ERMENİSTAN DEVLETİ’NİN KURULMASI VE BÖLGEDEN AZERBAYCAN TÜRKLERİNİN ZORUNLU GÖÇ ETTİRİLMESİ (1906-1953)

Guney Kafkasya’da gunumuzde mevcut olan Ermenistan Cumhuriyeti’nin temeli Carlik Rusya’nin bolgeyi isgali sonrasi atilmistir. Kuzey Azerbaycan sinirlari icinde yer alan Revan ve cevre bolgelerinde Rus destegi ile Ermeniler kendi devletlerini olusturmustur. Bu bolgelerde Ermeni nufus sayisini artirmak icin Carlik Rusya, Iran ve Osmanli topraklarindan binlerce Ermeni’yi goc ettirerek bolgeye yerlestirmistir. XX. yuzyilin ilk ceyreginde Ermeniler bolgede nufus ustunlugu saglamak icin Musluman nufusa karsi katliamlarini gerceklestirmislerdir. Boylece on binlerce Musluman oldurulmustur. Hayatta kalanlar ise bolgeden goc etmek zorunda kalmislardir. Buna ilave olarak Ermeniler, 1991 yilina kadar bolgede cogunlugu olusturan Muslumanlarin nufus ustunlugunu kirmak icin bolgede zorunlu goc faaliyetlerini gerceklestirmislerdir. Ermeniler tarafindan bolgedeki Muslumanlara karsi girisilen bu sistematik gocler 1948-1953 ve 1988-1991 yillari arasi gerceklestirilmistir. Bu gocler ile Ermeniler, istedikleri Turksuz Ermenistan Devleti’ni olusturmayi basarmislardir. Calismada bahsi gecen “Ermenistan Devleti’nin Kurulmasi ve Bolgeden Azerbaycan Turklerinin Zorunlu Goc Ettirilmesi”, nitel arastirma yontemlerinden dokuman ve belge analizi yontemi kullanilarak ele alinmistir. Boylece arsiv belgeleri, gazeteler ve donemi anlatan birinci elden kaynaklar incelenerek objektif bir calisma ortaya cikarilmistir

The Russians laid the foundations of the Armenian State in 1828 in Revan and Nakhichevan, lands close to the Ottoman Empire border. Here the main aim of the Turkish government was to fully end the fact that Turkey had been cut off from the land relations of the Turkish world. İn addition, the Russians always prioritized a society that they could use in the region in line with their interests during the attacks they carried out on İran and the Ottoman States. After the Armenian State was created in the historical Revan lands, a rapid Armenian migration was made to the region. Armenians who immigrated to the region until the last years of the 19th century increased the population in the Revan region to half of the general population of the region. İn the first years of the 20th century, the Turkish population still dominated the region. After the Russo-Japanese War, the Tsar's authority in Russia was shaken and the constitutional rebellions began. Turning this into an opportunity, the Armenians attempted a massacre against Turkish and Muslim societies in order to increase the population in the South Caucasus.
The main purpose of these massacres was to lay the foundations of the Great State of Armenia from sea to sea. But when the Turks responded to the armed Armenian attacks, the Southern Caucasus experienced an Armenian-Muslim War. Although Armenian gangs were defeated in other regions in this war, Turks and Muslims were massacred in Revan and their villages due to the superiority of the Armenian population, and most of the survivors took refuge in the Ottoman Empire. These massacres were stopped by Russian intervention. However, the villages inhabited by the Turks until then have been completely ruined. Until the First World War, Armenians took care to stay in the background. However, during the First World War, Armenians took action both in the Eastern and Southeastern Anatolia regions and in the South Caucasus to establish a state. They started massacre activities against the Muslim population living in the region with Russian and British support. Armenians, who first started massacres in the Anatolian regions, could not be successful here and mobilized all their forces in the South Caucasus. The Union of Transcaucasian Republics, created after the 1917 October Revolution, was dissolved as a result of British and German political intervention. Upon the dissolution of the Transcaucasia Republics, independent republics of Azerbaijan and Georgia were established in the region. Armenians, who did not have an independent state in the region at any time in history, took refuge in British assistance with territorial claims against Azerbaijan and Georgia. The newly formed Azerbaijani government, as a result of the pressure of the British, made concessions in order for the Armenians to establish a state for themselves in Revan and surrounding villages. Even though this decision is discussed now, both the Bolshevik invasion in Baku and British pressure at that time forced the Azerbaijani government to adopt such a decision. After the Armenians established their state, they again made territorial claims against Azerbaijan and Georgia. İn order to completely cleanse the region from the Turkish population and create Great Armenia, Armenians carried out a massacre that reached the extent of genocide in 1918. Although these massacres were intervened by the Caucasian İslamic Army in Azerbaijani territory, not much could be done here, as the Revan region is now an Armenian capital. This caused the Muslims and Turks living in the region to be massacred to a great extent. The survivors took shelter in the Ottoman and İranian border regions.
After the massacre, the number of the Turkish population in the region decreased from three hundred thousand to ten thousand. Xİ. The Republic of Armenia of our time was created after the Red Army invaded the Southern Caucasus. The Soviet administration gave the Azerbaijani lands to Armenia, which was approved at the Paris Conference in 1920. The Soviet Communist Party was first incorporated into Zengezur and Göyçe regions, where the Turks were in the majority, and then a large part of the Sharur Dereleyez region of Nakhichevan was incorporated into Armenia. The Armenians changed the names of Turkish settlements, in the regions where the names were mentioned, to Armenian. Later, a policy of assimilation was implemented in the region. İn the early years of the Stalin period, a policy of pressure was applied to the Turks and Kurds living in the region.
The Armenians, who turned Stalin's exile policy into an opportunity, accused the Turks of anti-Soviet propaganda and played a major role in their exile or execution by shooting. After the Second World War, the number of Muslim Turks and Kurds decreased significantly as a result of the migration and massacre policies in the Armenian lands. Armenians who wanted to fuse Nagorno-Karabakh with Armenia after the war removed their territorial claims against the Stalin administration. However, when these allegations remained unanswered, the Armenians embarked on a second plan, the return to the homeland project. According to this project, Azerbaijani Turks and Muslim Kurds will be subjected to forced migration from the territory of Armenia, and Armenians living abroad will be migrated to the vacant settlements. This project was liked and approved by Stalin. With the decisions made by the Soviet administration in 1947-48, it was envisaged that Turks and Muslim Kurds living in Armenia would have been settled in the Kur-Aras regions of Azerbaijan.
From 1948 to 1953, more than 100 thousand Turks and Muslim Kurds were forced to migrate from the fertile lands of Armenia to the arid lands of the Kur-Aras region. As an excuse for this migration, increasing the productivity of cotton fields in Kür-Araras regions was shown. Turks and Kurds who resisted not to migrate were subjected to violence and assault by the Armenians. As a result of these migration activities, thousands of people could not adapt to the land and, died from diseases on the way during migration. Only half of the budget allocated for immigration was spent. Most of the people who had a regular life, home, and job in Armenia were left unemployed and homeless after being immigrated to Azerbaijan. As a result of these migrations, the Armenian population in Armenia has doubled against the Turkish population. These migration activities were stopped after the death of Stalin.
However, the second migration wave of Turkish and Muslim Kurds living in the region was experienced between 1988-1991. Taking advantage of the complex situation in the last period of the Soviets, Armenians forced the non-Armenian population living in Armenia to migrate. Using the Nagorno-Karabakh Problem skillfully, the Armenian administration cleansed the region from the Turks until 1991. The main purpose of these migration activities was to completely cleanse the so-called Great Armenia lands that will be created in the future from the Turks. Remaining silent on this migration and supporting activities that Armenia was created as a buffer while Russia's original intention was to close the road between Turkey and the Turkish world.
"The Establishment of the State of Armenia and the Forced Migration of Azerbaijani Turks from the Region" examined in the study is handled by using documents and document analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods. The massacre and immigration policy against the Turks in the region was also tried to be objectively investigated. Thus, an objective study was created by examining archive documents, newspapers, and first-hand sources describing the period.  (Mustafa, 2015: 39-40).