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            <front>

                <journal-meta>
                                    <journal-id></journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                                                                                    <journal-title>Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
                            <issn pub-type="ppub">2147-284X</issn>
                                        <issn pub-type="epub">2147-284X</issn>
                                                                                            <publisher>
                    <publisher-name>MUSA YILMAZ</publisher-name>
                </publisher>
                    </journal-meta>
                <article-meta>
                                        <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17694/bajece.827342</article-id>
                                                                <article-categories>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="en">
                                                            <subject>Artificial Intelligence</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                            <subj-group  xml:lang="tr">
                                                            <subject>Yapay Zeka</subject>
                                                    </subj-group>
                                    </article-categories>
                                                                                                                                                        <title-group>
                                                                                                                                                            <article-title>Evaluation of Deep Learning Models for Smoking Recognition with Smartwatch and Smartphone Sensors</article-title>
                                                                                                    </title-group>
            
                                                    <contrib-group content-type="authors">
                                                                        <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3398-466X</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Akan</surname>
                                    <given-names>Yasemin</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>BOĞAZİÇİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5231-7008</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Ağaç</surname>
                                    <given-names>Sümeyye</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>BOĞAZİÇİ ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                    <contrib contrib-type="author">
                                                                    <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">
                                        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6229-7343</contrib-id>
                                                                <name>
                                    <surname>Durmaz İncel</surname>
                                    <given-names>Özlem</given-names>
                                </name>
                                                                    <aff>GALATASARAY ÜNİVERSİTESİ</aff>
                                                            </contrib>
                                                                                </contrib-group>
                        
                                        <pub-date pub-type="pub" iso-8601-date="20211030">
                    <day>10</day>
                    <month>30</month>
                    <year>2021</year>
                </pub-date>
                                        <volume>9</volume>
                                        <issue>4</issue>
                                        <fpage>354</fpage>
                                        <lpage>364</lpage>
                        
                        <history>
                                    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="20201117">
                        <day>11</day>
                        <month>17</month>
                        <year>2020</year>
                    </date>
                                                    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="20210803">
                        <day>08</day>
                        <month>03</month>
                        <year>2021</year>
                    </date>
                            </history>
                                        <permissions>
                    <copyright-statement>Copyright © 2013, Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering</copyright-statement>
                    <copyright-year>2013</copyright-year>
                    <copyright-holder>Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering</copyright-holder>
                </permissions>
            
                                                                                                                        <abstract><p>Smartwatches and smartphones are extensively used in human activity recognition, particularly for step counting and daily sports applications, thanks to the motion sensors integrated into these devices. Machine learning algorithms are often utilized to process sensor data and classify the activities. There are many studies that explore the use of traditional classification algorithms in activity recognition, however, recently, deep learning approaches are also receiving attention. In this paper, we use a dataset that particularly consists of smoking-related activities and explores the recognition performance of three deep learning architectures, namely Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM)}, Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). We evaluate their performances according to different hyperparameters, different sensor types and device types. The results show that the performance of LSTM is much higher than that of CNN and RNN. Moreover, the use of magnetometer and gyroscope together with accelerometer data improves the performance. Use of data from smartphone sensors also enhances the performance results and the final accuracy with the best parameter combinations is observed to be 98%.</p></abstract>
                                                            
            
                                                                                        <kwd-group>
                                                    <kwd>Deep learning</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Sensors</kwd>
                                                    <kwd>  Activity recognition</kwd>
                                            </kwd-group>
                            
                                                                                                                                                <funding-group specific-use="FundRef">
                    <award-group>
                                                    <funding-source>
                                <named-content content-type="funder_name">Tübitak</named-content>
                            </funding-source>
                                                                            <award-id>117E761</award-id>
                                            </award-group>
                </funding-group>
                                </article-meta>
    </front>
    <back>
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    </article>
