INTERPOLATION METHODS FOR RECOVERING THE SAMPLING VALUES OF GPR DATA

Year 2017, Volume: 59 Issue: 2, 11 - 20, 17.12.2017

Merve Özkan Okay Refik Samet

Abstract

Ground Penetrating
Radar (GPR) is widely used to acquire the data from near surface depth. The
acquired GPR data allow the users to investigate and examine the underground
structures (anomalies) easily, quickly and accurately without any excavation.
In GPR studies, data collection parameters such as the profile interval and
step size, which can be controlled by users, play an important role in the
identification of underground structures. But search area properties such as
uneven surface, the presence of archaeological and other obstacles cannot be
controlled by users. The obtained accuracy depends on the completeness and
resolution of acquired GPR data. Due to some research area properties the data
acquired from the search area may become incomplete and inadequate. Before
analyzing, visualization and interpretation of the underground structures, the
incomplete GPR data should be recovered. In this paper, nonstandard
interpolation method are proposed for completing the missing data. The proposed
methods were implemented on the real GPR data acquired from the test area. The
obtained results showed that the similarity of the produced data as quite
closer to the original data.

 

Keywords

Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), Sampling Value, GPR Data, Underground Structures (Anomalies), Incomplete Data, Interpolation Methods

References

• Annan, A.P. 2009. Electromagnetic Principles of Ground Penetrating Radar. In Ground Penetrating Radar: Theory and Applications, edited by Harry M. Jol, pp. 3-40. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
• Benesty, J., Chen, J., Huang, Y. and Cohen, I. 2009. Pearson correlation coefficient. Noise reduction in speech processing. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1-4.
• Bristow, C.S. and Jol H.M. 2003. GPR in sediments: advice on data collection, basic processing and interpretation, a good practice guide. Geological Society: London, Special Publication 211; 9-28.
• Cassidy, N.J. 2009b. Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Rocks, Soils and Fluids. In: Ground Penetrating Radar: Theory and Applications, edited by Harry M. Jol, pp. 41-72. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
• Conyers, L.B. 2004. Ground-Penetrating Radar for Archaeology. AltaMira Press, Lanham. Dojack, L. 2012. Ground Penetrating Radar Theory, Data Collection, Processing, and Interpretation: A Guide for Archaeologists, 7-9.
• Dojack, L. 2012. Ground Penetrating Radar Theory, Data Collection, Processing, and Interpretation: A Guide for Archaeologists, 7-9.
• Leckebusch, J. 2003. Ground-penetrating Radar: A Modern Three-dimensional Prospection Method. Archaeological Prospection. Vol 10; 213-240.
• Levinson, N. 1947. The Wiener RMS (root mean square) error criterion in filter design and prediction.
• Maeland, E. 1988. On the comparison of interpolation methods. Medical Imaging. IEEE Transactions 7(3), 213-217.
• McKinley, S. and Megan, L. 1998. Cubic spline interpolation. College of the Redwoods 45(1), 1049-1060.
• Meijering, E. and Michael, U. 2003. A note on cubic convolution interpolation. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 12, 477-479.
• Ozkan, M. and Samet, R. 2017. Interpolation Techniques to Recover the Incomplete GPR Data. In: The 16th International Conference Geoinformatics, Kiev, Ukraine.
• Safont, G., Salazar, A., Rodriguez, A., Vergara, L., 2014. On Recovering Missing Ground Penetrating Radar Traces by Statistical Interpolation Methods. Remote Sensing 6, 7546-7565.
• Samet, R., Çelik, E., Şengönül, E., Tural, S. and Özkan, M. 2015. Interpolation approach to search hidden result in GPR data. In: The 5th International Conference on Control and Optimization with Industrial Applications, Baku, Azerbaijan. 422 –425.
• Samet, R. and Özkan, M. 2016. Incomplete Data Production Methods in GPR Research and Applications. In: The 15th International Conference Geoinformatics, Kiev, Ukraine.
• Samet, R., Çelik, E., Tural, S., Şengönül, E., Özkan, M., Damcı, E. 2017. Using interpolation techniques to determine the optimal profile interval in ground-penetrating radar applications, Journal of Applied Geophysics (140), pp. 154-167.
• Zhao, W., Tian, G., Forte, E., Pipan, M., Wang, Y., Li, X., Shi, Z., Liu, H., 2015. Advances in GPR data acquisition and analysis for archeology. Geophysical Journal International 202, 62-71.