THE DOCTRINE OF THE KNOWABILITY OF THE WORLD IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF MEDIEVAL PHILOSOPHER ZAKARIA AL-RAZI

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 7, 210 - 216, 15.07.2015

Dairbaeva Gulanda Begalieva Shadinova Gulzira Abilasanovnani

https://doi.org/10.33692/avrasyad.509274

Öz

The article deals with the philosophy of medieval philosopher ZAKARIA al-Razi, one of
the most original personalities in the spiritual life of the peoples of the Middle East.
It is known that at the beginning of the twenty-first century challenges of spirituality and
spiritual world of the individual become the subject of intense attention of modern philosophy.
It should be noted, that nowadays, a great place in the writings of thinkers concerned with
questions of essence and value of knowledge, aspects of truth, the role of science in the
development of society.
The article reported that Al - Razi although was the largest rationalist in the theory of
knowledge, attached importance of the senses in the learning process of reality. In its medical
theories al-Razi emphasizes the close connection existing between the human body and
changes in the state of his soul. Al-Razi does not subordinate the human mind for the divine
command and considers the work of the mind - an active and creative human activity.
The main idea of the article is the scientist recognized a huge role of mind, which was very
important under the rule of reactionary ideology of Islam. Convinced of the power of the human
mind and the knowability of the world, al-Razi only means of knowledge of the world considers
the scientific method of learning and encourages people to mastering science. Progressiveness
of the theory of knowledge of al-Razi was expressed in the fact, that he denies the existence of
miracles, attributed to various prophets and so-called imams.
The author comes to the conclusion that a valuable contribution of al-Razi to the problem
of knowledge was his denial of faith in the authorities; theory of knowledge and teaching about
the mind of al-Razi played a huge role in the Middle Ages and had a great influence on the
further emancipate of science from the influence of religion and on the development of
materialist theory of knowledge.

Anahtar Kelimeler

epistemology, the knowing subject, the perception of the human mind, the development of science, materialist theory of knowledge

Kaynakça

• ALTAYEV, J.A., A.A. Frolov (2010) “Islamic Philosophy: A New Look”. Almaty, ASHUROV, G., (1963) “Attitude of Nasiri Hisrava to Abu Bakr al-Razi”. Proceedings of the Taj. SSR,