Tartışma
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster
Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 184 - 206, 30.07.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • DUTTA, K., 2003. Calcutta: a literary and cultural history. New Delhi: Roli Books.
  • IRVING, R. G., 1981. Indian summer. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
  • KHAN, H., 2001. International style: modernist architecture from 1925 to 1965. Berlin: Taschen Publications.
  • LANG J., MIKI D., and MADHAVI D., 1997. Architecture and independence: the search for identity – India 1880 -1980. Kolkata: Oxford University Press.
  • MITTER, P., 2007. The Triumph of modernism: India's artists and the avant-garde, 1922-1947. London: Reaktion Publishers.
  • O’CONNELL, K. M., 2002. Rabindranath Tagore: the poet as educator. Santiniketan: Bishwa Varati.
  • PEARSON, W.W., 1916. Santiniketan: the bolpur school of Rabindranath Tagore. New York: Macmillan Publications.
  • SANYAL, S., 2015. A journey with my father in my reminiscence since 1917. Kolkata: Macmillan Publications.
  • SHRIRAM, M., 1992. Problems and issues in administrative federalism. Kolkata: Allied Publishers.
  • SUBRAMANYAN, K.G., 1989. Rabindranath and modern Indian art, Rabindranath Tagore in perspective. Shantiniketon: Bishwa Varati Press.
  • TADGELL, C., 1995. The history of architecture in India. London: Phaidon Press.
  • CHAUDHURI, S., 2010. Modernisms in India. In: P. BROOKER, A. GOSIOREK, D. LONGWORTH and A. THACKER ed. The Oxford handbook of modernism. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 942-959.
  • FRAMPTON, K., 1983. Towards a critical regionalism: six points for architecture of resistance. In: H. FOSTER ed. The Anti-Aesthetics: essays on postmodern culture. Port Townsend - Washington: Bay Press. pp. 16-30.
  • GUY, S., FARMER, G., 2000. Contested constructions: the competing logics of green buildings and ethics. In: W. FOX ed. Ethics and the built Environment. London: Routledge. pp. 73-87.
  • KOMANDURI, A. D. T., NAMGYEL, K., KAFLEY, H., SINGH, P., HEDGE, R. A., VASANTH, M. and HANDA, V., 2015. In: M. JOSHI and S. S. BALIPAR ed. Antardrishti: an insight into the architecture of the Santhals of Birbhum. New Delhi: School of Planning and Architecture. pp. 53-67.
  • CHOWDHURY, I., 2013. Santiniketan: the making of a new Indian pilgrimage. The Public Historian Review Essays. 35 (2), pp.102.
  • COOMARASWAMY, A. K., 1928. Indian architectural terms. Journal of the American Oriental Society. 48 (3), pp. 250-275.
  • DAS GUPTA, U., 2003. In pursuit of a different freedom: Tagore's world university at Santiniketan, a national culture. India International Centre Quarterly. 29 (4), pp. 25-38.
  • DAS, S., 2009. Looking forward through looking back: Rabindranath Tagore and the neo-Bengal school in the development of Santiniketan architecture. Journal of Heritage Studies. 1 (1), pp. 161-183.
  • DOXIADIS, C. A., 1968. Man’s movement and his city. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 162 (3851), pp. 326-334.
  • HUXLEY, A., 1968. Reproduction of speech on Tagore, Indian literature. Sahitya Akademi. 11 (3), pp. 5-11.
  • JAMAL, O., 2001. E. B. Havell and Rabindranath Tagore. Third Text -Nationalism, Modernity and Art. 14 (53), pp.19-30.
  • KABIR, H., 1961. Rebel with a universal cause; he named his school 'Abode of peace'. The UNESCO Courier. 14 (12), pp. 11-15.
  • METE, J., BISWAS, P., 2014. The architectural style of Shantiniketan. Journal of Education & Social Policy. 1(2), pp. 83-84.
  • SANYAL, S., 2009. Discovering the Incognito, Indian architect and builder. Jasubhai Publishers. 22 (9), pp. 44-47.
  • SANYAL, S., 2015. The poet’s home: Architectural innovations in Rabindranath Tagore’s dwellings in Santiniketan. International Journal of Arts & Sciences. 8 (8), pp. 593-611.
  • SHIGEMI, I., 2009. The interaction of Bengali and Japanese artistic milieus in the first half of the twentieth century (1901-1945). Japan Review, International Research Center for Japanese Studies. 2 (2), pp.149-181.
  • WASIM, W. M., 2013. Revisiting modern art in India prior to independence: A capsule account of beginnings, confrontations, conflicts and milestones. European Academic Research. 1 (6), pp. 1377-1390.
  • BISHWA VARATI, 2011. Picture of Shaymoli [online]. Available from: http://www.visvabharati.ac.in/ [Accessed 10 May 2020].
  • DAS, S., 2014. A brief history of Santiniketan architecture [online]. Available from: https://samitdas.com/works/thoughts-and-essays/edited-version-3-a-brief-history/ [Accessed 16 December 2018].
  • GUJARATI LITERATURE ACADEMY, 1923. Unpublished report of Tagore abroad [online]. Available from: http://www.parabaas.com/rabindranath/articles/pRabindranath_Reply.html [Accessed 14 April 2018].
  • KAK, S., 2005. Early Indian architecture and art [online]. Available from: http://www.migration-diffusion.info/article.php?id=110 [Accessed 21 February 2018].
  • KERN, I., 2013. The Bauhaus on the Ganges [online]. Available from: http://bauhaus- online.de/en/magazin/artikel/the-bauhaus-on-the-ganges [Accessed 15 August 2018].
  • MONDAL, P., 2013. Morphometric analysis of Birbhum district [online]. Available from: www.ajms.co.in/sites/ajms/index.php/ajms/article/download/74/94 [Accessed 7 May 2019]. MITRA, A., 2008. Shayma: mural by Nandalal Bose in Shantiniketon [online]. Available from: https://www.google.com/search?q=pathavaban,+shantiniketon+paintings+by+nandalal+bose&client=ms-android-lge rev1&prmd=inmv&sxsrf=ALeKk00y_CMuzzQfb3P1c8jKB4VUESCcQ:1595745521752&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwji8OanprqAhWOc30KHf3jB_AQ_AUoAXoECA0QAQ&biw=360&bih=518#imgrc=pRmni2480le_-M [Accessed 26 July 2020].
  • PAL, S., 2016. Travel tales: exploring Tagore’s Santiniketan, an abode of learning unlike any in the world [online]. Available from: https://www.thebetterindia.com/66627/santiniketan-rabindranath-tagore-bengal) [Accessed 16 December 2018].
  • POPLI, B., 2018. The building blocks of Rabindranath Tagore’s architectural imagination [online]. Available from: https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/art/13009-building-blocks-rabindranath-tagore-s-architectural- imagination [Accessed July 11 2018]. RASTRAPATIVABAN SECRETARIAT, 1930. Photo of the capital complex of New Delhi [online]. Available from: http://rashtrapatisachivalaya.gov.in/rbtour/ [Accessed 11 May 2020].
  • RASTRAPATIVABAN SECRETARIAT, 1930. Photo of architect Edwin Lutyens [online]. Available from: http://rashtrapatisachivalaya.gov.in/rbtour/ [Accessed 11 May 2020]. SALAMA, A., 2007. Nikos A. Salingaros: a new Vitruvius for 21st–century architecture and urbanism? In reviews and trigger articles [online]. Available from: archnet.org/publications/4959 [Accessed 23 June 2019].
  • SAHA, D., 2015. Shantiniketon: a case study of freely freely developed campus by Rabidranath Tagore [online]. Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/DipannitaSaha1/shantiniketan-a-case-study-of-freely-developed-campus-by-rabindranath-tagore [Accessed on 21 July 2020]. SPACES NEPAL, 2017. Architecture of Santiniketan: Tagore’s concept of space [online]. Available from: https://spacesnepalblog.wordpress.com/2017/05/18/architecture-of-santiniketan-tagores- concept-of-space [Accessed 18 May 2018].
  • SAHA, S., 1930. Faces & places of Visva-Bharati. [photo] Archives of Shantiniketan, Rabindra Bhavana, Kolkata.
  • SAHA, S., 1937. Faces & places of Visva-Bharati. [photo] Archives of Shantiniketan, Rabindra Bhavana, Kolkata.
  • BANERJEE, 2017. Tagore’s thoughts on architecture analysed. [manuscript] Cultural Correspondent of Newage Newspaper, Dhaka. Date of the news: 07 August 2017.
  • CHAKRAVORTY, 2011. Santiniketan architecture: The construed public space. [manuscript] Pathabhavan Praktoni News, Kolkata. Date of news: 16 May 2011.
  • BANERJEE, A., 1998. Campus architecture: the built environment of Rabindranath’s Santiniketan.
  • MITRA, D., 1968. Konarak: ASI report New Delhi.
  • JOSHI, M., SANYAL, S., 2015. Architecture of Shantiniketon.

The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore's Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 184 - 206, 30.07.2020

Öz

This study aims to discuss the reasons and justifications of socioeconomic, cultural, political
and intellectual realm of Bengal from theoretical and critical basis. Such historical discourse will
reintroduce a poet who already defined and shaped a nation's identity and also his concept reached in
architectural realm which was never brought to light previously. An exposition for the findings related
to the dwellings of Rabindranath Tagore, at Santiniketan could be the clue as he is considered one of
the Bengal’s foremost modern personalities. The methodology will involve his writings as primary
confab sources as well as recent and previous renowned researchers’ contextual works as secondary
sources to derive comparison based interpretations and explore hypothetical scopes. Such punitive
approach from historical inquiries with architectural perspective regarding Tagore’s literary genius will
reveal his more patriotic philosophies that were previously misguided or even isolated and
conventionally known ideologies from colonial context. The paucity of Tagore’s direct references are
imperative sources to rely on, as in-situ analyses are also followed. Written allusions about space and
architecture in his poems and dramas constructed the literature review of the study. In doing so, the
paper also endeavours to comprehend the immense potential for understanding and appreciating
Tagore's less-highlighted genius, like architectural creations. Placing these findings within the
framework of contemporaneous accomplishments, this study will discover Bengal as pan-Asian
leading position and analysis will show how regional modernism silently flourished through architecture
under Tagore’s prophecy.

Kaynakça

  • DUTTA, K., 2003. Calcutta: a literary and cultural history. New Delhi: Roli Books.
  • IRVING, R. G., 1981. Indian summer. New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
  • KHAN, H., 2001. International style: modernist architecture from 1925 to 1965. Berlin: Taschen Publications.
  • LANG J., MIKI D., and MADHAVI D., 1997. Architecture and independence: the search for identity – India 1880 -1980. Kolkata: Oxford University Press.
  • MITTER, P., 2007. The Triumph of modernism: India's artists and the avant-garde, 1922-1947. London: Reaktion Publishers.
  • O’CONNELL, K. M., 2002. Rabindranath Tagore: the poet as educator. Santiniketan: Bishwa Varati.
  • PEARSON, W.W., 1916. Santiniketan: the bolpur school of Rabindranath Tagore. New York: Macmillan Publications.
  • SANYAL, S., 2015. A journey with my father in my reminiscence since 1917. Kolkata: Macmillan Publications.
  • SHRIRAM, M., 1992. Problems and issues in administrative federalism. Kolkata: Allied Publishers.
  • SUBRAMANYAN, K.G., 1989. Rabindranath and modern Indian art, Rabindranath Tagore in perspective. Shantiniketon: Bishwa Varati Press.
  • TADGELL, C., 1995. The history of architecture in India. London: Phaidon Press.
  • CHAUDHURI, S., 2010. Modernisms in India. In: P. BROOKER, A. GOSIOREK, D. LONGWORTH and A. THACKER ed. The Oxford handbook of modernism. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 942-959.
  • FRAMPTON, K., 1983. Towards a critical regionalism: six points for architecture of resistance. In: H. FOSTER ed. The Anti-Aesthetics: essays on postmodern culture. Port Townsend - Washington: Bay Press. pp. 16-30.
  • GUY, S., FARMER, G., 2000. Contested constructions: the competing logics of green buildings and ethics. In: W. FOX ed. Ethics and the built Environment. London: Routledge. pp. 73-87.
  • KOMANDURI, A. D. T., NAMGYEL, K., KAFLEY, H., SINGH, P., HEDGE, R. A., VASANTH, M. and HANDA, V., 2015. In: M. JOSHI and S. S. BALIPAR ed. Antardrishti: an insight into the architecture of the Santhals of Birbhum. New Delhi: School of Planning and Architecture. pp. 53-67.
  • CHOWDHURY, I., 2013. Santiniketan: the making of a new Indian pilgrimage. The Public Historian Review Essays. 35 (2), pp.102.
  • COOMARASWAMY, A. K., 1928. Indian architectural terms. Journal of the American Oriental Society. 48 (3), pp. 250-275.
  • DAS GUPTA, U., 2003. In pursuit of a different freedom: Tagore's world university at Santiniketan, a national culture. India International Centre Quarterly. 29 (4), pp. 25-38.
  • DAS, S., 2009. Looking forward through looking back: Rabindranath Tagore and the neo-Bengal school in the development of Santiniketan architecture. Journal of Heritage Studies. 1 (1), pp. 161-183.
  • DOXIADIS, C. A., 1968. Man’s movement and his city. American Association for the Advancement of Science. 162 (3851), pp. 326-334.
  • HUXLEY, A., 1968. Reproduction of speech on Tagore, Indian literature. Sahitya Akademi. 11 (3), pp. 5-11.
  • JAMAL, O., 2001. E. B. Havell and Rabindranath Tagore. Third Text -Nationalism, Modernity and Art. 14 (53), pp.19-30.
  • KABIR, H., 1961. Rebel with a universal cause; he named his school 'Abode of peace'. The UNESCO Courier. 14 (12), pp. 11-15.
  • METE, J., BISWAS, P., 2014. The architectural style of Shantiniketan. Journal of Education & Social Policy. 1(2), pp. 83-84.
  • SANYAL, S., 2009. Discovering the Incognito, Indian architect and builder. Jasubhai Publishers. 22 (9), pp. 44-47.
  • SANYAL, S., 2015. The poet’s home: Architectural innovations in Rabindranath Tagore’s dwellings in Santiniketan. International Journal of Arts & Sciences. 8 (8), pp. 593-611.
  • SHIGEMI, I., 2009. The interaction of Bengali and Japanese artistic milieus in the first half of the twentieth century (1901-1945). Japan Review, International Research Center for Japanese Studies. 2 (2), pp.149-181.
  • WASIM, W. M., 2013. Revisiting modern art in India prior to independence: A capsule account of beginnings, confrontations, conflicts and milestones. European Academic Research. 1 (6), pp. 1377-1390.
  • BISHWA VARATI, 2011. Picture of Shaymoli [online]. Available from: http://www.visvabharati.ac.in/ [Accessed 10 May 2020].
  • DAS, S., 2014. A brief history of Santiniketan architecture [online]. Available from: https://samitdas.com/works/thoughts-and-essays/edited-version-3-a-brief-history/ [Accessed 16 December 2018].
  • GUJARATI LITERATURE ACADEMY, 1923. Unpublished report of Tagore abroad [online]. Available from: http://www.parabaas.com/rabindranath/articles/pRabindranath_Reply.html [Accessed 14 April 2018].
  • KAK, S., 2005. Early Indian architecture and art [online]. Available from: http://www.migration-diffusion.info/article.php?id=110 [Accessed 21 February 2018].
  • KERN, I., 2013. The Bauhaus on the Ganges [online]. Available from: http://bauhaus- online.de/en/magazin/artikel/the-bauhaus-on-the-ganges [Accessed 15 August 2018].
  • MONDAL, P., 2013. Morphometric analysis of Birbhum district [online]. Available from: www.ajms.co.in/sites/ajms/index.php/ajms/article/download/74/94 [Accessed 7 May 2019]. MITRA, A., 2008. Shayma: mural by Nandalal Bose in Shantiniketon [online]. Available from: https://www.google.com/search?q=pathavaban,+shantiniketon+paintings+by+nandalal+bose&client=ms-android-lge rev1&prmd=inmv&sxsrf=ALeKk00y_CMuzzQfb3P1c8jKB4VUESCcQ:1595745521752&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwji8OanprqAhWOc30KHf3jB_AQ_AUoAXoECA0QAQ&biw=360&bih=518#imgrc=pRmni2480le_-M [Accessed 26 July 2020].
  • PAL, S., 2016. Travel tales: exploring Tagore’s Santiniketan, an abode of learning unlike any in the world [online]. Available from: https://www.thebetterindia.com/66627/santiniketan-rabindranath-tagore-bengal) [Accessed 16 December 2018].
  • POPLI, B., 2018. The building blocks of Rabindranath Tagore’s architectural imagination [online]. Available from: https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/art/13009-building-blocks-rabindranath-tagore-s-architectural- imagination [Accessed July 11 2018]. RASTRAPATIVABAN SECRETARIAT, 1930. Photo of the capital complex of New Delhi [online]. Available from: http://rashtrapatisachivalaya.gov.in/rbtour/ [Accessed 11 May 2020].
  • RASTRAPATIVABAN SECRETARIAT, 1930. Photo of architect Edwin Lutyens [online]. Available from: http://rashtrapatisachivalaya.gov.in/rbtour/ [Accessed 11 May 2020]. SALAMA, A., 2007. Nikos A. Salingaros: a new Vitruvius for 21st–century architecture and urbanism? In reviews and trigger articles [online]. Available from: archnet.org/publications/4959 [Accessed 23 June 2019].
  • SAHA, D., 2015. Shantiniketon: a case study of freely freely developed campus by Rabidranath Tagore [online]. Available from: https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/DipannitaSaha1/shantiniketan-a-case-study-of-freely-developed-campus-by-rabindranath-tagore [Accessed on 21 July 2020]. SPACES NEPAL, 2017. Architecture of Santiniketan: Tagore’s concept of space [online]. Available from: https://spacesnepalblog.wordpress.com/2017/05/18/architecture-of-santiniketan-tagores- concept-of-space [Accessed 18 May 2018].
  • SAHA, S., 1930. Faces & places of Visva-Bharati. [photo] Archives of Shantiniketan, Rabindra Bhavana, Kolkata.
  • SAHA, S., 1937. Faces & places of Visva-Bharati. [photo] Archives of Shantiniketan, Rabindra Bhavana, Kolkata.
  • BANERJEE, 2017. Tagore’s thoughts on architecture analysed. [manuscript] Cultural Correspondent of Newage Newspaper, Dhaka. Date of the news: 07 August 2017.
  • CHAKRAVORTY, 2011. Santiniketan architecture: The construed public space. [manuscript] Pathabhavan Praktoni News, Kolkata. Date of news: 16 May 2011.
  • BANERJEE, A., 1998. Campus architecture: the built environment of Rabindranath’s Santiniketan.
  • MITRA, D., 1968. Konarak: ASI report New Delhi.
  • JOSHI, M., SANYAL, S., 2015. Architecture of Shantiniketon.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mimarlık
Bölüm Tartışma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Sayed Ahmed 0000-0003-1384-7668

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Temmuz 2020
Kabul Tarihi 28 Temmuz 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ahmed, S. (2020). The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon. Bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design, 1(2), 184-206.
AMA Ahmed S. The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon. bāb Architecture and Design Journal. Temmuz 2020;1(2):184-206.
Chicago Ahmed, Sayed. “The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon”. Bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design 1, sy. 2 (Temmuz 2020): 184-206.
EndNote Ahmed S (01 Temmuz 2020) The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon. bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design 1 2 184–206.
IEEE S. Ahmed, “The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon”, bāb Architecture and Design Journal, c. 1, sy. 2, ss. 184–206, 2020.
ISNAD Ahmed, Sayed. “The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon”. bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design 1/2 (Temmuz 2020), 184-206.
JAMA Ahmed S. The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon. bāb Architecture and Design Journal. 2020;1:184–206.
MLA Ahmed, Sayed. “The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon”. Bab Journal of FSMVU Faculty of Architecture and Design, c. 1, sy. 2, 2020, ss. 184-06.
Vancouver Ahmed S. The Nectar of Architecture: Tagore’s Architectural Cognizance in Santiniketon. bāb Architecture and Design Journal. 2020;1(2):184-206.