Preparation and Characterisation of Activated Carbon From Pumpkin Seed Shell Using H3PO4

Abstract

In this study, activated carbons were produced from pumpkin seed shell by chemical activation. In chemical activation, H₃PO₄ was used as chemical agent. The effects of impregnation ratio (IR) and activation temperature were investigated. Activation temperatures and impregnation ratios were selected in the range of 400–600 °C and 1–3, respectively. The surface area, pore volumes, pore size distribution and average pore diameter of the activated carbons were characterized by N₂ adsorption at 77 K using the BET, t-plot and DFT methods. The highest BET surface area and total pore volume of the activated carbon was obtained as 1421 m²/g and 0.908 cm³/g at500 °C activation temperature and at an impregnation ratio of 2, respectively. The morphology and functional groups present were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The experimental results show that the activation temperature and the impregnation ratio have a significant effect on the pore structure of the activated carbon and pumpkin seed shell seemed to be an alternative precursor for the commercial activated carbon productions.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON FROM PUMPKIN SEED SHELL USING H3PO4

Abstract

Bu çalışmada kabak çekirdeği kabuğundan kimyasal aktivasyon ile aktif karbon üretilmiştir. Kimyasal aktivasyonda kimyasal olarak H3PO4 kullanılmıştır. Emdirme oranı ve aktivasyon sıcaklığının etkileri incelenmiştir. Aktivasyon sıcaklığı ve emdirme oranı sırasıyla 400-600 oC ve 1-3 olarak seçilmiştir. Aktif karbonun yüzey alanı, gözenek hacmi, gözenek boyut dağılımı ve ortalama gözenek çapı 77 K de azot adsorpsiyonu ile BET, t-plot ve DFT yöntemleri kullanılarak karakterize edilmiştir. Aktif karbonun en yüksek BET yüzey alanı ve toplam gözenek hacmi 500 oC aktivasyon sıcaklığı ve emdirme oranı 2 de sırasıyla 1421 m/g ve 0.908 cm3/g olarak elde edilmiştir. Yüzey morfolojisi ve fonksiyonel grupları taramalı electron mikroskobu (SEM) ve Fourier transform infrared spektroskopisi (FTIR) ile incelenmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlar aktivasyon sıcaklığı ve emdirme oranının aktif karbonun gözenek yapısında önemli etkiye sahip olduğu ve kabak çekirdeği kabuğunun ticari aktif karbon üretimi için alternatif hammadde olduğunu göstermiştir

Keywords

• Kabak çekirdeği kabuğu, Kimyasal aktivasyon, Aktif karbon, Yapısal karakterizasyon

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