Economic Norms Theory (ENT) implies that anti-modernist and anti-market values flourish in countries where the central authority poorly monitors contracts that bind economic transactions. Decades of research show that ENT astutely predicts civil war and interstate war incidents, as well as people’s support for war, and suicide bombing in defense of Islam. This paper investigates the association between contract enforcement and anti-Americanism, which is the ENT’s core, yet is a statistically under-evaluated implication. Accordingly, in countries with poor economic contract monitoring, power-contending elites can attribute the resultant loss of prosperity to the USA and relatedly spread anti- American values among citizens. It is the urban poor who are cognitively most available to adopt such elite-driven anti-Americanism since they tend to be hurt most socially and economically by unfulfilled market contracts. To investigate this argument, I statistically estimate random intercept models on a sample of Pew Global Attitudes Project’s 2013 survey results. I observe that a three-way interaction among individuals’ urbanity, poverty, and their nations’ poor contract enforcement indicators increase anti-Americanism.
Anti-Americanism urban poverty Economic Norms Theory Hierarchical Modelling
Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
---|---|
Konular | Amerika Çalışmaları, Uluslararası İlişkiler (Diğer) |
Bölüm | Makaleler |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 16 Temmuz 2024 |
Gönderilme Tarihi | 16 Kasım 2023 |
Kabul Tarihi | 9 Şubat 2024 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 |
Widening the World of IR