<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20241031//EN"
        "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.4/JATS-journalpublishing1-4.dtd">
<article  article-type="research-article"        dtd-version="1.4">
            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2147-284X</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2147-284X</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>Balkan Yayın</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17694/bajece.1144847</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Electrical Engineering</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Elektrik Mühendisliği</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                            <article-title>Reflection Coefficient Calculation of a Structure Including a Porous Silicon Layer with Transfer Matrix Method and FDTD</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1845-8605</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Duman</surname>
                                    <given-names>Çağlar</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>ERZURUM TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20221019">
                    <day>10</day>
                    <month>19</month>
                    <year>2022</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>10</volume>
                                        <issue>4</issue>
                                        <fpage>402</fpage>
                                        <lpage>409</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20220718">
                        <day>07</day>
                        <month>18</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20220925">
                        <day>09</day>
                        <month>25</month>
                        <year>2022</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <abstract><p>Porous silicon is an important material for a variety of application area such as anti-reflective coating for solar cells. Today, solar cell market is mostly dominated by silicon based solar cells. Porous silicon thin films are easy to fabricate and it is compatible with silicon technology. Designing porous silicon anti-reflective coating layers is a critical issue to enhance silicon based solar cell performance. There are several methods to calculate reflection coefficient of porous silicon thin layers. In this study, transfer matrix method and finite-difference time-domain method are used to calculate reflection coefficient of porous silicon thin layers. Because finite-difference time-domain method gives more accurate results, the results obtained with finite-difference time-domain method are used to control the results obtained with transfer matrix method. In transfer matrix method, refractive indices of the porous silicon layers are calculated with Bruggeman effective medium approximation.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Anti-Reflective Coating</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Solar Cell</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Reflection Coefficient</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  TMM</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  FDTD.</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                                                                                                    </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
                            <ref-list>
                                    <ref id="ref1">
                        <label>1</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Basu, S. (Ed.). (2011). Crystalline Silicon: Properties and Uses. BoD–Books on Demand.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref2">
                        <label>2</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Dubey, R. S., &amp; Gautam, D. K. (2011). Porous silicon layers prepared by electrochemical etching for application in silicon thin film solar cells. Superlattices and Microstructures, 50(3), 269-276.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref3">
                        <label>3</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Karbassian, F. (2018). Porous silicon. In Porosity-Process, Technologies and Applications. IntechOpen.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref4">
                        <label>4</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Zhao, M., Balachandran, R., Allred, J., &amp; Keswani, M. (2015). Synthesis of porous silicon through interfacial reactions and measurement of its electrochemical response using cyclic voltammetry. RSC advances, 5(96), 79157-79163.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref5">
                        <label>5</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Wilkins, M. M., Boucherif, A., Beal, R., Haysom, J. E., Wheeldon, J. F., Aimez, V., ... &amp; Hinzer, K. (2013). Multijunction solar cell designs using silicon bottom subcell and porous silicon compliant membrane. IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 3(3), 1125-1131.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref6">
                        <label>6</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Ariza-Flores, D., Pérez-Huerta, J. S., Kumar, Y., Encinas, A., &amp; Agarwal, V. (2014). Design and optimization of antireflecting coatings from nanostructured porous silicon dielectric multilayers. Solar energy materials and solar cells, 123, 144-149.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref7">
                        <label>7</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Jimenéz-Vivanco, M. R., García, G., Carrillo, J., Morales-Morales, F., Coyopol, A., Gracia, M., ... &amp; Lugo, J. E. (2020). Porous Si-SiO2 UV Microcavities to modulate the responsivity of a broadband photodetector. Nanomaterials, 10(2), 222.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref8">
                        <label>8</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Deinega, A. V., Konistyapina, I. V., Bogdanova, M. V., Valuev, I. A., Lozovik, Y. E., &amp; Potapkin, B. V. (2010). Optimization of an anti-reflective layer of solar panels based on ab initio calculations. Russian Physics Journal, 52(11), 1128.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref9">
                        <label>9</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Min-Dianey, K. A. A., Zhang, H. C., Brohi, A. A., Yu, H., &amp; Xia, X. (2018). Optical spectra of composite silver-porous silicon (Ag-pSi) nanostructure based periodical lattice. Superlattices and Microstructures, 115, 168-176.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref10">
                        <label>10</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Najar, A., Al-Jabr, A. A., Slimane, A. B., Alsunaidi, M. A., Ng, T. K., Ooi, B. S., ... &amp; Anjum, D. H. (2013, April). Effective antireflection properties of porous silicon nanowires for photovoltaic applications. In 2013 Saudi International Electronics, Communications and Photonics Conference (pp. 1-4). IEEE.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref11">
                        <label>11</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Burham, N., Hamzah, A. A., &amp; Majlis, B. Y. (2017). Self-adjusting electrochemical etching technique for producing nanoporous silicon membrane. New Research on Silicon-Structure, Properties, Technology.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref12">
                        <label>12</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Yaakob, S., Bakar, M. A., Ismail, J., Bakar, N. H. H. A., &amp; Ibrahim, K. (2012). The formation and morphology of highly doped N-type porous silicon: effect of short etching time at high current density and evidence of simultaneous chemical and electrochemical dissolutions. J. Phys. Sci, 23(2), 17-31.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref13">
                        <label>13</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Vázsonyi, É., Battistig, G., Horváth, Z. E., Fried, M., Kádár, G., Pászti, F., ... &amp; Poortmans, J. (2000). Pore Propagation Directions in P+ Porous Silicon. Journal of Porous Materials, 7(1), 57-61.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref14">
                        <label>14</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Khardani, M., Bouaïcha, M., &amp; Bessaïs, B. (2007). Bruggeman effective medium approach for modelling optical properties of porous 
silicon: comparison with experiment. physica status solidi c, 4(6), 1986-1990.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref15">
                        <label>15</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Birge, J. R., &amp; Kärtner, F. X. (2006). Efficient analytic computation of dispersion from multilayer structures. Applied optics, 45(7), 1478-1483.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref16">
                        <label>16</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pérez, E. X. (2008). Design, fabrication and characterization of porous silicon multilayer optical devices. Universitat Rovira i Virgili.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref17">
                        <label>17</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Hossain, M. F., &amp; Noushin, T. (2016, December). Sensitivity enhancement of porous silicon waveguide sensor using graphene by FDTD with Lumerical software. In 2016 2nd International Conference on Electrical, Computer &amp; Telecommunication Engineering (ICECTE) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref18">
                        <label>18</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Pickering, T., Shanks, K., &amp; Sundaram, S. (2021). Modelling technique and analysis of porous anti-reflective coatings for reducing wide angle reflectance of thin-film solar cells. Journal of Optics, 23(2), 025901.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                                    <ref id="ref19">
                        <label>19</label>
                        <mixed-citation publication-type="journal">Elsherbeni, A. Z., &amp; Demir, V. (2009). The finite-difference time-domain method for electromagnetics with MATLAB simulations. Raleigh, NC: SciTech Pub.</mixed-citation>
                    </ref>
                            </ref-list>
                    </back>
    </article>
