, 113(2), 427-436. https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-2644212 CR - Eker Öğüt, G. (2009). İnsan Kültür Mizah, 1. Basım. Grafiker Yayınları. CR - Fine, G. A. (1985). Sociological approaches to the study of humor. D. L. F. Nilsen, P. E. McGhee ve J. H. Goldstein (Ed.) içinde, Handbook of humor research (s. 159-181). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5572-7_8 CR - Freud, S. (1963). Jokes and their relation to the unconscious. P. Gay (Trans.). W. W. Norton. (Özgün eserin basımı 1905). CR - Gardiner, M. (2016). Gündelik hayat eleştirileri. Heretik Yayınları. CR - Goldstein, D. M. (2013). Laughter out of place: Race, class, violence, and sexuality in a Rio shantytown. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520955417 CR - Görkem, Ş. Y. (2015). The only thing not known how to be dealt with: Political humor as a weapon during Gezi Park Protests. Humor, 28(4), 583-609. https://doi.org/10.1515/humor-2015-0094 CR - Graeber, D. (2009). Direct action: An ethnography. AK press. CR - Gürcan, E., ve Peker, E. (2015). Challenging neoliberalism at Turkey’s Gezi Park: From private discontent to collective class action. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137469021 CR - Gürel, P. (2015). Bilingual humor, authentic aunties, and the transnational vernacular at Gezi Park. Journal of Transnational American Studies, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.5070/T861019932 CR - hooks, b. (1990). Yearning: Race, gender, and cultural politics. South End Press. CR - Kuipers, G. (2011). The politics of humour in the public sphere: Cartoons, power and modernity in the first transnational humour scandal. European Journal of Cultural Studies, 14(1), 63-80. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367549410370072 CR - Lewis, P. (2006). Cracking up: American humor in a time of conflict. University of Chicago Press. CR - Lockyer, S., ve Pickering, M. (2008). You must be joking: The sociological critique of humour and comic media. Sociology Compass, 2(3), 808-820. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2008.00108.x CR - Makar, F. (2011). ‘Let them have some fun’: Political and artistic forms of expression in the Egyptian revolution. Mediterranean Politics, 16(2), 307-312. https://doi.org/10.1080/13629395.2011.583755 CR - Musharbash, Y. (2008). Perilous laughter: Examples from Yuendumu, Central Australia. Anthropological Forum, 18(3), 271-277. https://doi.org/10.1080/00664670802429388 CR - Nielsen, M. M. (2011). On humour in prison. European Journal of Criminology, 8(6), 500-514. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370811413818 CR - Osella, C., ve Osella, F. (1998). Friendship and flirting: Micro-politics in Kerala, South India. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 4(2),189-206. https://doi.org/10.2307/3034499 CR - Paolucci, P., ve Richardson, M. (2006). Sociology of humor and a critical dramaturgy. Symbolic Interaction, 29(3), 331-348. https://doi.org/10.1525/si.2006.29.3.331 CR - Pollio, H. R. (1985). Notes toward a field theory of humor. Paul E. McGhee ve Jeffrey H. Goldstein (Ed.) içinde, Handbook of humor research (s. 213-230). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-5572-7_10 CR - Scott, J. C. (1985). Weapons of the weak: Everyday forms of peasant resistance. Yale University Press. CR - Seizer, S. (1997). Jokes, gender, and discursive distance on the Tamil popular stage. American Ethnologist, 24(1), 62-90. https://doi.org/10.1525/ae.1997.24.1.62 CR - Trnka, S. (2011). Specters of uncertainty: Violence, humor, and the uncanny in Indo-Fijian communities following the May 2000 Fiji coup. Ethos, 39(3), 331-348. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1352.2011.01196.x CR - Türkmen, F. (2019). Mizah-fıkra ve katmerli fıkralar. 9. Milletlerarası Türk Halk Kültürü Kongresi Bildirileri, 419-426.https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/mrepo/eKitap/eb-Mizahfikravekatmerli/ CR - van Roekel, E. (2016). Uncomfortable laughter: Reflections on violence, humour and immorality in Argentina. Etnofoor, 28(1), 55-74. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43823942 CR - Zijderveld, A. C. (1968). Jokes and their relation to social reality. Social Research, 35(2), 286-311. https://www.jstor.org/stable/40969908 UR - https://doi.org/10.33613/antropolojidergisi.915121 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1703254 ER -