ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN TURKEY WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ECOSYSTEM APPROACH: AN EVALUATION OF STRENGHTS AND WEAKNESSSES

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 3, 70 - 100, 25.09.2023

Banu Metin

https://doi.org/10.53443/anadoluibfd.1242246

Öz

The entrepreneurship ecosystem approach, which has become dominant in studies in the field of entrepreneurship since the 2000s, adopts an inclusive and holistic perspective, considering the economic, social, political and cultural conditions of the countries, instead of addressing entrepreneurship at the individual or firm level. Increasing production, employment and total welfare by supporting entrepreneurship has become much more important today. This study aims to explain the entrepreneurship ecosystem approach and to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of entrepreneurship in Turkey based on the Global Entrepreneurship Index, which is used to measure the entrepreneurship ecosystem, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor data that reveals the entrepreneurship profiles of the countries and the studies in the literature. As a result of the evaluation, dynamic market conditions, technology absorption, existence of businesses with high job expectations, and the proportion of people who think they have start-up skills stand out as the relative strengths of Turkey. However, risk taking, opportunity perception, cultural support, competitive conditions, human capital, internationalization and process innovation are domains where Turkey is relatively weak and needs improvement.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Ecosystem, Global Entrepreneurship Index, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, Türkiye

GİRİŞİMCİLİK EKOSİSTEMİ YAKLAŞIMI KAPSAMINDA TÜRKİYE’DE GİRİŞİMCİLİK: GÜÇLÜ VE ZAYIF YÖNLERE İLİŞKİN BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Öz

Girişimcilik alanındaki çalışmalarda 2000’li yıllardan itibaren hâkim hale gelen girişimcilik ekosistemi yaklaşımı girişimciliği bireysel ya da firma düzeyinde ele almak yerine ülkelerin içinde bulundukları ekonomik, sosyal, siyasi ve kültürel koşulları dikkate alarak kapsayıcı ve bütüncül bir perspektifi benimsemektedir. Girişimciliğin desteklenmesi yoluyla üretimin, istihdamın ve toplam refahın artırılması günümüzde çok daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, girişimcilik ekosistemi yaklaşımını açıklayarak, girişimcilik ekosisteminin ölçülmesinde kullanılan Küresel Girişimcilik Endeksi ve ülkelerin girişimcilik profillerini ortaya koyan Küresel Girişimcilik Monitörü verisine ve literatürdeki çalışmalara dayalı olarak Türkiye’de girişimciliğin güçlü ve zayıf yönlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda, dinamik piyasa koşulları, teknolojiye yatkınlık, iş beklentisi yüksek işletmelerin varlığı, başlangıç becerilerine sahip olduğunu düşünen insanların oranı Türkiye’nin görece güçlü yönleri olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, risk alma, fırsat algısı, kültürel destek, rekabet koşulları, beşerî sermaye, uluslararasılaşma ve süreç yeniliği Türkiye’nin görece zayıf kaldığı ve geliştirilmesi gereken alanlardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Girişimcilik, Girişimcilik Ekosistemi, Küresel Girişimcilik Endeksi, Küresel Girişimcilik Monitörü, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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