The Association Between Whole Blood Viscosity and Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Premature Acute Coronary Syndrome
Abstract
Objectives: Acute Coronary syndrome (ACS) in young adults is relatively rare, but it is in an increasing trend in recent years. Few data on ACS in young adults are available in the literature, especially regarding risk factors. In the current study, the importance of whole blood viscosity (WBV) was evaluated in patients with newly diagnosed premature ACS.
Materials and Methods: A total of 713 patients (469 male, mean age: 38.9±2.4 years) were included. The study population was divided into two groups. The first group included 357 patients who presented with newly diagnosed premature ACS (aged ≤45 years and were found to have critical lesions in their coronary arteries, while the control group consisted of 356 patients who were age and gender-matched controls and were found to have normal coronary arteries after elective coronary angiography. WBV was calculated according to the Simone’s formula at both high and low shear rates and compared between two groups with other traditional risk factors.
Results: Patients with premature ACS were found to have significantly increased WBV values compared to controls. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the WBV at both shear rates was an independent predictor for the presence of critical CAD after adjusted for other traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Conclusion: Patients with increased WBV values were at greater risk for the presence of premature ACS with critical lesions compared with the control group.
Keywords
Acute Coronary Syndrome, Shear Rate, Premature, Whole Blood Viscosity
Ethical Statement
Ankara Şehir Hastanesi Etik Kurulu’ndan onay alındı (referans no: E.7684).
References
- 1. Mandelzweig L, Battler A, Boyko V, et al. The second Euro Heart Survey on acute coronary syndromes: Characteristics, treatment, and outcome of patients with ACS in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin in 2004. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2285-2293.
- 2. Egred M, Viswanathan G, Davis GK. Myocardial infarction in young adults. Postgrad Med J. 2005;81:741-745.
- 3. Panduranga P, Sulaiman K, Al-Zakwani I, et al. Acute coronary syndrome in young adults from oman: results from the gulf registry of acute coronary events. Heart Views. 2010;11:93-98.
- 4. Carro A, Bastiaenen R, Kaski JC. Age related issues in reperfusion of myocardial infarction. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2011;25:139-148.
- 5. Jha AK, Li Z, Orav EJ, et al. Care in U.S. hospitals--the Hospital Quality Alliance program. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:265-274.
- 6. Rathod KS, Jones DA, Gallagher S, et al. Atypical risk factor profile and excellent long-term outcomes of young patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2016;5:23-32.
- 7. Chatzizisis YS, Coskun AU, Jonas M, et al. Role of endothelial shear stress in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling: molecular, cellular, and vascular behavior. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:2379- 2393.
- 8. Cetin EH, Cetin MS, Canpolat U, et al. Prognostic significance of whole blood viscosity estimated by de Simone’s formula in ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Biomark Med. 2016;10:495-511.
- 9. Cetin MS, Ozcan Cetin EH, Canpolat U, et al. An overlooked parameter in coronary slow flow phenomenon: whole blood viscosity. Biomark Med. 2015;9:1311-1321.
- 10. Fossum E, Hoieggen A, Moan A, et al. Whole blood viscosity, blood pressure and cardiovascular risk factors in healthy blood donors. Blood Press. 1997;6:161-165.