Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

2147-284X 2147-284X

MUSA YILMAZ

10.17694/bajece.1322919

Electrical Engineering (Other)

Elektrik Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Analysis of the Effect of Switching Frequency on Acoustic Noise in External Rotor Brushless DC Motors

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3982-5654

Buğra

ISPARTA UYGULAMALI BİLİMLER ÜNİVERSİTESİ TEKNOLOJİ FAKÜLTESİ

https://orcid.org/0009-0003-3489-7346

Demirsoy

Berk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1522-6868

Fenercioglu

Ahmet

BURSA TEKNİK ÜNİVERSİTESİ

03 01 2024

12 1 98 104 07 05 2023 10 03 2023

2013

Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering

Electric motors are actively used in various industries. Acoustic noise is crucial in electric motors, and specific standards are depending on their application areas. Despite better performance, including acoustic noise, than brushed motors, brushless motors still generate acoustic noise due to their mechanical, electrical, and electronic components. This study investigated the impact of varying the switching frequency through the driver on the acoustic noise of an external rotor brushless DC motor. Tests were conducted on a surface-mounted magnet brushless motor with different switching frequencies, and detailed information about the sections of the control board governing the brushless motor was provided. The study includes measurements of motor speed, current, switching frequency, phase signal, and acoustic noise measured at two different locations in decibels. It was observed that the acoustic noise increased at specific switching frequencies. Furthermore, the variation in switching frequency also affected the heating due to losses in the switching elements. Increasing the switching frequency in the 12-28 kHz range reduced motor speed and the measured acoustic noise, while temperature increases were observed in various frequency ranges.

BLDC motor Switching frequencies Acoustic noise

[1] M.R. Hazari, E. Jahan, M.E. Siraj, M.T.I. Khan, A.M. Saleque. “Design of a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor controller.” In 2014 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Information & Communication Technology. IEEE, 2014, pp 1-6.

[2] P. Yedamale. “Brushless DC (BLDC) motor fundamentals.” Microchip Technology Inc, vol. 20.1, 2003, pp 3-15.

[3] R.M. Pindoriya, A.K. Mishra, B.S. Rajpurohit, R. Kumar. “An analysis of vibration and acoustic noise of BLDC motor drive.” In 2018 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM), 2018, pp 1-5.

[4] P. Mishra, A. Banerjee, M. Ghosh, S. Gogoi, P.K. Meher. “Implementation and validation of quadral-duty digital PWM to develop a cost-optimized ASIC for BLDC motor drive.” Control Engineering Practice, vol. 109, 104752, 2021.

[5] K. Nakata, M. Sanada, S. Morimoto, Y. Takeda. “Noise reduction for switched reluctance motor with a hole.” Proceeding Power Converters Conference, vol. 3, 2002, pp 971-976.

[6] E. Serdar, Izci D., Yilmaz M. "Efficient speed control for DC motors using novel Gazelle simplex optimizer." IEEE Access, 2023, pp. 105830 – 105842.

[7] X.T. Bai, Y.H. Wu, K. Zhang, et al. “Radiation noise of the bearing applied to the ceramic motorized spindle based on the sub-source decomposition method.” J. Sound Vib., 410, 2017, pp 35-48.

[8] D.J. Kim, H.J. Kim, J.P. Hong, et al. “Estimation of acoustic noise and vibration in an induction machine considering rotor eccentricity.” IEEE Trans. Magn, vol. 50, 2, 2014, pp 857-860.

[9] H.J. Lee, S.U. Chung, S.M. Hwang. “Noise source identification of a BLDC motor.” Journal of mechanical science and Technology, vol. 22, 2008, pp 708-713.

[10] A. Lelkes, J. Krotsch, R.W. De Doncker. “Low-noise external rotor BLDC motor for fan applications in Conference Record of the 2002 IEEE Industry Applications Conference.” IEEE, vol. 3, 2002, pp 2036-2042.

[11] A. Sathyan, N. Milivojevic, Y.J. Lee, M. Krishnamurthy, A. Emadi. “An FPGA-based novel digital PWM control scheme for BLDC motor drives.” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 56. 8, 2009, pp 3040-3049.

[12] D.H. Cho, K.J. Kim. “Modeling of electromagnetic excitation forces of an induction motor for vibration and noise analysis.” Proceeding of the KSME Autumn A, 18 (2), 1997, pp 372-377.

[13] S. Nau, H. Mello. “Acoustic noise in induction motors: causes and solutions.” IEEE 2000 Petroleum and Chemical Industry Technical Conference, 2000, pp 253-263.

[14] B. Weilharter. “Noise Computation of Induction Machines.” 2012.

[15] S. Zuo, F. Lin, X. Wu. “Noise analysis, calculation, and reduction of external rotor permanent-magnet synchronous motor.” IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 62.10, 2015, pp 6204-6212.

[16] T.M. Jahns, W.L. Soong. “Pulsating torque minimization techniques for permanent magnet AC motor drives-a review.” IEEE Transactions on industrial electronics, vol. 43. 2, 1996, pp 321-330.

[17] K.S. Kim, C.M. Lee, G.Y. Hwang, et al. “Effects of the number of poles on the acoustic noise from BLDC motors.” Springer J. Mech. Sci. Technol., vol. 25. 2, 2011, pp 273-277.

[18] A. Glowacz. “Thermographic fault diagnosis of ventilation in BLDC motors.” Sensors, 21(21), 2021, 7245.

[19] K.T. Chau, C.C. Chan, C. Liu. “Overview of permanent magnet brushless drives for electric and hybrid electric vehicles.” IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 55, 6, 2008, pp 2246-2257.

[20] P.C. Desai, A. Emadi. “A novel digital control technique for brushless DC motor drives Current control.” IEEE Electronics Machine Drives Conference, 2005, pp 326-331.