Remote Maintenance and Software Update Methods for Connected Vehicles

Öz

While building smart living areas, the main purpose is to increase the quality and comfort of life without compromising health and safety. With the increase of new technologies used in growing and updated modern living areas, we witness that the needs are shaped and changed with this change. The primary purpose of each new technology is to offer more safety, health, comfort and convenience to the person, organization or structure that it addresses. The basic means of the connected vehicles has been to ensure the safety of the user in the best way, and people expect more than vehicle. With the widespread use of autonomous vehicles, that is without driver assistant, in the near future, vehicles are expected to connect and communicate with the ecosystem structured for the future and among themselves. Thanks to this communication that the vehicles have, the traffic flow on the route, the road condition, the location of the pedestrians around, possible malfunctions and failures that may occur and all such information will be shared by the vehicle with each other and the future ecosystem. On the other hand, while the vehicles are becoming more connected with any of useful technologies, thanks to the remote connection provided by their technology, manufacturers can easily develop their vehicles without recalling. In this study, information was given about the connected vehicles, the remote connection infrastructure and methods. The advantages provided by these systems are explained.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Connected Vehicles
• Over The Air (OTA)
• Firmware Over The Air (FOTA)
• Software Over The Air (SOTA)
• Remote maintenance

Kaynakça

1. Ericsson < https://www.ericsson.com/en/internet-of-things/automotive>, Accessed: 24 March 2023.
2. BMW , Accessed: 24 March 2023.
3. https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/vehicles/passenger-cars/mercedes-benz-concept-cars/vision-avtr/ Accessed: 24 March 2023.
4. E. Uhlemann. “Introducing Connected Vehicles.” [Connected Vehicles] in IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 23-31, March 2015, doi: 10.1109/MVT.2015.2390920.
5. B. Masini, G. Ferrari, C. Silva, I. Thibault. “Connected Vehicles: Applications and Communication Challenges.” Mobile Information Systems. 2017. 1-2. 10.1155/2017/1082183.
6. G. S. Vasilash. “OnStar: 10 Years After.” Automotive Design and Production, 2006.
7. K. R. Chen, L. Chun-Chung, H. Cheng-Hung H. “Vehicle burglar alarm system with GPS recognition.” U.S. Patent No. 7,151,441. 19.
8. S. Lee, G. Tewolde, J. Kwon. “Design and implementation of vehicle tracking system using GPS/GSM/GPRS technology and smartphone application.” IEEE World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), Seoul, 2014, pp. 353-358, doi: 10.1109/WF-IoT.2014.6803187.

9. Kiran, Jonnalagadda Surya, and Pranay Reddy Jakkala. "Cyber Security and Risk Analysis on Connected Autonomous Vehicles." Solid State Technology (2020): 10161-10176.
10. S. K. Datta, R. Costa, J. Härri, C. Bonnet. “Integrating connected vehicles in Internet of Things ecosystems: Challenges and solutions.” 1-6. 10.1109/WoWMoM.2016.7523574.
11. J. He, A. Radford, Z. Xiong, Z. Tang, X. Fu, S. Leng, F. Wu, K. Huang, J. Huang, J. Zhang, Y. Zhang. “Cooperative Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAV): Research, Applications and Challenges.” 1-6. 10.1109/ICNP.2019.8888126, 2019.
12. M. Bennis, M. Debbah, H. V. Poor. “Ultrareliable and low-latency wireless communication: Tail, risk, and scale.” Proceedings of the IEEE, 106(10), 1834-1853, 2018.
13. S. Parkinson, P. Ward, K. Wilson, J. Miller. “Cyber Threats Facing Autonomous and Connected Vehicles: Future Challenges.” IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, vol. 18, no. 11, pp. 2898-2915, Nov. 2017, doi: 10.1109/TITS.2017.2665968.
14. T. Nawrath, D. Fischer, B. Markscheffel. “Privacy-sensitive data in connected cars.” 11th International Conference for Internet Technology and Secured Transactions (ICITST), Barcelona, 2016, pp. 392-393, doi: 10.1109/ICITST.2016.7856736.
15. S. Chen, J. Hu, Y. Shi. “LTE-V: A TD-LTE based V2X Solution for Future Vehicular Network.” IEEE Internet of Things Journal. PP. 1-1. 10.1109/JIOT.2016.2611605.
16. https://www.cypress.com/blog/corporate/driving-connected-car-revolution Accessed: 24 March 2023.
17. Karel , Accessed: 01 May 2020.
18. Y. Zhou, X. Wu, P. Wang. “Secure Software Updates for Intelligent Connected Vehicles.” Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), 3, 109-112.
19. A. Kanda, T. Kurafuji, K. Takeda, T. Ogawa, Y. Taito, K. Yoshihara, M. Nakano, T. Ito, H. Kondo, T. Kono. “A 24MB Embedded Flash System Based on 28nm SG-MONOS Featuring 240MHz Read Operations and Robust Over-The-Air Software Update for Automotive Applications.” IEEE Solid-State Circuits Letters. PP. 1-1. 10.1109/LSSC.2019.2948813.
20. M. Steger, A. Dorri, S. Kanhere, K. Römer, R. Jurdak, M. Karner. “Secure Wireless Automotive Software Up-dates using Blockchains – A Proof of Concept.”
21. D. Coe, J. Kulick, A. Milenkovic, L. Etzkorn. “Virtualized In Situ Software Update Verification: Verification of Over-the-Air Automotive Software Updates.” IEEE Vehicular Technology Magazine. PP. 10.1109/MVT.2019.2954302.
22. Ş. Okul, M. A. Aydin, F. Keleş. “Security Problems and Attacks on Smart Cars.” In: Boyaci A., Ekti A., Aydin M., Yarkan S. (eds) International Telecommunications Conference. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 504. Springer, Singapore.
23. K. Mayilsamy, N. Ramachandran, V. Raj. “An integrated approach for data security in vehicle diagnostics over internet protocol and software update over the air.” Computers & Electrical Engineering. 71. 578-593. 10.1016/j.compeleceng.2018.08.002.
24. Motor Vehicle Safety: Issues for Congress 24 March 2023.
25. A. Freiwald, G. Hwang. “Safe and Secure Software Updates Over The Air for Electronic Brake Control Systems.” SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Electronic and Electrical Systems. 10. 10.4271/2016-01-1948.
26. A. Camek, C. Buckl, A. Knoll, A. “Future cars: necessity for an adaptive and distributed multiple independent levels of security architecture.” 17-24. 10.1145/2461446.2461450.
27. https://www.abiresearch.com/press/abi-research-anticipates- accelerated-adoption-auto/ Accessed: 24 March 2023.
28. M. Khurram, H. Kumar, A. Chandak, V. Sarwade, N. Arora, T. Quach. “Enhancing connected car adoption: Security and over the air update framework.” IEEE 3rd World Forum on Internet of Things (WF-IoT), Reston, VA, 2016, pp. 194-198, doi: 10.1109/WF-IoT.2016.7845430.
29. Connectedcars , Accessed: 24 March 2023.
30. Daimler , Accessed: 24 March 2023.
31. Terzi, Umit Kemalettin, Huseyin Enes Ilhan, Habib Kaymaz, Hasan Erdal, and Huseyin Çalik. "A review of commercial electric vehicle charging methods." Promet-Traffic&Transportation 32, no. 2 (2020): 291-307.