Hematolojik Hastalarda COVID-19 Hastalığı-Tek Merkez Verisi

Year 2022, Volume: 75 Issue: 2, 204 - 210, 30.06.2022

Ferda Can , İmdat Dilek , Sema Akıncı , Tekin Güney

https://doi.org/10.4274/atfm.galenos.2021.09825

Abstract

Amaç: Koronavirüs hastalığı-2019 (COVID-19), Aralık 2019’dan bu yana sağlık hizmetlerinin ana uğraşı haline gelmiş bir hastalıktır. Hematoloji
hastalarının COVID-19 tedavi ve takiplerinde zorluklar yaşanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 tanısı alan hematolojik hastaların hastalık seyri ve
ölüm oranlarına ilişkin verileri paylaşmayı amaçladık.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Mart 2020 ile Şubat 2021 arasında COVID-19 tanısı konulan hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalar retrospektif olarak incelendi.

Bulgular: Kırk dokuz hasta değerlendirildi. Yirmi biri kadın, 28’i erkek idi, ortanca yaş 64 (19-84) idi. On dokuz hastada komorbidite yoktu. Otuz
hastada 1-4 ek tanı vardı. Kırk bir (%83) hastada malign hematolojik tanı saptandı, 33’ü (%67) aktif kemoterapi alıyordu. On altı (%33) hasta sitopenik
dönemdeydi. Altı hasta tanı anında asemptomatikti. Hastaların 19’u (%38,8) hafif, 6’sı (%12,2) orta derecede COVID-19, 24’ü (%49) ağır hastalığa
sahipti. On dört (%29) hasta evde takip edilirken, 35 (%71) hasta hastaneye yatırıldı. Yatan hastaların 21’i (%60) yoğun bakımda takip edildi. Toplam 17
hasta (%34,6) COVID-19 enfeksiyonundan öldü. Hematolojik nedenlerle hastanede yatışı sırasında COVID-19 tanısı almış olmak, hematolojik hastalık
durumu, COVID-19 tedavisi için yatış, akciğer tutulumu, eşlik eden ekstrapulmoner organ tutulumu, anemi, trombositopeni, sistemik enflamatuvar
yanıt sendromu gelişimi, yoğun bakıma yatış, entübasyon ve sekonder enfeksiyon gelişimi daha yüksek mortalite ile ilişkili bulundu.

Keywords

Hematolojik Hastalıklar , COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2

COVID-19 Disease in Patients with Hematological Disease-Single Center Data

Abstract

Objectives: Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that has been the main issue of the healthcare since December 2019. There are
difficulties in treatment and follow-up for hematology patients. In this study, we aimed to share data about the disease and mortality of patients
diagnosed with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods: The patients diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 2020 and February 2021 were included. Patients were retrospectively
analyzed.

Results: Forty-nine patients were evaluated. Twenty-one were female, 28 were male, the median age was 64 (19-84) years. Nineteen patients
had no comorbidities. Thirty patients had 1-4 comorbid diagnoses. Forty-one (83%) patients had malignant hematological diagnosis, 33 (67%)
of them were receiving active chemotherapy. Sixteen (33%) patients were in the cytopenic period. Six patients were asymptomatic at the time
of diagnosis. Nineteen (38.8%) of the patients had mild illness, 6 (12.2%) had moderate COVID-19, 24 (49%) had severe disease. Fourteen (29%)
patients were followed up at home, while 35 (71%) patients were hospitalized. Twenty-one (60%) of the inpatients were followed up in the intensive
care unit. Totally 17 patients (34.6%) died from COVID-19 infection. Being diagnosed with COVID-19 during hospitalization for the hematological
causes, hematological disease status, cytopenia on the day of COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization for COVID-19 treatment, lung involvement,
accompanying extrapulmonary organ involvement, decreased hemoglobin level and thrombocyte count, systemic inflammatory response syndrome
development, intensive care admission, intubation and secondary infection during hospitalization were the factors associated with higher mortality.

Conclusion: In this study, we observed that COVID-19 had a higher morbidity and mortality in hematological patients. More attention should be
paid to hematological patient groups in the era of COVID-19 to protect them from the disease.

Keywords

Hematological Diseases , COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval was received from Ministry of Health and Ankara City Hospital Local Ethic Committee with the number E1-21-1715. Informed Consent: Patients were retrospectively analyzed. Peer-reviewed: Externally peer-reviewed.

Supporting Institution

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Thanks

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