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In vitro Antiparasitic Activity of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Bulb and Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peel Against Monogenean Fish Parasite., Dactylogyrus sp.

Yıl 2021, , 56 - 63, 01.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.751913

Öz

The Monogenean parasite, Dactylogyrus sp., is being considered as one of the most dangerous pathogens in freshwater fish with a high infestation in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The treatment of parasites including Monogeneans is an important part of fish health maintenance in the overall cycle of aquaculture. Novel applications of natural plant products to eradicate the parasites have taken high attention in aquaculture since they are reported to have less adverse impacts on the environment and fish in comparison to other chemical treatments. In the present study, in vitro antiparasitic effects of the ginger (Zingiber officinale) bulb and pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel against Dactylogyrus sp. were investigated by using in vitro tests. Individuals of the parasite were exposed to different concentrations of ginger (10, 50, 100, and 250 mg/ml) and pomegranate peel (50, 100, 250, and 500 mg/ml) for a specified period. In vitro cumulative mortality values reached 100% in 5 minutes after exposure to ginger at the concentration of 250 mg/ml in 9 minutes after exposure to 100 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml. Cumulative mortality was 58% in 9 minutes after exposure to ginger at the concentration of 10 mg/ml. In in vitro pomegranate tests, cumulative mortality values were assessed 100% in 3 minutes after exposure to pomegranate peel at the concentration of 500 mg/ml and in 6 minutes after exposure to 250 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml. Cumulative mortality was 66% in 6 minutes after exposure to pomegranate peel at the concentration of 50 mg/ml. In vitro results revealed that ginger and pomegranate peel solutions had antiparasitic effects on Dactylogyrus sp. to some degree, depending on solution concentration and exposure time. The efficacy of the ginger and pomegranate peel solutions against Monogeneans should be confirmed in fish through in vivo tests.

Kaynakça

  • Abdel-Hafeez, E. H., Ahmed, A. K., Abdellatif, M. Z., Kamal, A. M., & Toni, N. D. (2016). The efficacy of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract on experimentally infected rats with blastocystis spp. Journal of Infectious Diseases & Preventive Medicine, 2-6.
  • Abo-Esa, J.F.K. (2008). Study on some ectoparasitic diseases of Catfish, Clarias gariepinus with their control by ginger, Zingiber of officiale. Mediterranean Aquaculture Journal, 1(1), 1-9. doi: 10.21608/maj.2008.2658.
  • Acar, Ü., Parrino, V., Kesbiç, O.S., Paro, G.L., Saoca, C et al. (2018). Effects of different levels of pomegranate seed oil on some blood parameters and disease resistance against yersinia ruckeri in Rainbow Trout. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1-7. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00596.
  • Al-Juwary, R.S. (2018). Effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) barks of root and stem (alcoholic extract) on the viability and fatty acids content of Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices in vitro study. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 32 (2), 189-194. doi: 10.33899/ijvs.2019.153848.
  • Badawi, M.E., & Gomaa, A.M. (2016). Influence of diets supplemented with pomegranate peel extract on performance in Oreochromus niloticus. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 64 (2), 87-94.
  • Bagavan, A., Rahuman, A.A., Kaushik, N.K., & Sahal, D. (2011). In vitro antimalarial activity of medicinal plant extracts against Plasmodium falciparum. Journal of Parasitology Research, 108 (1), 15-22. doi: 10.1007/s00436-010-2034-4.
  • Bruno, D.W., Nowak, B., & Elliott, D.G. (2006). Guide to the identification of fish protozoan and metazoan parasites in stained tissue sections. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 70:1-36. doi: 10.3354/dao070001.
  • Chitmanat, C., Tongdonmuan, K., & Nunsong, W. (2005). The use of crude extracts from traditional medicinal plants to eliminate Trichodina sp. in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 27 (1), 359-364.
  • Dell’Agli, M., Galli, G.V., Corbett, Y., & Taramelli, D. (2009). Antiplasmodial activity of Punica granatum L. fruit rind. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 125 (2), 279–285. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.06.025.
  • Diggles, B.K., Roubal, F.R., & Lester, R.J.G. (1993). The influence of formalin, benzocaine and hyposalinity on the fecundity and viability of Polylabroides multispinosus (Monogenea: Micro cotylidae) parasitic on the gills of Acanthopagrus australis (Pisces: Sparidiae). International Journal for Parasitology, 23, 877–884. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(93)90053-2.
  • El-Bahy, N.M., & Bazh, E.K.A. (2015). Anthelmintic activity of ginger, curcumin and praziquentel against Raillietina cesticillus (in vitro and in vivo). Journal of Parasitology Research, 114 (7), 2427–2434. doi: 10.1007/s00436-015-4416-0.
  • El-Sayed, N.M., & El-Saka, M.M. (2015). Anti-Parasitic Activity of Zingiber officinale (Ginger): A Brief Review. Aperito Journal of Bacteriology, Virology and Parasitology, 2 (1), 112. doi: 10.14437/2378-7864-2-112.
  • El-Shennawy, A., Ali, E., El-Komy, W., Fahmy, Z., & El-Wakel, E. (2010). Evaluation of ponytail antiparasitic activity of pomegranate juice, peels and leaves against Giardia lamblia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 14, S84. doi: 10.1016/S1201-9712(10)60262-7.
  • Fahmy, Z.H., El-Shennawy, A.M., El-Komy, W., Ali, E., & Hamid, S.S.A. (2009). Potential Antiparasitic Activity of Pomegranate Extracts Against Shistosomules and Mature Worms of Schistosoma Mansoni: in vitro and in vivo Study. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 3 (4), 4634-4643.
  • Fu, Y.W., Wang, B., Zhang, Q.Z., Xu, D.H., Liu, Y.M et al. (2019). Efficacy and antiparasitic mechanism of 10-gingerol isolated from ginger Zingiber officinale against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp. Veterinary Parasitology, 265, 74-84. doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.11.011. Gado, M.S., Mahfouz, N.B., Moustafa, E.M., & Lolo, E.E.E. (2017). Prevalence of some ectoparasitic diseases in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5 (3), 576-583.
  • Goven, B.A., Gilbert, J., & Gratzek, J. (1980). Apparent drug resistance to the organophosphate dimethyl (2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl) phosphonate by monogenetic trematodes. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 16 (3), 343–346.
  • Hao, B., Liu, G.L., Hu, X.G., & Wang, G.X. (2012). Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of active compounds from Semen pharbitidis against Dactylogyrus intermedius (Monogenea) in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Veterinary Parasitology, 187 (3-4), 452-458. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.01.023.
  • Harikrishnan, R., Kim, J.S., Kim, M.C., Balasundaram, C., & Heo, M.S. (2012). Pomegranate enriched diet enhances the hematology, innate immune response, and disease resistance in olive flounder against Philasterides dicentrarchi. Veterinary Parasitology, 187 (2012), 147–156. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.12.006.
  • Jain, S.L. (1959). New Dactylogyrus parasites from the gill filaments of Cyprinid fishes from India. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde, 19 (5), 432-441.
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Zencefil (Zingiber officinale) ve Nar Kabuğunun (Punica granatum) Monogenean Parazitlerden Dactylogyrus sp.’e Karşı Antiparazitik Aktivitesinin In vitro Olarak Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2021, , 56 - 63, 01.03.2021
https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.751913

Öz

Monogenean parazitlerden Dactylogyrus sp., sazanlarda (Cyprinus carpio) yaygın olarak bulunan en tehlikeli patojenlerden biri olarak kabul edilir. Genel olarak, Monogenean parazitlerin tedavisi, su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde balık sağlığının muhafazası bakımından önemli bir sorun teşkil eder. Bitkisel ürünlerin paraziter hastalıklarda tedavi edici uygulamaları su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde kimyasal tedavilere kıyasla çevre ve balık sağlığı üzerinde daha az olumsuz etkiye göstermesi nedeniyle büyük ilgi görmektedir. Bu çalışmada zencefil (Zingiber officinale) ve nar kabuğunun (Punica granatum) Dactylogyrus sp.’e karşı antiparaziter etkileri incelenmiştir. Dactylogyrus sp. parazitleri, farklı sürelerde, farklı konsantrasyonlarda zencefil (10, 50, 100 ve 250 mg/ml) ve nar kabuğu içeren solusyaonlara (50, 100, 250 ve 500 mg/ml) maruz bırakılmıştır. In vitro testlerde kümulatif mortalite değerleri, zencefilde 100 mg/ml ve 50 mg/ml'ye maruz bırakıldıktan sonra 9 dakika içinde, 250 mg/ml konsantrasyonuna maruz bırakıldıktan sonra ise 5 dakika içinde % 100'e ulaşmıştır. Kümulatif mortalite oranı, zencefilin 9 dakika süreyle 10 mg/ml konsantrasyonuna maruz bırakılan Dactylogyrus sp. için % 58 olarak bulunmuştur. In vitro nar kabuğu testlerinde, kümulatif mortalite değerleri 500 mg /ml konsantrasyonuna maruz kaldıktan sonra 3 dakika içinde ve 250 mg/ml ve 100 mg/ml'ye maruz bırakıldıktan 6 dakika içinde %100’e ulaşmıştır. Nar kabuğu solusyonuna 6 dakika süreyle 50 mg/ml konsantrasyonda maruz bırakılan Dactylogyrus sp.de kümulatif mortalite oranı % 66 olarak saptanmıştır. In vitro testlerle elde edilen sonuçlar, zencefil ve nar kabuğu çözeltilerinin Dactylogyrus sp.’e karşı antiparazitik etkisinin zamana ve konsantrasyona bağlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Ancak, balıklarda zencefil ve nar kabuğu çözeltilerinin Monogenean parazitlere karşı antiparazitik etkisi in vivo testlerle desteklenmelidir.

Kaynakça

  • Abdel-Hafeez, E. H., Ahmed, A. K., Abdellatif, M. Z., Kamal, A. M., & Toni, N. D. (2016). The efficacy of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract on experimentally infected rats with blastocystis spp. Journal of Infectious Diseases & Preventive Medicine, 2-6.
  • Abo-Esa, J.F.K. (2008). Study on some ectoparasitic diseases of Catfish, Clarias gariepinus with their control by ginger, Zingiber of officiale. Mediterranean Aquaculture Journal, 1(1), 1-9. doi: 10.21608/maj.2008.2658.
  • Acar, Ü., Parrino, V., Kesbiç, O.S., Paro, G.L., Saoca, C et al. (2018). Effects of different levels of pomegranate seed oil on some blood parameters and disease resistance against yersinia ruckeri in Rainbow Trout. Frontiers in Physiology, 9, 1-7. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00596.
  • Al-Juwary, R.S. (2018). Effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) barks of root and stem (alcoholic extract) on the viability and fatty acids content of Echinococcus granulosus protoscolices in vitro study. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 32 (2), 189-194. doi: 10.33899/ijvs.2019.153848.
  • Badawi, M.E., & Gomaa, A.M. (2016). Influence of diets supplemented with pomegranate peel extract on performance in Oreochromus niloticus. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 64 (2), 87-94.
  • Bagavan, A., Rahuman, A.A., Kaushik, N.K., & Sahal, D. (2011). In vitro antimalarial activity of medicinal plant extracts against Plasmodium falciparum. Journal of Parasitology Research, 108 (1), 15-22. doi: 10.1007/s00436-010-2034-4.
  • Bruno, D.W., Nowak, B., & Elliott, D.G. (2006). Guide to the identification of fish protozoan and metazoan parasites in stained tissue sections. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 70:1-36. doi: 10.3354/dao070001.
  • Chitmanat, C., Tongdonmuan, K., & Nunsong, W. (2005). The use of crude extracts from traditional medicinal plants to eliminate Trichodina sp. in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 27 (1), 359-364.
  • Dell’Agli, M., Galli, G.V., Corbett, Y., & Taramelli, D. (2009). Antiplasmodial activity of Punica granatum L. fruit rind. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 125 (2), 279–285. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.06.025.
  • Diggles, B.K., Roubal, F.R., & Lester, R.J.G. (1993). The influence of formalin, benzocaine and hyposalinity on the fecundity and viability of Polylabroides multispinosus (Monogenea: Micro cotylidae) parasitic on the gills of Acanthopagrus australis (Pisces: Sparidiae). International Journal for Parasitology, 23, 877–884. doi: 10.1016/0020-7519(93)90053-2.
  • El-Bahy, N.M., & Bazh, E.K.A. (2015). Anthelmintic activity of ginger, curcumin and praziquentel against Raillietina cesticillus (in vitro and in vivo). Journal of Parasitology Research, 114 (7), 2427–2434. doi: 10.1007/s00436-015-4416-0.
  • El-Sayed, N.M., & El-Saka, M.M. (2015). Anti-Parasitic Activity of Zingiber officinale (Ginger): A Brief Review. Aperito Journal of Bacteriology, Virology and Parasitology, 2 (1), 112. doi: 10.14437/2378-7864-2-112.
  • El-Shennawy, A., Ali, E., El-Komy, W., Fahmy, Z., & El-Wakel, E. (2010). Evaluation of ponytail antiparasitic activity of pomegranate juice, peels and leaves against Giardia lamblia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 14, S84. doi: 10.1016/S1201-9712(10)60262-7.
  • Fahmy, Z.H., El-Shennawy, A.M., El-Komy, W., Ali, E., & Hamid, S.S.A. (2009). Potential Antiparasitic Activity of Pomegranate Extracts Against Shistosomules and Mature Worms of Schistosoma Mansoni: in vitro and in vivo Study. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 3 (4), 4634-4643.
  • Fu, Y.W., Wang, B., Zhang, Q.Z., Xu, D.H., Liu, Y.M et al. (2019). Efficacy and antiparasitic mechanism of 10-gingerol isolated from ginger Zingiber officinale against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp. Veterinary Parasitology, 265, 74-84. doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2018.11.011. Gado, M.S., Mahfouz, N.B., Moustafa, E.M., & Lolo, E.E.E. (2017). Prevalence of some ectoparasitic diseases in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at Kafr El-Sheikh governorate. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5 (3), 576-583.
  • Goven, B.A., Gilbert, J., & Gratzek, J. (1980). Apparent drug resistance to the organophosphate dimethyl (2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl) phosphonate by monogenetic trematodes. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 16 (3), 343–346.
  • Hao, B., Liu, G.L., Hu, X.G., & Wang, G.X. (2012). Bioassay-guided isolation and identification of active compounds from Semen pharbitidis against Dactylogyrus intermedius (Monogenea) in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Veterinary Parasitology, 187 (3-4), 452-458. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.01.023.
  • Harikrishnan, R., Kim, J.S., Kim, M.C., Balasundaram, C., & Heo, M.S. (2012). Pomegranate enriched diet enhances the hematology, innate immune response, and disease resistance in olive flounder against Philasterides dicentrarchi. Veterinary Parasitology, 187 (2012), 147–156. doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.12.006.
  • Jain, S.L. (1959). New Dactylogyrus parasites from the gill filaments of Cyprinid fishes from India. Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde, 19 (5), 432-441.
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  • Khalil, A.A., & El-Houseiny, W. (2013). Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on Clarias gariepinus infested with gill monogenia. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 3 (4), 55-61.
  • Kir, I., & Özan, S.T. (2007). Helminth infections in common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., 1758 (Cyprinidae) from Kovada Lake (Turkey). Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, 31 (3), 232–236.
  • Klinger, R., & Floyd, R.F (editors). (2002). Introduction to freshwater fish parasites. Institute of Food and Agricultural Science, University of Florida.
  • Levy, G., Zilberg, D., Paladini, G., & Fridman, S. (2015). Efficacy of ginger-based treatments against infection with Gyrodactylus turnbulli in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Veterinary Parasitology, 209 (3-4), 235-241. doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.03.002.
  • Lieke, T., Meinelt, T., Hoseinifar, S.H., Pan, B., Straus, D.L et al. (2019). Sustainable aquaculture requires environmental-friendly treatment strategies for fish diseases. Aquaculture, 1-23. doi: 10.1111/raq.12365.
  • Lin, R.J., Chen, C.Y., Lu, C.M., Ma, Y.H., Chung, L.Y et al. (2014). Anthelmintic constituents from ginger (Zingiber offininale) against Hymenolepis nana. Acta Tropica, 140, 50-60. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2014.07.009.
  • Ling, F. E. I., Jiang, C., Liu, G., Li, M., & Wang, G. (2015). Anthelmintic efficacy of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid from cortex cinnamon essential oil against Dactylogyrus intermedius. Parasitology, 142(14), 1744-1750.
  • Malmberg, G. (1970). The excretory system and the marginal hooks as a basis for the systematics of Gyrodactylus (Trematoda, Monogenea). Ark Zoology, 23:235.
  • Neary, E.T, Develi, N., & Ozgul, G. (2012). Occurrence of Dactylogyrus species (Platyhelminths, Monogenean) on Cyprinids in Almus Dam Lake, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 12, 15–21. doi: 10.4194/1303-2712-v12_1_03.
  • Oliveira Hashimoto, G. S., Neto, F. M., Ruiz, M. L., Acchile, M., Chagas, E. C., Chaves, F. C. M., & Martins, M. L. (2016). Essential oils of Lippia sidoides and Mentha piperita against monogenean parasites and their influence on the hematology of Nile tilapia. Aquaculture, 450, 182-186.
  • Park, H.M, Kim, J., Chang, K.S., Kim, B.S., Yang, Y.J., Kim et al. (2011). Larvicidal activity of myrtaceae essential oils and their components against Aedes aegypti acute toxicity on Daphnia magna and aqueous residue. Journal of Medical Entomology, 48 (2), 405-410. doi: 10.1603/ME10108.
  • Pavanelli, G.C., Eiras, J.C., & Takemoto, R.M (editors) (2002). Doenças de peixes: profilaxia, diagnóstico e tratamento. Maringá, EDUEM.
  • Puk, K., & Guz, L. (2014). Effects of medical plant extracts on the growth of the fish parasite Spironucleus vortens. Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 70 (3), 165-168.
  • Ramudu, D.K.R., & Gadadhar. (2013). A Review on Herbal Drugs Against Harmfull Pathogens in Aquaculture. American Journal of Drug Discovery and Development, 3 (4), 209-219. doi: 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.01.014.
  • Reddy, M.K., Gupta, S.K., Jacob, M.R., Khan, S.I., & Ferreira, D. (2007). Antioxidant, Antimalarial and Antimicrobial Activities of Tannin-Rich Fractions, Ellagitannins and Phenolic Acids from Punica granatum L. Planta Medica, 73 (5), 461-467. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-967167.
  • Reverter, M., Bontemps, N., Lecchini, D.L, Banaigs, B., & Sasal, P. (2014). Use of plant extracts in fish aquaculture as an alternative to chemotherapy: Current status and future perspectives. Aquaculture, 433, 50-61. doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.05.048.
  • Santoro, G.F., Cardoso, M.G., Guimarães, L.G.L., Mendonça, L.Z., & Soares, M.J. (2007). Trypanosoma cruzi: Activity of essential oils from Achillea millefolium L., Syzygium aromaticum L. and Ocimum basilicum L. on epimastigotes and trypomastigotes. Experimental Parasitology, 116 (3), 283–290. doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2007.01.018.
  • Schmahl, G., & Mehlhorn, H. (1985). Treatment of fish parasites. 1. Praziquantel effective against Monogenea (Dactylogyrus vastator, Dactylogyrus extensus, Diplozoon paradoxum). Zeitschrift Für Parasitenkunde, 71 (6), 727–737.
  • Schmahl, G., Mehlhorn, H., & Haberkorn, A. (1988). Sym. Triazinone (toltrazuril) effective against fish-parasitizing Monogenea. Parasitology Research, 75 (1), 67–68.
  • Soares, B. V., Neves, L. R., Ferreira, D. O., Oliveira, M. S. B., Chaves, F. C. M., Chagas, E. C., & Tavares-Dias, M. (2017). Antiparasitic activity, histopathology and physiology of Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) exposed to the essential oil of Lippia sidoides (Verbenaceae). Veterinary Parasitology, 234, 49-56.
  • Soler-Jiménez, L. C., Paredes-Trujillo, A. I., & Vidal-Martínez, V. M. (2017). Helminth parasites of finfish commercial aquaculture in Latin America. Journal of Helminthology, 91(2), 110-136.
  • Syahidah, A., Saad, C.R., Daud, H.M., & Abdelhadi, Y.M. (2015). Status and potential of herbal applications in aquaculture: A review. Iranian Journal of Fisheries Sciences, 14 (1), 27-44. doi:10.22092/IJFS.2018.114421.
  • Tavares-Dias, M. (2018). Current knowledge on use of essential oils as alternative treatment against fish parasites. Aquatic Living Resources, 31 (13), 1-11. doi: 10.1051/alr/2018001.
  • Topić, P.N., Hacmanjek, M., & Teskeredžić, E. (2001). Health status of rudd (Scardinius erythrophthalmus hesperidicus H.) in Lake Vrana on the Island of Cres, Croatia. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 17 (1), 43-45. doi: 10.1046/j.1439-0426.2001.00236.x.
  • Trasviña-Moreno, A.G., Ascencio, F., Angulo, C., Hutson, K.S., Avilés-Quevedo, A et al. (2017). Plant extracts as a natural treatment against the fish ectoparasite Neobenedenia sp. (Monogenea: Capsalidae). Journal of Helminthology, 93 (1), 57-65. doi: 10.1017/S0022149X17001122.
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  • Wink, M. (2012). Medicinal Plants: A Source of Anti-Parasitic Secondary Metabolites. Molecules, 17 (11), 12771-12791. doi: 10.3390/molecules171112771.
  • Yang, B.J., Zou, H., Zhou, S., Wu, S.G., Wang, G.T et al. (2016). Seasonal dynamics and spatial distribution of the Dactylogyrus species on the gills of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) from a fish pond in Wuhan, China. Journal of Parasitology, 102 (5), 507–513. doi: 10.1645/15-931.
  • Yao, J.Y., Zhou, Z.M., Pay, X.Y., & Hao, G.J. (2011). In vivo anthelmintic activity of chelidonine from Chelidonium majus L. against Dactylogyrus intermedius in Carassius auratus. Parasitology Research, 109 (5), 1465–1469. doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2416-2.
  • Yavuzcan Yildiz, H., Atar, H.H, Pulatsü, S. (2020). Türkiye Ziraat Mühendisliği IX. Teknik Kongresi Bildirgesi Kitabı-2, Ankara, 299-319.
  • Yavuzcan Yildiz, H., & Bekcan, S. (2020). Control of ectoparasitosis in carp (Cyprinus carpio) induced by Gyrodactylus elegans (Monogenea) with garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa) extracts. Ecocycles, 6(1), 10-17.
  • Yildiz, H.Y., Phan, Q.V., Parisi, G., & Dam, M.S. (2019). Anti-parasitic activity of garlic (Allium sativum) and onion (Allium cepa) juice against crustacean parasite, Lernantropus kroyeri, found on European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Italian Journal of Animal Science, 18 (1), 833–837. doi: 10.1080/1828051X.2019.1593058.
  • Yones, D.A., Badary, D.M., Sayed, H.M.B., Bayoumi, S.A.H., Khalifa, A.A et al. (2016). Comparative Evaluation of Anthelmintic Activity of Edible and Ornamental Pomegranate Ethanolic Extracts against Schistosoma mansoni. BioMed Research International, 2016 (5), 1-15. doi.org/10.1155/2016/2872708.
  • Zoral, M. A., Futami, K., Endo, M., Maita, M., & Katagiri, T. (2017). Anthelmintic activity of Rosmarinus officinalis against Dactylogyrus minutus (Monogenea) infections in Cyprinus carpio. Veterinary parasitology, 247, 1-6.
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Quyet Phan Van 0000-0002-7246-2568

Bilgenur Harmanşa Yılmaz 0000-0003-0679-8327

Hijran Yavuzcan 0000-0001-6567-7467

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Mart 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

APA Phan Van, Q., Harmanşa Yılmaz, B., & Yavuzcan, H. (2021). In vitro Antiparasitic Activity of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Bulb and Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Peel Against Monogenean Fish Parasite., Dactylogyrus sp. Acta Aquatica Turcica, 17(1), 56-63. https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.751913