Transcending Hegemonic International Relations Theorization: Nothingness, Re-Worlding, and Balance of Relationship

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 19 - 42, 02.05.2017

Chih-yu Shih

https://doi.org/10.20991/allazimuth.310126

Cited By: 1

Abstract

The manuscript compares the World History Standpoint promoted by the

Kyoto School of Philosophy with two other competitors – post-Western reworlding

and the Chinese balance of relationships - in their shared campaign

for alternative international relations theory. The World History Standpoint

explains how nations influenced by major power politics judge their conditions

and rely on combining existing cultural resources to make sense of their

place in world politics. It predicts that international systemic stability cannot

be maintained over a set of congruent identities because history’s longevity

allows for previous politically incorrect identities to return in due time with

proper clues. It specifically predicts that nations caught between different

identities will experience cycles in their international relations; nations with

an expansive scope of international relations or declining from the hegemonic

status will adopt balance of relationships; and less influential nations will

practically reinterpret hegemonic order to meet their otherwise inexpressible

motivations. Accordingly, Japan will be focused upon as an exemplary case for

World History Standpoint; Taiwan for re-worlding; and China for balance of

relationships. The paper touches upon theoretical implications of their conflicts.

Keywords

The Kyoto School of Philosophy, place of nothingness, Japan, China, Taiwan, balance of relationship

Hegemonik Uluslararası İlişkiler Teorisini Aşmak: Hiçlik, Re-Worlding ve İlişkiler Dengesi

Abstract

Bu makale, Kyoto Felsefe Okulu tarafından ortaya
atılan Dünya Tarihi Yaklaşımı ile iki rakibini 
- Batı-sonrası Re-Worlding ve
Çinli ilişkiler dengesini-  alternatif bir
uluslararası ilişkiler teorisi oluşturma çabaları yönünden karşılaştırmaktadır.
Dünya Tarihi Yaklaşımı, büyük güç siyasetinden etkilenen ulusların içinde
bulundukları koşulları nasıl değerlendirdiklerini ve dünya siyasetindeki
yerlerini anlamlandırmak için mevcut kültür kaynaklarının biraraya
getirilmesine nasıl bel bağladıklarını açıklar. Bu görüş, uluslararası sistemin
istikrarının bir dizi birbirine uyumlu kimlik yoluyla korunamayacağı tahmininde
bulunur, çünkü tarih daha önceki “siyaseten hatalı” kimliklerin belli bir süre
sonunda tüm gereklilikleriyle beraber geri dönmesine izin verecek kadar
uzundur. Bu yaklaşım özellikle, farklı kimlikler arasında kalan ulusların
uluslararası ilişkilerde farklı döngüler yaşayacaklarını; genişleyen
uluslararası ilişkilere sahip ulusların ya da 
hegemonya statüsünden düşmekte olanların ilişkiler dengesini
benimseyeceklerini; daha az nüfuzlu ulusların ise aksi halde ifade edemedikleri
motivasyonlarını karşılamak için hegemonya düzenini pratik olarak yeniden
yorumlayacaklarını öngörür. Bu anlamda, birer vaka çalışması olarak Dünya Tarihi Yaklaşımı için Japonya; re-worlding için
Tayvan ve ilişkiler dengesi için de Çin ele alınacaktır. Makalede bu ülkeler
arasındaki çatışmaların kuramsal sonuçlarına değinilmektedir.

Keywords

Kyoto Okulu, Hiçlik, Nishida Kitaro, İlişkiler Dengesi, Çin, Tayvan, Japonya

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