TY - JOUR T1 - BREXIT’İN AB’NİN TARAF OLDUĞU ULUSLARARASI HUKUK ANLAŞMALARI ÜZERİNDE DOĞURACAĞI ETKİLER TT - The Effects of Brexit on Treaties Under International Law Which the EU is a Party to These Treaties AU - Arsava, Ayşe Füsun PY - 2021 DA - July JF - Türkiye Adalet Akademisi Dergisi JO - TAAD PB - Türkiye Adalet Akademisi WT - DergiPark SN - 1309-6826 SP - 57 EP - 84 IS - 47 LA - tr AB - AB üyesi bir devlet olarak İngiltere çoksayıda uluslararası anlaşmanın tarafı olarakkarşımıza çıkmaktadır. AB’nin Çalışma UsulleriHakkındaki Sözleşme’nin AB’den çıkmayailişkin 50. maddesi AB’den çıkmanın tarafolunan anlaşmalar üzerinde doğuracağı etkileridüzenlememektedir. Ekseri uluslararasıhukuk anlaşması da bu tür düzenlemeler içermemektedir.Bu nedenle Brexit’in uluslararasıanlaşmalar üzerinde doğuracağı etkileringenel uluslararası hukuka, özellikle ViyanaAnlaşmalar Hukuku Sözleşmesinde kısmenkodifiye edilen teamül hukukuna göre cevaplandırılmasıgerekmektedir. Şüphesiz tümanlaşmalar için aynı cevapların verilmesinimümkün kılan, genel geçerliliğe sahip kurallarbulunmamaktadır. Bu cevapların anlaşmataraflarına ve anlaşmanın içeriğine göre farklılıkgösterdiği görülmektedir. AB’nin özelliklemünhasır yetkileri alanında yapmış olduğuanlaşmalardan Brexit ertesinde İngiltere bakımındanhak ve yükümlülük doğması mümkündeğildir. Buna karşılık AB’nin ve üye devletlerinbirlikte taraf olduğu karma anlaşmalarınprensip olarak İngiltere bakımından bağlayıcılığıprensip olarak devam edecektir. MakaledeBrexit’in bir taraftan İngiltere’nin, diğertaraftan AB’nin uluslararası hukuk anlaşmalarındandoğan hakları ve yükümlülükleri üzerindekietkileri incelenmektedir. KW - AB’nin münhasır yetkileri KW - AB’nin paylaşılmış yetkileri KW - Karma Anlaşmalar KW - clausula rebus sic stantibus KW - anlaşmaların sona ermesi N2 - The United Kingdom is the party to severalinternational treaties as a EU member.The Article 50 of the Treaty on the Functioningof the European Union about thewithdrawal from EU membership does notregulate the effects of the withdrawal on internationaltreaties. The greater part of internationaltreaties does not involve such effectstoo. It is necessary to answer the effects ofBrexit on international treaties pursuant togeneral international law, especially customarylaw codified partly in the Vienna Conventionon the Law of Treaties. Undoubtedly,there are no rules about such effects in internationallaw for all treaties. Such effects maydiffer from each other in terms of parties andthe content of treaties. It is impossible that thetreaties the EU concluded especially withinits exclusive competence may impose rightsand responsibilities for the United Kingdomafter the Brexit. On the other hand, the mixedtreaties to which the EU and member statesare parties together will continue to bind theUnited Kingdom. In the article, the effects ofBrexit on the rights and responsibilities of theUnited Kingdom and the EU deriving frominternational treaties will be assessed. CR - Allan Rosas, Mixed Union–Mixed Agreements, bknz.: Matti Koskenniemi (ed.), Internationale Law Aspects of the European Union, 1998, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers CR - Andrés Delgado Casteleiro, EU Declarations of Competence to Multilateral Agreements: A Useful Reference Base?, European Foreign Affairs Review, Volume 17(2012), Kluwer Law International, Alphen aan den Rijn CR - Andreas Gunst, Brexit: What Should Energy Companies Do Know?, DLA Piper, 24.6.2016; bknz.: <www.dlapiper.com> Diarmuid Torney, What Will Brexit Mean for Climate Change?, bknz.: <http:// www.rte.ie> CR - Guillaume van der Loo/Steven Blockmans, The Impact of Brexit on the EU’s International Agreements, CEPS Commentaries, bknz.: www.ceps.eu CR - Hubert Isak, Nach dem Brexit:Weitere Differenzierung der Union nach innen und nach außen?, bknz.: Lorenzmeier/H.P.Folz (Hrsg.), Recht und Realität, FS für C.Vedder, 2017, 172,193 CR - Ingolf Pernice, Völkerrechtliche Verträge internationaler Organisationen, ZaöRV 48 (1988), 229,231 vd. CR - Juliane Kokott, sog. “Pastis-Formel”, Schlussanträge zu EuGH, Rs. C-13/07 (Kommission v. Rat), ECLI:EU:C:2009:190, Rn.121 CR - Katrin Fernekess/Solveiga Palevćienė/Manu Thadikkaran, The Future of the United Kingdom in Europa – Exit Scenarios and Their Papers, 2013, CR - The Graduate Institute, Centre for Trade and Economic Integration, Genève 54 vd. CR - Kirsten Schmalenbach, Art.216 AEUV Internationale Übereinkünfte, bknz.: C.Calliess/M.Ruffert (Hrsg.), EuV/AEUV, Rn.5, 5.Aufl. 2016, München,Wien CR - Knut Ipsen, Völkerrecht, 7.Aufl. 2018, §18, Rn.21 Lorand Bartels, The UK’s Status in the WTO after Brexit, bknz.: Robert Schütze/Stephen Tierney (Hrsg.) CR - Maike Schäfer, Die Rechtsstellung des Vereinigten Königreichs in der WTO nach dem Brexit, bknz.: Christian Tietje/Gerhard Kraft/Christian Kumpan (Hrsg.), Beiträge zum Transnationalen Wirtschaftsrecht, Heft 147, Nov.2017, 10 vd. CR - Markus W.Gehring, Brexit and EU-UK Trade Relations with Third States, EU Law Analysis, 6.3.2016 CR - Markus W.Gehring, ‘Trade Relations will Remain Unchanged’ Post-Brexit, claims Lord Lawson-Hardly, University of Cambridge; bknz.: http:// blogs.lse.ac.uk CR - Maurits Dolmans, Problems of Mixed Agreements: Division of Power within the EEC and the Right of Third States, 1985, Asser Institute, The Hague, 25,39 vd. CR - Matthias Goldmann, VölkerrechtlicheVereinbarungen und direkte Demokratie, ZaöRV 78(2018) CR - Monika Polzin, Der verrechtlichte Ausnahmezustand Art. 15 EMRK und die Rolle des Europäischen Gerichtshofs für Menschenrechte, ZaöRV 78(2018), CH&Beck Verlag, München CR - Niele Behrends/Philipp Kubucki/Hannes Rathke, Das Gutachten des EuGH zum EU-Freihandelsabkommen mit Singapur; bknz. https://www. bundestag.de, 9vd. CR - Paolo R.Vergano/Tobias Dolle, The Trade Law Consequences of Brexit, European Journal of Risk Regulation,Vol. 7, Issue 4(2016), Cambridge University Press, p.795-800). CR - Philipp Allot, Adherance and Withdrawal from Mixed Agreements, bknz.: David O’Keeffe/Henry G. Schermers (ed.), MixedAgreements, 1983, Kluwer Law and Taxation Publishers, Boston CR - Rafael Leal-Arcas, The European Community and Mixed Agreements, European Foreign Affairs Review 6 (2001) CR - Ramses A.Wessel,Consequences of Brexit for InternationalAgreements Concluded by the EU and its Member States, CMLRev. 55(2018), 101, 114 vd. CR - Ramses A.Wessel, You Can Check Out Any Time You Like, but Can You Really Leave?, International Organisations Law Review 13(2016), issue 2 CR - Robert G.Volterra, Brexit Negotiations Series: “The Impact of Brexit on the UK’s Trade with Non-EU Member States under the EU’s Mixed Free Trade Agreements”,17.05.2017,bknz.: https://www.law.ox.ac.uk CR - Rudolf Geiger/Daniel-Erasmus Khan/Markus Kotzur, EUV/AEUV, 6.Aufl. 2017, München, Art.216, AEUV, Rn.15 CR - Stefan Lorenzmeier, “multilaterale Verträge mit bilateraler Erfüllungsstruktur”; bknz.: E.Grabitz/M.Hilf/M.Nettesheim (Hrsg.), Das Recht der Europäischen Union, 2018, Art.216AEuV, Rn.15 CR - Silja Vöneky/Britta Beylage-Haarmann, bknz.: E.Grabitz/M.Nettesheim (hrsg.),Das Recht der Europaeischen Union, 2018, Art.216 AEUV, Rn.37 CR - Thomas Oppermann/Claus Dieter Classen/Martin Nettesheim, Europarecht, §38,Rn.8, 7.Aufl.2016, C.H.Beck, München CR - Thomas Voland, Sailing Uncharted Waters-For How long? On Transtional Post-Brexit Trade Arrangements; bknz.: https://verfassungsblog.de CR - Wolff Heintschel von Heinegg, Treaties, Fundamental Change of Circumstances, bknz.: MPEP II, 2006 UR - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/taad/article/972459 L1 - https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1884634 ER -