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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">1303-6629</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2149-0600</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Türk Gastroenteroloji Vakfı</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17941/agd.1932593</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Gastroenterology and Hepatology</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Gastroenteroloji ve Hepatoloji</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                        <article-title>Clinical and laboratory characteristics of Helicobacter pylori serology in patients with diabetic foot infection: A retrospective case-control study</article-title>
                                                                                                                                                                                                <trans-title-group xml:lang="tr">
                                    <trans-title>Diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonu olan hastalarda Helicobacter pylori serolojisinin klinik ve laboratuvar özellikleri: Retrospektif vaka-kontrol çalışması</trans-title>
                                </trans-title-group>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2245-5941</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Aydın</surname>
                                    <given-names>Gökhan</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Gastroenterology, Giresun University School of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1367-793X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Özzengin</surname>
                                    <given-names>Emrah</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Internal Medicine, Giresun University School of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4426-3342</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Aksoy</surname>
                                    <given-names>İskender</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Emergency Medicine, Giresun University School of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9328-5185</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Dülger</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ahmet</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Gastroenterology, Giresun University School of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5926-5375</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Aslan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Sefer</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Internal Medicine, Giresun University School of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8499-1926</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Kuloğlu</surname>
                                    <given-names>Ersin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>Department of Internal Medicine, Giresun University School of Medicine, Giresun, Turkey</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20260421">
                    <day>04</day>
                    <month>21</month>
                    <year>2026</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>25</volume>
                                        <issue>1</issue>
                                        <fpage>11</fpage>
                                        <lpage>18</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20260119">
                        <day>01</day>
                        <month>19</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20260316">
                        <day>03</day>
                        <month>16</month>
                        <year>2026</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2010, Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2010</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Akademik Gastroenteroloji Dergisi</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                <abstract><p>Background and Aims: Helicobacter pylori infection is not limited to gastrointestinal diseases and has been associated with systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. Emerging evidence suggests that Helicobacter pylori may influence glycemic control and vascular complications in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin A and immunoblobulin G seropositivity and diabetic foot infection in patients with diabetes mellitus presenting with dyspeptic symptoms. Materials and Method: This retrospective study was conducted between 2023 and 2024 and included 34 patients followed for complicated diabetic foot infection with documented Helicobacter pylori serological data and 34 age- and sex-matched controls without diabetic foot infection. Demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G seropositivity rates were compared between groups. Results:  Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin A positivity was significantly higher in the patient group than in controls (73.5% vs. 29.4%; p = 0.0006), whereas Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin G positivity did not differ between groups. Patients with diabetic foot infection showed significantly higher inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and neutrophil counts compared with controls. Conclusion: Helicobacter pylori immunoglobulin A seropositivity was significantly more frequent in patients with diabetic foot infection compared with controls and may reflect increased systemic inflammatory burden in this population. However, because serological tests have limited specificity for detecting active Helicobacter pylori infection, these findings should be interpreted cautiously and considered hypothesis-generating. Larger prospective studies using more accurate diagnostic methods are required to clarify the clinical relevance of this association and to determine whether Helicobacter pylori eradication may influence clinical outcomes in diabetic foot infection.</p></abstract>
                                                                                                                                    <trans-abstract xml:lang="tr">
                            <p>Giriş ve Amaç: Helicobacter pylori enfeksiyonu yalnızca gastrointestinal hastalıklarla sınırlı olmayıp sistemik inflamasyon, endotelyal disfonksiyon ve metabolik bozukluklarla da ilişkilendirilmiştir. Giderek artan kanıtlar, Helicobacter pylori’nin diyabetes mellituslu hastalarda glisemik kontrolü ve vasküler komplikasyonları etkileyebileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışma, dispeptik semptomlar gösteren diyabetes mellituslu hastalarda Helicobacter pylori immünglobulin A ve immünglobulin G seropozitifliği ile diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonu arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: 2023-2024 yılları arasında gerçekleştirilen bu retrospektif çalışmaya, komplike diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonu tanısı ile izlenen ve Helicobacter pylori serolojik verileri bulunan 34 hasta ile yaş ve cinsiyet açısından eşleştirilmiş, diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonu olmayan 34 kontrol olgu dahil edildi. Demografik özellikler, laboratuvar parametreleri ve Helicobacter pylori immünglobulin A ve immünglobulin G seropozitiflik oranları gruplar arasında karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Helicobacter pylori immünglobulin A pozitifliği hasta grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (%73.5 vs. %29.4; p = 0.0006), Helicobacter pylori immünglobulin G pozitifliği açısından ise anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Hasta grubunda inflamasyon belirteçleri (C-reaktif protein, sedimantasyon), nötrofil sayısında artış gözlendi. Sonuç: Diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonu olan hastalarda Helicobacter pylori immünglobulin A seropozitifliği kontrollere göre anlamlı derecede daha sık görülmüştür ve bu durum bu popülasyondaki sistemik inflamatuvar yükün artışını yansıtabilir. Bununla birlikte, serolojik testlerin aktif Helicobacter pylori enfeksiyonunu tespit etmede sınırlı özgüllüğe sahip olması nedeniyle, bu bulgular dikkatli bir şekilde yorumlanmalı ve hipotez oluşturucu olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Bu ilişkinin klinik önemini açıklığa kavuşturmak ve Helicobacter pylori eradikasyonunun diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonunda klinik sonuçları etkileyip etkilemediğini belirlemek için daha doğru tanı yöntemleri kullanan daha büyük prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.</p></trans-abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                            <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Diabetic foot infection</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Helicobacter pylori</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Helicobacter pylori seropositivity</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  systemic inflammation</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                        
                                                                            <kwd-group xml:lang="tr">
                                                    <kwd>Diyabetik ayak enfeksiyonu</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Helicobacter pylori</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Helicobacter pylori seropozitifliği</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  sistemik inflamasyon</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                                                                                                            </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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