Comparions of Tourism Competitiveness Between Turkey and Mediterranean Countries

Yıl 2005, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 2, 139 - 152, 01.12.2005

Ozan Bahar Metin Kozak

Öz

Today, many countries with the appropriate tourism potential are seen to have a cutthroat competition in order to obtain the necessary foreign exchange, job opportunities, improve the market share and the national income for economic improvement-development. The prior objective of this study is to determine possible factors, which mark out Turkey's comparative competition power in the Mediterranean Area from the point of tourism. To serve this objective, a research was made in the sample area of Mugla in the July-August 2004 period, including 881 foreign tourists, and a total of 429 sector representatives from accommodation establishments, travel agencies and tour guides. The research displays that Turkey's closest competitors in the Mediterranean Area are Spain, Greece, Italy, France and Cyprus. Nonetheless, it is seen that the most positive factor that affects the competition power of Turkey in the international tourism sector is hospitality and the most negative one is distance. At the end of the study, according to the findings, suggestions to theory and to representatives of the sector are mentioned.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Turkey, tourism, international tourism, competitive power, Mugla, international competition, mediterranean countries, tourism potential, questionnaire, tourist perceptions, tourism enterprises, tourism marketing, tourism sector

Türkiye Turizminin Akdeniz Ülkeleri ile Rekabet Gücü Açısından Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Günümüzde; uygun turizm potansiyele sahip birçok ülkenin ekonomik büyüme-kalkınmaları için gerekli olan döviz girdisini sağlamak, istihdam olanaklarını, pazar payını ve ulusal gelirini arttırmak amacıyla uluslararası turizm piyasasında birbirleri ile kıyasıya bir rekabet içinde oldukları görülmektedir. Çalışmanın öncelikli amacı, Türkiye'de turizm sektörü açısından Akdeniz Bölgesi içindeki karşılaştırmalı rekabet gücünü belirleyen faktörlerin neler olabileceğinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla, Türkiye geneli için örnek seçilen Muğla bölgesinde, Temmuz-Ağustos 2004 dönemi gelen toplam 881 yabancı turist ile konaklama işletmeleri, seyahat acenteleri ve tur rehberlerinden oluşan 429 sektör temsilcisine yönelik bir araştırma yapılmıştır. Yapılan araştırma, Türkiye'nin Akdeniz bölgesindeki en yakın rakiplerinin; İspanya, Yunanistan, İtalya, Fransa ve Kıbrıs olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bununla birlikte, Türkiye'nin uluslararası turizm sektöründeki rekabet gücünü en olumlu etkileyen faktörün konukseverlik ve en olumsuz etkileyen faktörün ise uzaklık olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonucunda, araştırma bulguları ışığında, teoriye ve sektör temsilcilerine yinelik önerilere de yer verilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Türkiye, turizm, uluslararası turizm, rekabet gücü, Muğla, uluslararası rekabet, akdeniz ülkeleri, turizm potansiyeli, anket, turist algılamaları, turizm işletmeleri, turizm pazarlaması, turizm sektörü

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