Relationship of Frailty and Nutritional Status with Laboratory Parameters in Older Adults Admitted to the Emergency Department

Abstract

Objectives: Frailty and malnutrition in older adults are associated with many adverse outcomes. Our study aimed to compare malnutrition and frailty scales and laboratory test results in older adults admitted to the emergency department Materials and Methods: This single-center cross-sectional study was conducted in the emergency department of a university hospital. The frailty status of the patients was evaluated with the clinical frailty scale (CFS), and the patients were grouped as frail and non-frail. Mini nutritional assessment-short form (MNA-SF) evaluated malnutrition status. The patients were grouped as malnourished, malnutrition risky, and normal nutritional status. In addition to the basic biochemical parameters of the patients, prealbumin, iron, fasting insulin, hemoglobin a1c, vitamin B12, and parathyroid hormone levels were measured. The relationship between laboratory results and CFS and MNA-SF results was analyzed statistically. Results: One hundred-six patients were included in the study. Sixty-six patients were female, and the mean age was 78.1±7.43 years. According to the CFS scale, 87.7% of the patients were found to be frail. According to MNA-SF, the rate of patients was 18.9% malnourished and 47.2% at risk of malnutrition. When the scales and laboratory results were compared, frail patients had lower levels of prealbumin, iron, total protein, hemoglobin, and sodium, which was statistically significant. In malnourished patients, prealbumin, fasting insulin, total protein, albumin, hemoglobin, and calcium levels were lower.

Keywords

• Frailty
• malnutrition
• older adults
• emergency medicine

Acil Servise Başvuran Yaşlılarda Kırılganlık ve Beslenme Durumunun Laboratuvar Parametreleri ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Yaşlı yetişkinlerde kırılganlık ve yetersiz beslenme birçok olumsuz sonuçla ilişkilidir. Çalışmamızda acil servise başvuran yaşlı yetişkinlerde malnütrisyon ve kırılganlık ölçekleri ile laboratuvar test sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlandı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu tek merkezli kesitsel çalışma bir üniversite hastanesinin acil servisinde gerçekleştirildi. Hastaların kırılganlık durumu klinik kırılganlık ölçeği (CFS) ile değerlendirildi ve hastalar kırılgan ve kırılgan olmayan olarak gruplandırıldı. Mini beslenme değerlendirmesi-kısa formu (MNA-SF) yetersiz beslenme durumunu değerlendirdi. Hastalar malnütrisyonlu, malnütrisyon riskli ve beslenme durumu normal olarak gruplandırıldı. Hastaların temel biyokimyasal parametrelerinin yanı sıra prealbümin, demir, açlık insülini, hemoglobin a1c, B12 vitamini ve paratiroid hormon düzeyleri ölçüldü. Laboratuvar sonuçları ile CFS ve MNA-SF sonuçları arasındaki ilişki istatistiksel olarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya 106 hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların 66’sı kadındı ve yaş ortalaması 78,1±7,43 yıldı. CFS skalasına göre hastaların %87,7’sinin kırılgan olduğu belirlendi. MNA-SF’ye göre yetersiz beslenen hastaların oranı %18,9, yetersiz beslenme riski taşıyanların oranı ise %47,2 oldu. Ölçekler ve laboratuvar sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında, kırılgan hastalarda prealbümin, demir, total protein, hemoglobin ve sodyum düzeyleri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede düşüktü. Yetersiz beslenen hastalarda prealbümin, açlık insülini, toplam protein, albümin, hemoglobin ve kalsiyum düzeyleri daha düşüktü. Sonuç: Çalışmamızda laboratuvar parametrelerinin kırılganlık ve malnütrisyonun erken teşhisinde yardımcı olabileceğini düşünüyoruz

Keywords

• Kırılganlık
• malnütrisyon
• yaşlılar
• acil tıp

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