Mini Derleme: Uyku ve Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesi

Abstract

Çocukluk çağı obezitesi, giderek yaygınlaşan ve çocuklarda çeşitli sosyal, fizyolojik ve psikolojik sorunlara yol açan karmaşık bir endokrin sorundur. Bu sorunun kötüleşmesinin birçok nedeni vardır. 2024 yılında beş yaşın altındaki çocuk nüfusunun 35 milyona ulaşacağı, 2022 yılında ise 5-19 yaş arası fazla kilolu olarak sınıflandırılan çocuk ve ergen sayısının 390 milyonu aşacağı tahmin edilmektedir. Türkiye'de çocukluk çağı obezitesinin yaygınlığı son yıllarda artış göstermektedir. Uyku ise, enfeksiyon kontrolü ve iyileşmesi, beyin gelişimi ve bilişsel performans (uyanıklık ve hafıza gibi) ve ruh hali, duygu ve davranış düzenlemesi gibi birçok işleve sahiptir. Gerekli uyku miktarı yaşa göre değişir. Yeterli uyku alamayan çocuk ve ergenlerin dikkat, duygu düzenleme açısından zorluklar yaşadıkları ve sinirlilik, dürtüsellik veya ruh hali dengesizliği gösterebildikleri bilinmektedir. Kısa uyku süresinin leptin seviyelerinde azalma ve ghrelin seviyelerinde artış ile ilişkili olduğu iyi bilinmektedir. Bu değişiklikler, iştah artışıyla bağlantılıdır ve potansiyel olarak aşırı yeme ve vücut kitle indeksinin yükselmesine yol açabilmektedir. Kötü uyku zamanlaması, geç yatma veya gerektiği kadar uyuyamama, "kaymış" veya "gecikmiş" bir uyku evresinin göstergesi olabilmektedir. Uyku eksikliği, herkesin, özellikle de çocukların genel uzun vadeli sağlığı üzerinde olumsuz bir etkiye sahip olmaktadır.

Keywords

• Çocukluk çağı obezitesi
• Uyku
• obezite

Mini Review: Sleep and Chilhood Obesity

Abstract

Childhood obesity is a complex endocrine issue that is becoming more common and often leads to various social, physiological and psychological problems in children. There are many reasons why this problem is getting worse. It is estimated that in 2024, the global population of children under the age of five will reach 35 million, while in 2022, the number of children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 19 who are categorised as overweight will exceed 390 million. The prevalence of childhood obesity in Türkiye has been increasing in recent years. Sleep has many functions, including infection control and healing, brain development and cognitive performance (such as alertness and memory), and mood, emotion, and behaviour regulation. The amount of sleep required changes with age. Children and adolescents who do not receive adequate sleep are known to experience difficulties in terms of attention, emotional regulation, and may display irritability, impulsivity, or mood instability. It is well-known that short sleep duration is associated with decreased leptin levels and increased ghrelin levels. These changes are linked to increased appetite, potentially leading to overeating and an elevated body mass index. Poor sleep timing, late bedtimes or not getting as much sleep as needed may indicate a 'slipped' or 'delayed' sleep phase. A lack of sleep can have a detrimental effect on the general long-term health of everyone, but especially children

Keywords

• Childhood obesity
• sleep
• obesity

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