Agenesis of The Thyroid Isthmus

Abstract

The thyroid gland is an endocrine gland with high vascularise. It is formed of right and left two side lobes and of isthmus lobe joining the two lobes and this resemble the letter H. Morphological variation and developmental abnormalities of the thyroid gland has been reported in the literature in a wide range. In our report, total thyroidectomy was performed to a 30 year old woman. During the operation it was seen that the right and left thyroid lobe was independent from each other and isthmus lobe was absent. We will present a case of thyroid isthmus agenesis and discuss the clinical importance and the incidence of this case.

Keywords

• Thyroid
• Isthmus
• Agenesis

Tiroid Istmus Agenezisi

Abstract

Tiroid, vaskülaritesi yüksek bir endokrin bezdir. Sağ ve solda birer adet lobdan olușur ve istmus lobu her iki lobu birbirine bağlar ve H șeklini andırır. Tiroid bezinin morfolojik varyasyonları ve gelișimsel anormallikleri literatürde geniș bir yelpazede tanımlanmıștır. Sunumumuzda, 30 yașında kadın hastaya total tiroidektomi yapıldı. Operasyon süresince tiroidin sağ ve sol lobunun birbirinden bağımsız olduğu ve istmusun olmadığı görüldü. Tiroid istmus agenezisi olan bir vakayı sunacağız ve klinik önemi ve sıklığını tartıșacağız.

Keywords

• Tiroid
• Istmus
• Agenezi

References

1. 1. Paneni ST, Soni S, Noman SS, Ali MI, Adil S. Agenesis of the Isthmus of the thyroid with rıght lateral thyreoglandularis. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences. 2013;2(9):45-6.
2. 2. W.B. Saunders. The developing human: clinically oriented embryology. 4th ed. Toronto:1988.
3. 3. Melnick JC, Stemkowski PE. Thyroid hemiagenezis ( hockey stick sign): A review of the world literature and report of four cases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1981;52: 247-51.
4. 4. Mikosch P, Gallowitsch HJ, Kresnik E, Molnar M, Gomez I, Lind P. Thyroid hemiagenesis in an endemic goiter area diagnosed by ultrasonography: Report of sixteen patients. Thyroid 1999;9:1075-84.
5. 5. Huang C F, JengY, Chen K D, Yu J K, Shih C M, Huang S M, Lee C H, Chou F F, Shih M L, Jeng K C, Chang T M. The preoperative evaluation prevent the postoperative complications of thyroidectomy. Annals of Medicine and Surgery. 2015;4(1):5-10.
6. 6. Vassiliou I, Tympa A, Arkadopoulos N, Nikolakopoulos F,Petropoulou T, Smyrnioti V. Total thyroidectomy as the single surgical option for benign and malignant thyroid disease: a surgical challenge. Arch Med Sci. 2013;21:74-8.
7. 7. Pastor V, Gil V, De Paz Fernandez F, Cachorro M. Agenesis of the thyroid isthmus. Europian Journal of Anatomy. 2006;10:83-4.
8. 8. Gürsoy A, Anıl C, Ünal AD, Demirer AN, Tütüncü NB. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of thyroid hemiagenesis. Ultrasound screening in patients with thyroid disease and normal population. Endocrine 2008;33(3): 338- 41.

9. 9. Pena S, Robertson H, Walvekar RR. Thyroid hemiagenesis. Report of a case and review of literature. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2011; 63 (2):198-00.
10. 10. Wu YH, Wein RO, Carter B. Thyroid hemiagenesis. A case series and review of the literature. Am J Otolaryngol 2012;33(3):299-02.
11. 11. Braun E, Windisch G, Wolf G, Hausleitner L, Anderhuber F. The pyramidal lobe. Clinical anatomy and its mportance in thyroid surgery. Surg Radiol Anat. 2007;29;21-7.
12. 12. Ranade AV, Rai R, Pai MM, Nayak S,R. Prakash, Krishnamurthy A, Narayana S. Anatomical variation of the thyroid gland: possible surgical implications. Singapore Med J. 2008;49:831-34.
13. 13. Won H, Chung I. Morphologic variations of the thyroid gland in Korean adults. Korean Journal ofPhysical Antropology. 2002;15(2):119-25.
14. 14. Sadler TW. Langman's medical embryology. 12th ed. Philadelphia:2006.
15. 15. Ozkan O.F, Asık M, Toman H, Ozkul F, Cıkman O, Karaayvaz M. Agenesis of Isthmus of the Thyroid Gland in a Patient with Graves-Basedow Disease and a Solitary Nodule. Case Rep Surg.2013;608481(1) :1-2.