hbv-hfd Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 2651-4141 2667-4068 Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi 10.34246/ahbvuhfd.1596612 Law in Context (Other) Hukuk (Diğer) Legality Of Asat Tests Within The Framework Of Fundamental Sources Of Space Law Uzay Hukukunun Temel Kaynakları Çerçevesinde ASAT Testlerinin Hukukiliği https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0839-4484 Seyitoğlu Zeynep ANKARA HACI BAYRAM VELİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ, HUKUK FAKÜLTESİ 04 28 2025 29 2 753 804 12 05 2024 04 01 2025 Copyright © 1997, Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi 1997 Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Dergisi

Today, satellites for many civil and military purposes constitute an important part of space technology. Space debris caused by ASAT tests targeting satellites in low orbit can have risky consequences both in terms of pollution of the space environment and the safety of other satellites in orbit. In addition, the potential for ASAT technology to be used as a space weapon threatens space as a safe and sustainable space allocated to all humanity, intended to be used exclusively for peaceful purposes. On 14 February 2024, the legality of the ASAT technology has been discussed again with the reports based on US intelligence that Russia attempted to develop and deploy nuclear-tipped ASAT weapons in space. This study aims to determine whether ASAT tests are lawful within the framework of the main international treaties on space law and the work carried out at the UN in the context of space security.

Günümüzde birçok sivil ve askeri amaca yönelmiş uydular uzay teknolojisinin önemli bir ayağını oluşturmaktadır. Alçak yörüngedeki uyduları hedef alan ASAT testlerinin yol açabileceği uzay enkazının hem uzay çevresinin kirlenmesi hem de yörüngedeki diğer uyduların güvenliği bakımından riskli sonuçları olabilmektedir. Bunun yanında ASAT teknolojisinin bir uzay silahı olarak kullanılabilme potansiyeli, uzayın bütün insanlığa tahsis olunmuş, münhasıran barışçıl amaçlar için kullanılması öngörülmüş, güvenli ve sürdürülebilir bir alan olmasını tehdit etmektedir. 14 Şubat 2024’te Rusya'nın uzayda nükleer başlıklı ASAT silahları geliştirme ve konuşlandırma girişiminde bulunduğuna dair ABD istihbaratına dayanan raporların gündeme gelmesiyle, ASAT teknolojisinin hukukiliği tekrar tartışılmaya başlamıştır. Bu çalışma, ASAT testlerinin, uzay hukukuna ilişkin temel uluslararası antlaşmalar ve BM nezdinde uzay güvenliği bağlamında yürütülen çalışmalar çerçevesinde hukuka uygun olup olmadığını ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır.

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