YAPAY ZEKA ÇAĞINDA YAZARLIK KAVRAMI: YARATICILIK KODLANABİLİR

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 232 - 272, 13.02.2024

Abdulbaki Türkmenoğlu

Öz

Yakın tarihte, makinelerin gelişimi ve ilerlemesi sürekli olarak fikri mülkiyet kavramına ve onun temel ilkelerine meydan okumuştur. Yazarların eserlerinin makineler aracılığıyla kitlesel üretimi, yaratıcıların haklarını korumak amacıyla telif hakkı kanunlarının ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Teknoloji geliştikçe, yapay zekâ sistemleri gibi yeni makine türlerinin gelişimi, telif hakkı kanununda yazarlık kavramının yeniden tartışılmasını tetiklemiştir. Bu ileri düzey makineler yaratıcı olarak kabul edilebilir ve özgün eserler üretebilirler mi? Eğer öyleyse, bu çıktıların yazarı kim kabul edilmelidir: yapay zekâ yazılımının yaratıcısı mı, onun son kullanıcısı mı yoksa yapay zekânın kendisi mi? Özellikle son yıllarda gelişen yapay zekâ sistemlerinin, insanlar tarafından yaratılanlardan ayırt edilemeyecek derecede özgün eserler üretebildiğinin anlaşılması, telif hakkı hukukunda yaratıcılık ve özgünlük gibi temel kavramların dikkatlice yeniden değerlendirilmesini gerektirmektedir. Bu bağlamda, bu makale öncelikle telif hakkı kanunlarında yaratıcılık kavramını incelemeyi ve yapay zekâ sistemlerinin yaratıcılığına karşı sunulan argümanları tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır. Psikoloji, felsefe ve sinirbilimi alanlarında bazı yaratıcılık teorilerini ve yaklaşımlarını derinlemesine inceledikten sonra; yaratıcılığın kodlanabileceğini ve yapay zeka sistemlerinin yaratıcı olabileceğini savunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Telif Hakları, Fikri ve Sınai Haklar, Yapay Zeka, Yaratıcılık, Yazarlık

COPYRIGHT AUTHORSHIP IN THE AGE OF AI: CREATIVITY CAN BE CODED

Öz

Through recent history, the development and advancement of machines has constantly challenged the concept of intellectual property and its foundational principles. The mass production of works of authorship through machines led to the emergence of copyright law as a means of protecting the rights of creators. As technology continues to evolve, the development of new forms of machine, such as artificially intelligent systems, has sparked discussions of the concept of authorship in copyright law. Can these advanced machines be deemed creative and produce original works? If so, who should be recognised as the author of these outputs – the creator of the program, the user or the machine itself? With the realisation that artificial intelligence systems, which have flourished in recent years, can produce unique works that are indistinguishable from those created by humans, these questions highlight the need for a careful reconsideration of the fundamental concepts of authorship like creativity and originality in copyright law. In this regard, this article primarily aims to explore the concept of creativity in copyright laws and discuss the arguments against AI creativity. By delving into various theories and approaches to creativity in the fields of psychology, philosophy and neuroscience; it argues that creativity can be coded, and artificial intelligence systems can be creative.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Copyright, Intellectual Property, Artificial Intelligence, Creativity, Authorship

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