Migren Tetikleyici Sayısının Migren Karakteristikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Abstract

Amaç: Migren, genellikle epizodik ve zonklayıcı baş ağrısı ile seyreden kronik bir nörovasküler hastalıktır. Migren ataklarının başlaması birçok içsel ve dışsal tetikleyicinin varlığı ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı ilk olarak en sık bildirilen on tetikleyicinin migren karakteristikleri üzerindeki etkisini ve ikinci olarak da çok sayıda tetikleyiciye sahip olmanın migren karakteristiklerini değiştirip değiştirmediğini araştırmaktır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya 315 (%89,5) kadın ve 37 (%10,5) erkek olmak üzere toplam 352 migren hastası dahil edildi. Hastaların migren karakteristikleri sorgulandı. Hastalar migren ataklarını başlatan tetikçi sayısına bağlı olarak dört ve daha az tetikleyici olanlar (Grup 1), beş veya altı tetikleyiciye sahip olanlar (Grup 2) ve altıdan fazla tetikleyiciye sahip olanlar (Grup 3) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Bulgular: Grup 3’te migren sıklığı Grup 2 ve Grup 1’den anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p=0,002 ve p=0,001). Atak süresi açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık yoktu (p=0,219). Grup 3’te baş ağrısı şiddeti Grup 2 ve Grup 1’den anlamlı olarak yüksekti (p=0,001 ve p=0,001). Grup 3’te çift taraflı baş ağrısı sıklığı Grup 2 ve Grup 1’den anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p=0,038 ve p=0,018). Stres, yiyecekler, parlak ışık, soğuk, sıcak ve koku tetikleyicileri tek başlarına tetikleyici olarak baş ağrısı şiddetinde artmaya neden olur iken (p=0,023, p=0,029, p=0,010, p=0,002, p=0,022 ve p=0,001), yüksek sese maruziyet ise migren sıklığında anlamlı artışa neden oldu (p=0,001). Sonuç: Biz çalışmamızda migren tetikleyici sayısının artmasının migren sıklığında ve baş ağrısı şiddetinde artmaya neden olduğunu gösterdik. Çoklu tetikleyici varlığında migrenin etkin tedavisinde sağlığa zararlı tetikleyiciler için kaçınma yöntemi ve diğer tetikleyiciler için ise tetikleyici ile mücadele etmenin öğrenilmesi yöntemi beraber uygulanmalıdır.

Keywords

• Migren
• Baş Ağrısı
• Tetikleyici

Effects of Migraine Trigger Number on Migraine Characteristics

Abstract

Objectives: Migraine is a chronic neurovascular disease that usually presents with episodic and throbbing headaches. The onset of migraine attacks has been associated with the presence of internal and external triggers. The aim of our study was to investigate firstly the effect of the ten most frequently reported triggers on migraine characteristics, and secondly, the effect of the presence of multiple triggers on the changes in migraine characteristics. Materials and Methods: A total of 352 migraine patients, including 315 (89.5%) female and 37 (10.5%) male, were included in the study. Migraine characteristics of the patients were questioned. Depending on the number of triggers that triggered migraine attacks, the patients were divided into three groups: those with four or fewer triggers (Group 1), those with five or six triggers (Group 2), and those with more than six triggers (Group 3). Results: Migraine frequency in Group 3 was significantly higher than in Group 2 and Group 1 (p=0.002 and p=0.001). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of attack duration (p=0.219). Headache severity in Group 3 was significantly higher than in Group 2 and Group 1 (p=0.001 and p=0.001). The frequency of bilateral headache in Group 3 was significantly higher than in Group 2 and Group 1 (p=0.038 and p=0.018). Stress, food, bright light, cold, heat and odor triggers alone caused an increase in headache severity (p=0.023, p=0.029, p=0.010, p=0.002, p=0.022 and p=0.001) while exposure to excessive sound caused a significant increase in migraine frequency (p=0.001). Conclusion: We demonstrated that an increase in the number of migraine triggers caused an increase in migraine frequency and headache severity. In the effective treatment of migraine in the presence of multiple triggers, avoidance for triggers that are harmful to a healthy life and learning to cope with triggers for other triggers should be applied together.

Keywords

• Migraine
• Headache
• Trigger

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