ROBUST REFRACTIVE INDEX FIBER SENSOR BASED ON TWO UP-TAPERS PLACED IN DOWN-TAPER

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 61 Sayı: 2, 172 - 180, 01.12.2019

İsa Navruz Mustafa Bilsel

https://doi.org/10.33769/aupse.593754

Öz

In this study, a
novel tapered optical fiber sensor based on a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI)
for refractive index measurement is proposed. Our sensor is constructed with
two up-tapers symmetrically placed in a down-taper single mode fiber. Although
its waist diameter is as thick as 55 μm, the sensor can measure the refractive
index. Simulation results demonstrate RI sensitivities of -94 nm/RIU and -125
nm/RIU at the lower and higher wavelength of the spectrum. The sensor is
extremely robust, it can be easily manufactured and it can be used not only for
RI but also for simultaneous strain and temperature measurements.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Up taper, Down taper, Refractive Index

Kaynakça

• Ji, W. B., Liu, H. H., Tjin, S. C., Chow, K. K. and Lim, A., Ultrahigh sensitivity refractive index sensor based on optical microfiber, IEEE Phot. Tech. Lett., 24 (2012) 1872-1874.
• Lacroix, S., Gonthier, F., Black R. J., and Bures, J., Tapered-fiber interferometric wavelength response: the achromatic fringe, Opt. Lett., 13 (1988) 395-397.
• Bariáin, C., Matías, I.R., Arregui, F. J. and López-Amo, M., Tapered optical-fiber-based pressure sensor, Opt. Eng., 39 (2000) 2241-2247.
• Massaro, A., Spano, F., Missori, M., Malvindi, M. A., Cazzato, P., Cingolani, R. and Athanassiou, A., Flexible nanocomposites with all-optical tactile sensing capability, RSC Adv., 4, (2014) 2820-2825.
• Lu, P., Men, L., Sooley, K. and Chen, Q., Tapered fiber Mach–Zehnder interferometer for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and temperature, Appl. Phys. Lett., 94, (2009) 131110-131110-(3).
• Shao, L-Y., Zhao, J., Dong, X., Tam, H. Y., Lu, C. and He, S., Long-period grating fabricated by periodically tapering standard single-mode fiber, App. Optics, 47 (2007) 1549-1552.
• Bariáin, C., Matías, I. R., Fernández-Valdivielso, C., Arregui, F. J., Rodríguez-Méndez, M. L. and Saja, J. A., Optical fiber sensor based on lutetium bisphthalocyanine for the detection of gases using standard telecommunication wavelengths, Sens. Act. B Chem., 93 (2003) 153-158.
• Corres, J. M., Matías, I. R., Bravo, J. and Arregui, F. J., Tapered optical fiber biosensor for the detection of anti-gliadin antibodies, Sens. Act. B, Chem., 135 (2008) 166-171.
• Yang L. Jiang, J., Wang, S., Li, B., Wang, M., Xiao, H., Lu, Y. and Ysai, H., High sensitivity of taper-based Mach-Zehnder interferometer embedded in a thinned optical fiber for refractive index sensing, Appl. Opt., 50 (2011) 5503–5507.
• Layeghi, A., Latifi, H. and Frazao, O., Magnetic field sensor based on nonadiabatic tapered optical fiber with magnetic fluid, IEEE Phot. Tech. Lett., 26 (2014) 1904-1907.
• Davis, D. D., Gaylord, T. K., Glytsis, E. N., Kosinski, S. G., Mettler, S. C. and Vengsarkar, A. M., Long-period fibre grating fabrication with focused CO2 laser pulses, Elect. Lett., 34, (1998) 302-303.
• Brophy, T. J. and Shankar, P. M., Formation and measurement of tapers in optical fibers, Rev. Sci. Instr., 64 (1993) 2650-2654.
• Shi, J., Xiao, S., Yi, L. and Bi, M., A Sensitivity-Enhanced Refractive Index Sensor Using a Single-Mode Thin-Core Fiber Incorporating an Abrupt Taper, Sensors, 12, (2012) 4697-4705.
• Zhao, Y., Li, X., Cai, L. and Yang, Y., Refractive index sensing based on photonic crystal fiber interferometer structure with up-tapered joints, Sens. And Act. B:Chemical, 221 (2015) 406-410.
• Xiong, M., Gong, H., Wang, Z., Zhao, C-L. and Dong, X., Simultaneous refractive index and temperature measurement based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer concatenating two bi-tapers and a long-period grating, IEEE Sens. J., 16 (2016) 4295-4299.
• Fu, H., Zhao, N., Shao, M., Xu, Y., Huidong, L., Liu, Q., Gao, H., Yinggang, L. and Qiao, X., In-fiber Quasi-Michelson interferometer based on waist-enlarged fiber taper for refractive index sensing, IEEE Sens. J., 15 (2015) 6869-6874.
• Zhang, N., Xu, W., You, S., Yu, C., Yu, C., Dong, B. and Li, K., Simultaneous measurement of refractive index, strain and temperature using a tapered structure based on SMF, Opt. Comm., 410 (2018) 70-74.
• Ahsani, V., Ahmed, F., Jun, M. B. G. and Bradley, C., Tapered Fiber-Optic Mach-Zehnder Interferometer for Ultra-High Sensitivity Measurement of Refractive Index, Sensors, 19 (2019) 1-10.