Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the cagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR

Yasemin Üstündağ; Anil Kavuk; Zülal Aşçı Toraman; Mehmet Tan; Yasemin Kavuk; Kadir Ziya Karadağ; Pınar Öner

doi:10.46332/aemj.1919535

Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the cagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR

Abstract

Purpose: Nasal polyps are inflammatory lesions of the sinonasal mucosa and may be influenced by microbial factors. Helicobacter pylori and its cagA gene are of interest because of their possible association with mucosal inflammation. This study aimed to detect H. pylori DNA and the cagA gene in nasal polyp tissues by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 45 nasal polyp specimens from patients undergoing surgery. Genomic DNA was extracted using a commercial kit. PCR analysis targeted the glmM gene for H. pylori detection and the cagA gene for assessment of virulence-associated genetic material. Positive and negative controls were included. Demographic variables and PCR positivity rates were evaluated descriptively, and associations with age groups were assessed statistically.

Results: All samples were successfully analyzed. The group included 26 men (57.78%) and 19 women (42.22%), aged 15-75 years. glmM-based H. pylori positivity was detected in 19 samples (42.22%), whereas 26 (57.78%) were negative. cagA positivity was found in 16 samples (35.55%), whereas 29 (64.45%) were negative. Although glmM and cagA positivity rates were numerically higher in the 50-59 and 60-75-year age groups, no significant association was found between age group and PCR positivity.

Conclusion: PCR analysis demonstrated H. pylori DNA and the cagA gene in a subset of nasal polyp tissues, suggesting a possible association between microbial genetic material and the chronic inflammatory microenvironment. However, PCR positivity alone does not prove viable bacteria, active colonization, or causality. Larger controlled studies integrating molecular, microbiological, and clinical parameters are needed.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, prior to the study (Decision No: 26946; Date: 13.09.2024). Written informed consent was obtained from all patients before surgery. Throughout the study, patient information was anonymized, and all procedures were conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Infectious Diseases, Clinical Microbiology

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Yasemin Üstündağ
0000-0003-3317-0279
Türkiye

Anil Kavuk
0009-0005-0164-3141
Türkiye

Zülal Aşçı Toraman
0000-0001-5202-8564
Türkiye

Mehmet Tan
0000-0001-8557-0886
Türkiye

Yasemin Kavuk
0009-0000-7988-4889
Türkiye

Kadir Ziya Karadağ
0009-0009-2238-8839
Türkiye

Pınar Öner ^*
0000-0001-9592-5986
Türkiye

Publication Date

August 31, 2026

Submission Date

March 31, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 6, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 10 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1919535

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA77AC45WN

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Üstündağ, Y., Kavuk, A., Aşçı Toraman, Z., Tan, M., Kavuk, Y., Karadağ, K. Z., & Öner, P. (2026). Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the cagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR. Ahi Evran Medical Journal, 10(2), 265-274. https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1919535

AMA

1.Üstündağ Y, Kavuk A, Aşçı Toraman Z, et al. Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the cagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR. Ahi Evran Med J. 2026;10(2):265-274. doi:10.46332/aemj.1919535

Chicago

Üstündağ, Yasemin, Anil Kavuk, Zülal Aşçı Toraman, et al. 2026. “Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the CagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR”. Ahi Evran Medical Journal 10 (2): 265-74. https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1919535.

EndNote

Üstündağ Y, Kavuk A, Aşçı Toraman Z, Tan M, Kavuk Y, Karadağ KZ, Öner P (August 1, 2026) Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the cagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR. Ahi Evran Medical Journal 10 2 265–274.

IEEE

[1]Y. Üstündağ et al., “Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the cagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR”, Ahi Evran Med J, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 265–274, Aug. 2026, doi: 10.46332/aemj.1919535.

ISNAD

Üstündağ, Yasemin - Kavuk, Anil - Aşçı Toraman, Zülal - Tan, Mehmet - Kavuk, Yasemin - Karadağ, Kadir Ziya - Öner, Pınar. “Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the CagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR”. Ahi Evran Medical Journal 10/2 (August 1, 2026): 265-274. https://doi.org/10.46332/aemj.1919535.

JAMA

1.Üstündağ Y, Kavuk A, Aşçı Toraman Z, Tan M, Kavuk Y, Karadağ KZ, Öner P. Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the cagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR. Ahi Evran Med J. 2026;10:265–274.

MLA

Üstündağ, Yasemin, et al. “Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the CagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR”. Ahi Evran Medical Journal, vol. 10, no. 2, Aug. 2026, pp. 265-74, doi:10.46332/aemj.1919535.

Vancouver

1.Yasemin Üstündağ, Anil Kavuk, Zülal Aşçı Toraman, Mehmet Tan, Yasemin Kavuk, Kadir Ziya Karadağ, Pınar Öner. Investigation of the Presence of Helicobacter Pylori and the cagA Gene in Nasal Polyp Tissues by PCR. Ahi Evran Med J. 2026 Aug. 1;10(2):265-74. doi:10.46332/aemj.1919535