Fecal microbiota transplantation capsule therapy via oral route for combatting atopic dermatitis in dogs

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 69 Sayı: 2, 211 - 219, 25.03.2022

Kerem Ural

https://doi.org/10.33988/auvfd.822971

Cited By: 6

Öz

Given the role of the interaction between gut microbiome with dermatological diseases, namely “gut-skin axis”, the present author proved that gut restoration should alleviate canine atopic dermatitis (CAD), which was the purpose of the study. A 4-week, open-label, non-controlled case series involved 8 -owned dogs with CAD which had received no previous treatment. Evaluations included Canine Atopic Dermatitis Extent and Severity Index version 4 (CADESI-04 scores), Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pruritus scores and Polycheck in vitro allergen specific tests. Faecal samples were analysed by dual indexing one-step PCR and 16S rRNA targeted metagenomics for detecting gut microbiota alterations before and after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) capsule treatment twice daily for 4 weeks. All cases were presenting pruritus and all of those dogs showed elevated IgE levels. CADESI scores decreased on days 28 (4-21) compared to day 0 initial values (50-128). Similarly, decreased VAS scores were detected on days 28 (0-2) in contrast to prior values (6-10). Regarding epidermal barrier functioning epidermal hydration (55-100 vs. 4-24) and pH (6.-7.8 vs. 4.2-5.7) values were elevated after FMT treatment in contrast to prior ranges, respectively. Alpha diversity revaled both richness and diversity of gut microbiota were improved for all cases on day 28. Furthermore at the end of trial Firmicutes: Bacteroidetes ratio was 8, the benchmark detected for healthy dogs. The present study supports a potential benefit of FMT capsule treatment against CAD. This safe and tolerant treatment modality directed against CAD shifted the gut microbiome composition towards a healthy state for all 8 dogs enrolled.

Anahtar Kelimeler

atopic dermatitis, dog, fecal microbiota transplantation

Teşekkür

This research received no grant from any funding agency/sector. The author would like to thank RDA Group, Istanbul for purchasing test samples.

Kaynakça

• Abrahamsson TR, Jakobsson HE, Andersson AF, et al (2012): Low diversity of the gut microbiota in infants with atopic eczema. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 129, 434-440.
• Ali IA, Foolad N, Sivamani RK (2014): Considering the Gut-Skin Axis for Dermatological Diseases. Austin J Dermatolog, 1, 1024-1025.
• Bizikova P, Santoro D, Marsella R, et al (2015): Clinical and histological manifestations of canine atopic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol, 26, 79-24.
• Bowe WP, Logan AC (2011): Acne vulgaris, probiotics and the gut-brain-skin axis-back to the future? Gut Pathog, 3, 1.
• Burton EN, O'Connor E, Ericsson AC, et al (2016): Evaluation of fecal microbiota transfer as treatment for postweaning diarrhea in research‐colony puppies. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci, 55, 582–587.
• Callahan BJ, McMurdie PJ, Rosen MJ, et al (2016): DADA2: High-resolution sample inference from Illumina amplicon data. Nat Methods, 13, 581-583.
• Chaitman J, Jergens AE, Gaschen F, et al (2016): Commentary on key aspects of fecal microbiota transplantation in small animal practice. Vet Med (Auckl), 7, 71-74.
• Comeau AM, Douglas GM, Langille MG (2017): Microbiome helper: a custom and streamlined workflow for microbiome research. mSystems, 2, 127-116.
• Cosgrove SB, Wren JA, Cleaver DM, et al (2013): A blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of the J anus kinase inhibitor oclacitinib (Apoquel®) in client‐owned dogs with atopic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol, 24, 587-597.
• Craig JM (2016): Atopic dermatitis and the intestinal microbiota in humans and dogs. Vet Med Sci, 2, 95-105.
• Egawa G, Weninger W (2015): Pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: a short review. Cogent Biology 1, 1.
• Guo S, Al-Sadi R, Said HM, et al (2013): Lipopolysaccharide causes an increase in intestinal tight junction permeability in vitro and in vivo by inducing enterocyte membrane expression and localization of TLR-4 and CD14. Am J Pathol, 182, 375-387.
• Hill PB, Lau P, Rybnicek J (2007): Development of an owner‐assessed scale to measure the severity of pruritus in dogs. Vet Dermatol, 18, 301-308.
• Honneffer JB, Minamoto Y, Suchodolski JS (2014): Microbiota alterations in acute and chronic gastrointestinal inflammation of cats and dogs. WJG, 20, 16489–16497.
• Karst SM (2016): The influence of commensal bacteria on infection with enteric viruses. Nat Rev Microbiol, 14, 197–204.
• Kell DB, Pretorius E (2015): On the translocation of bacteria and their lipopolysaccharides between blood and peripheral locations in chronic, inflammatory diseases: the central roles of LPS and LPS-induced cell death. Integr Biol, 7, 1339-1377.
• Majamaa H, Isolauri E (1996): Evaluation of the gut mucosal barrier: evidence for increased antigen transfer in children with atopic eczema. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 97, 985-990.
• Marsella R, Olivry T, Carlotti DN (2011): International Task Force on Canine Atopic Dermatitis. Current evidence of skin barrier dysfunction in human and canine atopic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol, 22, 239-248.
• Masuoka H, Shimada K, Kiyosue-Yasuda T, et al (2017): Transition of the intestinal microbiota of dogs with age. Biosci Microbiota Food Health, 36, 27–31.
• Minamoto Y, Dhanani N, Markel ME, et al (2014): Prevalence of Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin and dysbiosis in fecal samples of dogs with diarrhea. Vet Microbiol, 174, 463–473.
• Pereira GQ, Gomes LA, Santos IS, et al (2018): Fecal microbiota transplantation in puppies with canine parvovirus infection. J Vet Intern Med, 32, 707-711.
• Pichler R, Fritz J, Tulchiner G, et al (2018): Increased accuracy of a novel mRNA‐based urine test for bladder cancer surveillance. BJU International, 121, 29-37.
• Quast S, Berger A, Eberle J (2013): ROS-dependent phosphorylation of Bax by wortmannin sensitizes melanoma cells for TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Cell Death Dis, 4, 839-839.
• Reddel, S, Del Chierico F, Quagliariello A, et al (2019): Gut microbiota profile in children affected by atopic dermatitis and evaluation of intestinal persistence of a probiotic mixture. Sci Rep, 9, 4996.
• Rosenfeldt EJ, Linden KG (2004): Degradation of endocrine disrupting chemicals bisphenol A, ethinyl estradiol, and estradiol during UV photolysis and advanced oxidation processes. Environ Sci Technol, 38, 5476-5483.
• Suchodolski JS (2016): Diagnosis and interpretation of intestinal dysbiosis in dogs and cats. Vet J, 215, 30–37.
• Sunvold GD, Fahey GC Jr, Merchen NR, et al (1995): Dietary fiber for dogs. IV. In vitro fermentation of selected fiber sources by dog fecal inoculum and in vivo digestion and metabolism of fiber‐supplemented diets. J Anim Sci, 73, 1099–1109.
• Tsakok T, McKeever TM, Yeo L, et al (2013): Does early life exposure to antibiotics increase the risk of eczema? A systematic review. Br J Dermatology, 169, 983–991.
• Ural K (2020): Probiotics in Veterinary Internal Medicine: A guide book for probiotic usage and case atlas. 1-200. Atalay Konfeksiyon ve Matbacılık. Ankara.
• Ural K, Erdoğan H, Gültekin M (2018): Allergen specific IgE determination by in vitro allergy test in head and facial feline dermatitis: A pilot study. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 65, 379-386.
• Watanabe S, Narisawa Y, Arase S, et al (2003): Differences in fecal microflora between patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy control subjects. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 111, 587-591.
• Weese JS, Costa MC, Webb JA (2013): Preliminary Clinical and microbiome assessment of stool transplantation in the dog and cat. Proceedings of the 2013 ACVIM Forum. J Vet Intern Med, 27, 705.