GERİ DÖNÜŞTÜRÜLMÜŞ PLASTİK TUĞLALARIN KARŞILAŞTIRMALI ISIL PERFORMANSI: ENERJİ VERİMLİ KONUTLAR İÇİN ÖZELLİK TEMELLİ BİR ANALİZ

Abstract

Bu çalışma, İstanbul’un ılıman-nemli iklim koşullarında yenilikçi plastik tuğlaların enerji performansını geleneksel duvar malzemeleriyle karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmektedir. Türkiye Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğüne ait 20 yıllık meteorolojik veri kullanılarak, bölge için en enerji verimli form olarak belirlenen U-şekilli bina tipolojisi üzerinde DesignBuilder/EnergyPlus ile enerji simülasyonları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hakemli çalışmalardan elde edilen on yedi plastik tuğla formülasyonu; ısı iletkenliği, özgül ısı kapasitesi, yoğunluk, neme dayanım ve yangın dayanımı açısından analiz edilmiş ve Türk boşluklu kil tuğlası ile geleneksel pişmiş tuğlalarla karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, birçok plastik tuğlanın geleneksel tuğlalardan belirgin şekilde daha iyi performans gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Geri dönüştürülmüş PET ve kumdan üretilen Tuğla 15, ısıtma yükünde %26,24’lük azalma ve soğutma talebinde yalnızca sınırlı bir artış sayesinde toplamda %13,89 ile en yüksek enerji tasarrufunu sağlamıştır. Bu üstün performans, düşük ısı iletkenliği, orta yoğunluk ve yüksek özgül ısı kapasitesi arasındaki optimum dengeye dayanmaktadır. Ayrıca sekiz başka plastik tuğla da kayda değer enerji verimliliği kazanımları göstermiş; geri dönüştürülmüş termoplastiklerin ve uçucu kül ile taş ocağı tozu gibi katkı maddelerinin termal atalet ve iç mekân konforunu artırmadaki rolü vurgulanmıştır. Çalışma, Türk konut yapımında kil tuğlalarına olan yoğun bağımlılığı sorgulamakta ve bu malzemelerin daha yüksek enerji ihtiyacına ve zayıf termal performansa yol açtığını göstermektedir. Araştırma, özellikle yalıtımın sınırlı olduğu düşük ve orta gelirli konutlarda, mühendislik ürünü plastik kompozitlerin modern enerji standartlarını karşılayabilecek potansiyele sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Kapsamlı iklim verileri, ileri malzeme bilimi ve dinamik simülasyonun bütüncül entegrasyonuyla, bu çalışma çevre dostu plastik tuğlaların yaygın kullanımına yönelik ölçeklenebilir bir çerçeve sunmakta; enerji tüketimini ve karbon emisyonlarını azaltmayı hedefleyen mimarlar, mühendisler ve politika yapıcılar için değerli içgörüler sağlamaktadır.

Keywords

• geri dönüştürülmüş plastik tuğlalar
• binalarda enerji verimliliği
• duvar malzemelerinin ısıl performansı
• sürdürülebilir yapı malzemeleri
• uygun maliyetli konut tasarımı.

Comparative Thermal Performance of Recycled Plastic Bricks: A Property-Based Analysis for Energy-Efficient Housing

Abstract

This study presents a comprehensive evaluation of the energy performance of innovative plastic bricks compared to traditional masonry in Istanbul’s mild-humid climate. Using 20 years of meteorological data from the Turkish State Meteorological Service, energy simulations were conducted with DesignBuilder/EnergyPlus on a U-shaped building typology, identified as the most energy-efficient form for the region. Seventeen plastic brick formulations, sourced from peer-reviewed studies, were analyzed for thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, density, moisture resistance, and fire resistance, and benchmarked against Turkish hollow clay and conventional burned bricks. Results show that several plastic bricks significantly outperform traditional bricks, with Brick 15 composed of recycled PET and sand achieving the highest energy savings of 13.89%, driven by a 26.24% reduction in heating load and only a marginal rise in cooling demand. Its superior performance reflects an optimal balance of low thermal conductivity, moderate density, and high specific heat capacity. Additionally, eight other plastic bricks demonstrated notable efficiency gains, highlighting the role of recycled thermoplastics and stabilizers such as fly ash and quarry dust in enhancing thermal inertia and indoor comfort. The study challenges the reliance on clay bricks in Turkish residential construction by evidencing their higher energy demand and poorer thermal performance. It underscores the potential of engineered plastic composites to meet modern energy standards, especially in low- and middle-income housing where insulation is limited. Integrating rigorous climate data, advanced material science, and dynamic simulation, this research provides a scalable framework for adopting eco-friendly plastic bricks, offering valuable insights for architects, engineers, and policymakers seeking to reduce energy use and carbon emissions in temperate climates.

Keywords

• recycled plastic bricks
• energy efficiency in buildings
• thermal performance of masonry
• sustainable building materials
• affordable housing design.

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