Probiotics, prebiotics and their effects on intestinal and skin health

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 64, 263 - 289, 28.11.2022

Faruk Galyon , Candan Varlık

Öz

The human gut microbiota is fundamental to health and is associated with a variety of diseases. Maintaining an intact intestinal barrier plays an important role in preventing tissue injury, pathogen infection and disease development and improving gut health and overall good health. Bacterial translocation can occur when the intestinal barrier function is compromised. Probiotics are live microorganisms that are ingested to promote health. The benefits of probiotics are based on their effects on the intestinal microbiota. There have been multiple studies about the role of probiotics in improving health by treating gastrointestinal, liver and pancreatic disease, atopic dermatitis (AD) and preventing infection. Probiotics like lactic acid and bifidobacterium are widely produced in the food industry and customer demand for these substances is continuously increasing. Prebiotics are non-digestible food ingredients that are utilized by host microorganisms leading to a health benefit. Prebiotic effects include improving defense against pathogens, improving gut microbiota composition, immune modulation, mineral absorption, bowel function, metabolic effects and satiety. Since prebiotics are found in very low amounts in foods, scientists are trying to produce these ingredients on an industrial scale. In this review, the production of probiotics and prebiotics and their effects on intestinal and skin health have been studied.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Probiotics, Prebiotics, Intestinal Health, Skin Health

Probiyotikler, Prebiyotikler ve bunların bağırsak ve cilt sağlığı üzerinde etkileri

Öz

İnsan bağırsak mikrobiyotası sağlığın ayrılmaz bir parçasıdır ve çeşitli hastalıklarla ilişkilendirilmektedir. Sağlam bir bağırsak bariyeri korumak, doku hasarı, patojen enfeksiyonları ve hastalık gelişiminin önlenmesinde, ayrıca bağırsak sağlığı ve genel olarak sağlık durumunun iyileştirmesinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Bağırsak bariyerin işlevinin bozulması durumunda, bakteriyel translokasyonu meydana gelebilmektedir. Probiyotikler, sağlığı geliştirmek için vücuda alınan canlı mikroorganizmalardır. Probiyotiklerin faydaları, onların bağırsak mikrobiyotası üzerindeki etkilerine dayanmaktadır. Bağırsak, karaciğer ve pankreas hastalıklarının tedavisinde, atopik dermatitinin (AD) iyileştirmesinde ve enfeksiyonların önlenmesinde probiyotiklerin kullanması hakkında çok sayıda çalışma yapılmıştır. Laktik asit ve bifidobakteri gibi probiyotikler, gıda endüstrisinde yaygın olarak üretilmekte ve bu maddelere yönelik müşteri talebi sürekli artmaktadır. Prebiyotikler, konakçı mikroorganizmalar tarafından kullanılan ve sağlık açısından fayda sağlayan sindirilemeyen gıda bileşenleridir. Prebiyotik etkileri arasında, patojenlere karşı savunmasının ve bağırsak mikrobiyota bileşiminin iyileştirilmesi, bağışıklık modülasyonu, mineral emilimi ve bağırsak işlevinin geliştirilmesi, metabolik etkiler ve tokluk bulunmaktadır. Prebiyotikler gıdalarda çok düşük miktarlarda bulundukları için bilim adamları bu bileşenleri sanayi ölçekte üretmeye çalışıyorlardır. Bu derlemede probiyotikler ve prebiyotiklerin üretimi ve bağırsak ve cilt sağlığı üzerindeki etkisi incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Probiyotik, Prebiyotik, Bağırsak Sağlığı, Cilt Sağlığı

Kaynakça

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