Antibacterial Activity and Effects of Drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera) Leaf Aqueous Extract on Disease Resistance of Striped Catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) Against Edwardsiella ictaluri Infection

Abstract

This study evaluated the antibacterial activity of aqueous extract of Drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera) (MLEA) and investigated the effect of dietary inclusion of MLAE to check the disease resistance of stripped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) against E. ictaluri. Juvenile f ish of 13.4 ± 2.1 g were fed four groups of MLAE diets including Control (0%), T1 (1%), T2 (1.5%), and T3 (2%) for 28 days. Hematological, innate, and humoral immune responses were assessed before and after challenge with E. ictaluri. The antimicrobial activity results of MLAE showed that inhibition zones of 15.3, 15.8 and 16 mm at 50, 100 and 200 mg/ml, and bactericidal activity at MIC (Minimal inhibition concentration) = MBC (Minimal bactericidal concentration) = 6.25 mg/ml. MLAE contained 38.05 mg GAE/g polyphenols and 278.11 mg OAE/ g saponins. The dietary supplementation of 1.5% MLAE significantly improved hematological indices and immune responses in post challenged fish, leading to the highest survival rate, statistical differences (P < 0.05). These findings highlight the potential of MLAE at 1.5% as an effective dietary inclusion level for striped catfish to provide resistance against E. ictaluri.

Keywords

• Drumstick tree
• Moringa oleifera
• antimicrobial activity
• Pangasianodon hypopthalmus
• disease resistance
• Edwardsiella ictaluri

Supporting Institution

Nong Lam University, Vietnam

Project Number

CS-CB24-TS-01

Ethical Statement

This study was carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations of Nong Lam university, and the protocol was approved by the Local Ethical Committee for Experiments on Animals of the Nong Lam University, Vietnam (Project Number: NLU-240808, August-15th-2024)

Thanks

The authors thank Nong Lam University for laboratory support.

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