Risk Factors and Angiographic Characteristics of Coronary Artery Disease Requiring Revascularisation In Young Adults: A Single Centre Experience

Öz

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most frequent cause of mortality and morbidity world-wide. Advanced age is one of the most important risk factor for progression of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD) is often seen over 45-years in male and 55 years in female population. However, there is a significant increase in the prevalence of myocardial infarction (MI) in young population recently. The aim of this study is to identify the most prevalent risk factors for CAD in the young population who presented with cardiac complaints and underwent coronary angiography (CAG) and to determine the primary and secondary prevention strategies along with the treatment strategies. Method: Young patients who have had cardiac complaints and received CAG during the last 10 years were screened retrospectively. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics and medications were collected retrospectively from the review of the medical records and cardiac catheterization database. A total of 113 cases were enrolled to the study. In all patients CAG was performed. Subjects were then classified in to two main groups according to their needs for revascularisation. Those subjects who didn’t require coronary revascularisation after CAG were enrolled to the control group (Group 1); and those who needed coronary revascularisation were enrolled to the patient group (Group 2). SPSS 15.0 for Windows program was used for statistical analysis. For categorical variables descriptive statistics were; number and percentage. For numerical variables descriptive statistics were; mean, standard deviation, minimum, maximum, median. When the independent two-group comparisons of numerical variables provided normal distribution condition the Student's t test was performed, while Mann-Whitney U test was performed when the normal distribution condition was not met. Rates in independent groups were compared with Chi square test. Statistical significance level of alpha was accepted as p<0,05. Results: The prevalence of male gender was significantly higher than female gender among the groups (p=0.002). There was no statistically significant difference between groups in respect to mean value of BMI (p=0.105). Smoking and average number of cigarettes smoked was significantly higher in Group 2 patients (p<0.001; p=0.002). There were no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding to their additional co-morbidities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• coronary artery disease in young,risk factors for atherosclerosis

Gençlerde Revaskülarizasyon Gerektiren Koroner Arter Hastalığı Risk Faktörleri ve Anjiyografik Özellikleri: Tek Merkez Deneyimi

Öz

Kardiyovasküler hastalık (KVH) en sık ölüm ve morbidite nedenlerindendir. İleri yaş aterosklerozun ilerlemesinde en önemli risk faktörlerinden biridir. Koroner arter hastalığı (KAH) genellikle erkeklerde 45 yaşın ve kadın popülasyonda 55 yaş üstünde görülür. Bununla birlikte, genç popülasyonda miyokard enfarktüsünün (MI) prevalansında önemli bir artış vardır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kalp şikayetleri ile başvuran ve koroner anjiyografi (KAG) yapılan genç popülasyonda KAH için en yaygın risk faktörlerini tanımlamak ve tedavi stratejileri ile birlikte birincil ve ikincil önleme stratejilerini belirlemektir. Metod: Son 10 yıl içinde kardiyak şikayetlerle gelerek KAG yapılmış genç hastalar geriye dönük olarak tarandı. Çalışmaya toplam 113 olgu alındı.  Revaskülarizasyon ihtiyaçlarına göre iki ana gruba ayrıldı. KAG sonrası koroner revaskülarizasyon gerektirmeyen olgular kontrol, ​​(Grup 1); Koroner revaskülarizasyon ihtiyacı olanlar ise hasta grubu (Grup 2) şeklinde sınıflandırıldı. İstatistiksel analiz için SPSS 15.0 for Windows programı kullanıldı. Kategorik değişkenler için tanımlayıcı istatistikler; sayı ve yüzde olarak ifade edildi. Sayısal değişkenler için tanımlayıcı istatistikler; ortalama, standart sapma, minimum, maksimum, medyan şeklinde ifade edildi. İki değişkenli bağımsız değişkenlerin sayısal dağılımları normal dağılım koşulu sağladığında, Student t testi, normal dağılım koşulu sağlanamadığında Mann-Whitney U testi yapıldı. Bağımsız gruplardaki oranlar Ki kare testi ile karşılaştırıldı. Alfa'nın istatistiksel anlamlılık düzeyi p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Sonuç: Erkek cinsiyet prevalansı, gruplar arasında kadın cinsiyetten anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p=0.002). BKİ'nin ortalama değerinde gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p=0.105). Sigara ve ortalama sigara sayısı Grup 2'de anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0.001; p=0.002). İlave komorbiditeler açısından gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• genç erişkinde koroner arter hastalığı,aterosklerotikrisk faktörleri

Kaynakça

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