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The Possible External Factor Effecting On NO2 Molecule During Lightning Flash Under Corona Discharge

Yıl 2021, , 82 - 86, 20.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17678/beuscitech.1015137

Öz

The focus in this study is on the formation of the NO2 molecule on the O+NO system, which is the atom-diatom reaction that occurs the most according to the molecular concentrations formed as a result of lightning flashes. In this study, it was mentioned that another external effect that affects NO2 molecule concentrations, other than temperature and visible electromagnetic radiation, is the electric field. This will suppress the formation of O2 at high temperatures and the formation of NO concentration at low temperature, as it increases the barrier in the product channel on the reaction pathway and NO+O recombination in the reactant channel under favorable conditions. Under these two conditions, the NO2 population might be supported by electric field.

Teşekkür

The numerical calculations reported in this paper were partially performed at TUBITAK ULAKBIM, High Performance and Grid Computing Center (TRUBA resources). That is why, the author is grateful to the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey for TR-Grid facilities and to Bitlis Eren University for Gaussian09W and GaussView5.0 Program support.

Kaynakça

  • Bazelyan EM, Raizer YP, Aleksandrov NL (2008). Corona Initiated from Grounded Objects Under Thunderstorm Conditions and its Influence on Lightning Attachment, Plasma Sources Sci. Thechnol. 17: 024015. doi:10.1088/0963-0252/17/2/024015.
  • Coleman LM, Marshall TC, Stolzenburg M, Hamlin T, Krehbiel PR et al. (2003). Effects of Charge and Electrostatic Potential on Lightning Propagation. Journal of Geophysical Research 108 (D9): 4298. doi:10.1029/2002JD002718.
  • Fedotov VG, EYa F (2015). The Chain Reaction of Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxidation, Initiated by an Electric Discharge in Air, J. Phys. Chem. Biophysics, 5: 195. doi:10.4172/2161-0398.1000195.
  • Franzblau E, Popp CJ (1989). Nitrogen Oxides Produced from Lightning, Journal of Geophysical Research, 94 (D8): 89-104. doi:10.1029/JD094iD08p11089.
  • Frisch MJ, Trucks GW, Schlegel HB, Scuseria GE, Robb MA, et al. (2009). Gaussian 09, Revision A.1, Gaussian Inc., Wallingford CT.
  • Grebenshchikov SY, Beck C, Flöthmann H, Schinke R, Kato S (1999). Unimolecular Dissociation of NO2. I. Classical Trajectory and Statistical Calculations on a Global Potential Energy Surface, J. Chem. Phys. 111: 619. doi.org/10.1063/1.479342.
  • Hill RD, Rinker RG, Wilson HD (1980). Atmospheric Nitrogen Fixation by Lightning, Journal of Atmos. Sci. 37: 179-192. doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1980)037<0179:ANFBL>2.0.CO;2.
  • Ivanov MV, Zhu H, Schinke R (2007). Theoretical Investigation of Exchange and Recombination Reactions in O(3P) + NO (2Π) Collisions, The Journal of Chemical Physics 126: 054304. doi.org/10.1063/1.2430715.
  • Jacobson MZ and Streets DG. 2009. Influence of Future Anthropogenic Emissions on Climate, Natural Emissions and Air Quality. Journal of Geophysical Research 114: D08118. doi:10.1029/2008JD011476.
  • Kherbouche F, Benmimoun Y, Tilmatine A, Zouaghi A, Zouzou N (2016). Study of a New Electrostatic Precipitator with Asymnetrical Wire-to- Cylinder configuration for Cement Particles Collection, Journal of Electrostatics 83: 7-15. doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2016.07.001.
  • Kunova O, Nagnibeda E (2017). On the Influence of State-Resolved Rates of Zeldovich Reactions on Shock Heated Air Flow Parameters, J. Phys., Conf. Ser. 815: 012009. pp. 1-8.
  • Lagzi I, Meszaros R, Gelybo G, Leelossy A (2013). Atmospheric Chemistry, Eötvös Lorand University, Consortium Members: ELTE Faculties of Science Student Foundation, ITStudy Hungary Ltd.
  • Larossi S, Poscolieri M, Rafanelli C, Franceschinis D, Rondini A et al. (2011). The Measure of Atmospheric Electric Field.In G. Neri et al. (eds.), Sensors and Microsystems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 91, Springer Science+Business Media B.V, pp. 175-179.
  • Levine IN (1995). Physical Chemistry. 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York.
  • MacGorman DR, Rust WD (1998). The Electrical Nature of Storms, Oxford University Press. Inc., 198 Madison Avenue, New York 10016.
  • Michalski G, Jost R, Sugny D, Joyeux M, Thiemens M (2004). Dissociation Energies of Six NO2 Isotopologues by Laser Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Zero-Point Energy of Some Triatomic Molecules, J. Chem. Phys. 121: 7153. doi:10.1063/1.1792233
  • Rakov VA, Uman MA (2003). Lightining Physics and Effects. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, CB2 2RU, UK.
  • Riba JR, Morosini A, Capelli F (2018). Comparative Study of AC and Positive and Negative DC Visual Corona for Sphere- Plane Gaps in Atmospheric Air, Energies, 11: 2671. doi.org/10.3390/en11102671.
  • Ripoll J-F, Zinn J, Jeffery CA, and Colestock PL. (2014). On the Dynamics of Hot Air Plasmas Related to Lightning Discharges: 1. Gas dynamics. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 9196–9217.
  • Salonen H, Salthammer T, Morawska L (2019). Human exposure to NO2 in School and indoor environments, Environment International, 130: 104887. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.081.
  • Sayos R, Oliva C, Gonzalez M (2002). New Analytical (2A’, 4A’) Surfaces and Theoretical Rate Constants for the N(4S) + O2 Reaction, Journal of chemical Physics, 117 (2): 670-679. doi.org/10.1063/1.1483853.
  • Schumann U, Huntrieser H (2007). The global Lightning-Induced Nitrogen Oxides Source, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7: 3823-3907. doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3823-2007.
  • Smirnov SE, Marapulets YV (2012). Influence of a Single Lightning Discharge on the Intensity of an Air Electric Field and Acoustic Emission of Near-Surface Rocks, Soild Earth, 3: 307-311. doi.org/10.5194/se-3-307-2012.
  • Tuck AF (1976). Production of Nitrogen Oxides by Lightning Discharges, Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 102: 749-755. doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710243404.
  • Wolfram Research, Inc., (2019). Mathematica, Version 12.0, Champaign, IL.
Yıl 2021, , 82 - 86, 20.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17678/beuscitech.1015137

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Bazelyan EM, Raizer YP, Aleksandrov NL (2008). Corona Initiated from Grounded Objects Under Thunderstorm Conditions and its Influence on Lightning Attachment, Plasma Sources Sci. Thechnol. 17: 024015. doi:10.1088/0963-0252/17/2/024015.
  • Coleman LM, Marshall TC, Stolzenburg M, Hamlin T, Krehbiel PR et al. (2003). Effects of Charge and Electrostatic Potential on Lightning Propagation. Journal of Geophysical Research 108 (D9): 4298. doi:10.1029/2002JD002718.
  • Fedotov VG, EYa F (2015). The Chain Reaction of Atmospheric Nitrogen Oxidation, Initiated by an Electric Discharge in Air, J. Phys. Chem. Biophysics, 5: 195. doi:10.4172/2161-0398.1000195.
  • Franzblau E, Popp CJ (1989). Nitrogen Oxides Produced from Lightning, Journal of Geophysical Research, 94 (D8): 89-104. doi:10.1029/JD094iD08p11089.
  • Frisch MJ, Trucks GW, Schlegel HB, Scuseria GE, Robb MA, et al. (2009). Gaussian 09, Revision A.1, Gaussian Inc., Wallingford CT.
  • Grebenshchikov SY, Beck C, Flöthmann H, Schinke R, Kato S (1999). Unimolecular Dissociation of NO2. I. Classical Trajectory and Statistical Calculations on a Global Potential Energy Surface, J. Chem. Phys. 111: 619. doi.org/10.1063/1.479342.
  • Hill RD, Rinker RG, Wilson HD (1980). Atmospheric Nitrogen Fixation by Lightning, Journal of Atmos. Sci. 37: 179-192. doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1980)037<0179:ANFBL>2.0.CO;2.
  • Ivanov MV, Zhu H, Schinke R (2007). Theoretical Investigation of Exchange and Recombination Reactions in O(3P) + NO (2Π) Collisions, The Journal of Chemical Physics 126: 054304. doi.org/10.1063/1.2430715.
  • Jacobson MZ and Streets DG. 2009. Influence of Future Anthropogenic Emissions on Climate, Natural Emissions and Air Quality. Journal of Geophysical Research 114: D08118. doi:10.1029/2008JD011476.
  • Kherbouche F, Benmimoun Y, Tilmatine A, Zouaghi A, Zouzou N (2016). Study of a New Electrostatic Precipitator with Asymnetrical Wire-to- Cylinder configuration for Cement Particles Collection, Journal of Electrostatics 83: 7-15. doi.org/10.1016/j.elstat.2016.07.001.
  • Kunova O, Nagnibeda E (2017). On the Influence of State-Resolved Rates of Zeldovich Reactions on Shock Heated Air Flow Parameters, J. Phys., Conf. Ser. 815: 012009. pp. 1-8.
  • Lagzi I, Meszaros R, Gelybo G, Leelossy A (2013). Atmospheric Chemistry, Eötvös Lorand University, Consortium Members: ELTE Faculties of Science Student Foundation, ITStudy Hungary Ltd.
  • Larossi S, Poscolieri M, Rafanelli C, Franceschinis D, Rondini A et al. (2011). The Measure of Atmospheric Electric Field.In G. Neri et al. (eds.), Sensors and Microsystems, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering 91, Springer Science+Business Media B.V, pp. 175-179.
  • Levine IN (1995). Physical Chemistry. 4th Edition, McGraw-Hill, Inc., New York.
  • MacGorman DR, Rust WD (1998). The Electrical Nature of Storms, Oxford University Press. Inc., 198 Madison Avenue, New York 10016.
  • Michalski G, Jost R, Sugny D, Joyeux M, Thiemens M (2004). Dissociation Energies of Six NO2 Isotopologues by Laser Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Zero-Point Energy of Some Triatomic Molecules, J. Chem. Phys. 121: 7153. doi:10.1063/1.1792233
  • Rakov VA, Uman MA (2003). Lightining Physics and Effects. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, CB2 2RU, UK.
  • Riba JR, Morosini A, Capelli F (2018). Comparative Study of AC and Positive and Negative DC Visual Corona for Sphere- Plane Gaps in Atmospheric Air, Energies, 11: 2671. doi.org/10.3390/en11102671.
  • Ripoll J-F, Zinn J, Jeffery CA, and Colestock PL. (2014). On the Dynamics of Hot Air Plasmas Related to Lightning Discharges: 1. Gas dynamics. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 119, 9196–9217.
  • Salonen H, Salthammer T, Morawska L (2019). Human exposure to NO2 in School and indoor environments, Environment International, 130: 104887. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.081.
  • Sayos R, Oliva C, Gonzalez M (2002). New Analytical (2A’, 4A’) Surfaces and Theoretical Rate Constants for the N(4S) + O2 Reaction, Journal of chemical Physics, 117 (2): 670-679. doi.org/10.1063/1.1483853.
  • Schumann U, Huntrieser H (2007). The global Lightning-Induced Nitrogen Oxides Source, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 7: 3823-3907. doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-3823-2007.
  • Smirnov SE, Marapulets YV (2012). Influence of a Single Lightning Discharge on the Intensity of an Air Electric Field and Acoustic Emission of Near-Surface Rocks, Soild Earth, 3: 307-311. doi.org/10.5194/se-3-307-2012.
  • Tuck AF (1976). Production of Nitrogen Oxides by Lightning Discharges, Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 102: 749-755. doi.org/10.1002/qj.49710243404.
  • Wolfram Research, Inc., (2019). Mathematica, Version 12.0, Champaign, IL.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ezman Karabulut 0000-0003-4806-8576

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 26 Ekim 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021

Kaynak Göster

IEEE E. Karabulut, “The Possible External Factor Effecting On NO2 Molecule During Lightning Flash Under Corona Discharge”, Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science and Technology, c. 11, sy. 2, ss. 82–86, 2021, doi: 10.17678/beuscitech.1015137.