Introduction:Complete and accurate medical records are critical not only for the continuity of clinical care but also for ensuring fair judicial decisions in forensic processes. Missing or incorrect documents negatively affect patient safety as well as the preparation of forensic reports.Materials and Methods:In this retrospective-cross-sectional study, 47,500 case files referred to the 7th Specialization Board of the Council of Forensic Medicine between 2019 and 2025 were reviewed. A total of 1,000 files, in which forensic evaluation could not be completed due to medical record deficiencies, were included. Demographic characteristics, hospital type, clinical branch, missing document types, and the nature of the deficiencies were analyzed. Fisher’s exact and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical evaluation.Results:Of the cases, 63.6% were female and 36.4% male; the most common age group was 36-45 years. Deficiencies were more frequent in private healthcare institutions (68%) than in public hospitals (32%). The most frequently missing documents were discharge summaries (n=636), operative/procedure notes (n=404), and follow-up notes. The most common combinations were discharge+operative notes (n=88) and discharge+radiology records (n=76). The most frequent deficiency type was “absence” (63.2%), followed by “incompleteness” (33.2%). Multiple document deficiencies were detected in 34.7% of private hospitals and 15.0% of public hospitals (p<0.0001). By specialty, the highest rate was in dentistry (25.2%), and the lowest in pediatrics (7.4%).Discussion:Deficiencies were mainly concentrated in discharge summaries and operative notes, with multiple deficiencies being more frequent in private hospitals. This may reflect institutional differences in templates and auditing processes. Such gaps limit forensic expert evaluations and increase reliance on judicial discretion.Conclusion:Incomplete or incorrect medical documentation undermines both clinical quality and the reliability of forensic processes. Standardized templates for discharge summaries and operative notes, routine auditing-feedback systems, and secure electronic archiving are essential to ensure robust forensic evaluations.