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Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity : could it have a role on coagulation in covid-19 patients?

Year 2023, , 503 - 510, 11.09.2023

Tülin Bayrak , Gülsen Şener , Emel Sağlam Gökmen , Ahmet Bayrak

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1033882

Abstract

Objective: Abnormal immune inflammatory response and cytokine storm play an important role on the aspect of increasing mortality in Covid-19. We aimed to investigate whether the Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase activity (PAF-AH) and hematological parameters have prognostic and predictive value in determining the disease severity.
Methods: A total of 84 Covid-19 patients, 52 of whom were hospitalized in the ward and 32 in the intensive care unit (ICU), and 38 control patients were included in this study.
Results: Lymphocyte and serum albumin levels were significantly lower (p < .001) and age, neutrophils, CRP, procalcitonin, LDH, INR, D-dimer levels were significantly higher (p < .001) in Covid-19 patients compared to the control group. ICU patients had significantly lower (p < .001) lymphocyte, albumin values and significantly higher (p < .001) age, leukocyte, neutrophils, CRP, INR, aPTT, D-dimer levels compared to ward patients. PAF-AH activity was significantly increased in ICU patients compared to the control group (p < .05). A positive correlation was found between PAF-AH and D-Dimer in the ICU group.
Conclusion: We found increased PAF-AH activity in patients with Covid-19. It’s important to spot the PAF-AH activity in cardiovascular events that develop due to coagulation problems, which are likely to be seen on these patients in the future.

Keywords

hematological parameters D-Dimer INR aPTT

References

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  • World Health Organization. Critical preparedness, readiness and response actions for COVID-19. Published [22 March 2020]. Updated [27 May 2021]. Accessed [06 March 2022]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/critical-preparedness-readiness-and-response-actions-for-covid-19
  • Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020;395(10229):1054-1062. DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
  • Tolksdorf K, Buda S, Schuler E, Wieler LH, Haas W. Influenza-associated pneumonia as reference to assess seriousness of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Euro Surveill. 2020;25(11): 2000258. DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917
  • Siddiqi KH, Mandeep RM. COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: A clinical-therapeutic staging proposal. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 2020; 39(5):405-407. DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.03.012
  • Klok FA, Kruip MJHA, van der Meer NJM, Arbous MS, Gommers DAMPJ, Kant KM, Kaptein FHJ, van Paassen J, Stals MAM, Huisman MV, Endeman H. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19. Thromb Res. 2020;191:145-147. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.013
  • Shao Y, Ning Z, Chen J, Geng Y, Gu W, Huang J, Pei H, Shen Y, Jiang J. Prognostic nomogram integrated systemic inflammation score for patients with esophageal squamouscell carcinoma undergoing radical esophagectomy. Scientific Reports 2015;(22)5:18811. DOI: 10.1038/srep18811
  • Demirdal T, Sen P. The significance of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, plateletlymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio in predicting peripheral arterial disease, peripheral neuropathy, osteomyelitis and amputation in diabetic foot infection. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;(144):118–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.08.009
  • Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA, Stafforini DM, McIntyre TM. Platelet-activating factor and related lipid mediators. Annu Rev Biochem. 2000;(69):419-445. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.419.
  • Camussi G, Tetta C, Baglioni C. The role of platelet activating factor in inflammation. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1990;(57)331-338. DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(90)90108-3.
  • Neto HCCF, Stafforini DM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA. Regulating inflammation through the anti-inflammatory enzyme platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2005;(100):83-91. DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762005000900014.
  • Noto H, Hara M, Karasawa K, Iso-O N, Satoh H, Togo M, Hashimoto Y, Yamada Y, Kosaka T, Kawamura M, Kimura S, Tsukamoto K. Human plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase binds to all the murine lipoproteins, conferring protection against oxidative stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23(5):829-835. DOI: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000067701.09398.18
  • Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, Liu L, Shan H, Lei CL, Hui DSC, Du B, Li LJ, Zeng G, Yuen KY, Chen RC, Tang CL, Wang T, Chen PY, Xiang J, Li SY, Wang JL, Liang ZJ, Peng YX, Wei L, China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708-1720. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
  • Zimmerman GA, Mclntyre TM, Prescott SM, Stafforini DM. The platelet-activating factor signaling system and its regulators in syndromes of inflammation and thrombosis. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(5):294–301. DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200205001-00020
  • TR Ministry of Health COVID-19 Guide. Published [04 June 2020]. Updated [17 September 2020]. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66113/covid-19.html
  • Stafforini DM, Mclntyre TM, Prescott SM. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase from human plasma. Methods Enzymol. 1990;(187):344–57. DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(90)87041-Z
  • Yao XH, Li TY, He ZC, Ping YF, Liu HW, Yu SC, Mou HM, Wang LH, Zhang HR, Fu WJ, Luo T, Liu F, Guo QN, Chen C, Xiao HL, Lin S, Shi YPan GQ, Li QR, Huang X, Cui Y, Tang W, Pan PF, Huang XQ, Ding YQ, Bian XW. A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimally invasive autopsies Case Report. 2020;49(5):411-417. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200312-00193.
  • Terpos E, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Elalamy I, Kastritis E, Sergentanis TN, Politou M, Psaltopoulou T, Gerotziafas G, Dimopoulos MA. Hematological findings and complications of COVID-19. Am J Hematol. 2020;95(7):834-847. DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25829.
  • Yang AP, Liu JP, Tao WQ, Li HM. The diagnostic and predictive role of NLR, d-NLR and PLR in COVID-19 patients. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020;(84):106504. DOI: 10.1016/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106504.
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA 2020;323(11):1061-1069. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  • Qin C, Zhou L, Hu Z, Zhang S, Yang S, Tao Y, Xie C, Ma K, Shang K, Wang W, Tian DS. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;(71):762-768. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa248
  • Norlander AE, Madhur MS, Harrison DG. The immunology of hypertension. J Exp Med. 2018;(215):21–33. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171773
  • Henry B. COVID-19, ECMO, and lymphopenia: a word of caution. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(4):e24. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30119-3
  • Opal SM, Girard TD, Ely EW. The immunopathogenesis of sepsis in elderly patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;15(41):S504–12. DOI: 10.1086/432007
  • Frater JL, Zini G, d'Onofrio G, Rogers HJ. COVID-19 and the clinical hematology laboratory. Int J Lab Hematol. 2020;42(1):11-18. DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13229.
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu We, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. Lancet 2020;395(10223):507–513. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
  • Fu J, Kong J, Wang W, Wu M, Yao L, Wang Z, Jin J, Wu D, Yu X. The clinical implication of dynamic neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and D-dimer in COVID-19: A retrospective study in Suzhou China. Thromb Res. 2020;(192):3-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.05.006
  • Sun S, Cai X, Wang H, He G, Lin Y, Lu B, Chen C, Pan Y, Hu X. Abnormalities of peripheral blood system in patients with COVID-19 in Wenzhou, China. Clin Chim Acta. 2020;507:174-180. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.024
  • Chng WJ, Lai HC, Earnest A, Kuperan P. Haematological parameters in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin Lab Haematol. 2005;27(1):15-20. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.2004.00652.x
  • Camp JV, Jonsson CB. A role for neutrophils in viral respiratory disease. Front. Immunol. 2017;(12)8:550. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00550
  • Mehta P, Mcauley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ, HLH Across Speciality Collaboration, UK. COVID-19: Consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1033-1034. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0
  • Zarychanski R, Houston DS. Assessing thrombocytopenia in the intensive care unit: The past, present, and future. Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2017;(1):660–666. DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.660
  • Qu R, Ling Y, Zhang YHZ, Wei LY, Chen X, Li XM, Liu XY, Liu HM, Guo Z, Ren H, Wang Q. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease-19. J Med Virol. 2020; 92(9):1533-1541. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25767
  • Levi M, van der Poll T. Coagulation and sepsis. Thrombosis Research 2017;(149):38-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.11.007
  • Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(4):844–847. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14768
  • Junior JSM, Miggioilaro AS, Nagashima S, Vaz de Paula CB, Baena CP, Scharfstein J, Noronha L. Mast cell degranulation in alveolar septa and SARS‐COV‐2: A pathogenic pathway linking insterstitial edema to immunothrombosis. Front Immunol. 2020;18(11):574862. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574862
  • Marshall JS, Portales‐Cervantes L, Leong E. Mast cell responses to viruses and pathogen products. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(17):4241. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174241
  • Theoharides TC. COVID‐19, pulmonary mast cells, cytokine storms, and beneficial actions of luteolin. Biofactors. 2020;46(3):306– 308. DOI: 10.1002/biof.1633.
  • Taş N, Bayrak T, Yağan Ö, Bayrak A, Noyan T. Evaluation of predictive effect of PAF-AH on the prognosis of intensive care unit patients. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry 2016;41(2):96-104. DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2016-0016
  • Claus RA, Russwurm S, Dohrn B, Bauer M, Lösche W. Plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(6):1416–9. DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000165807.26485.ed
  • Grissom CK, Orme Jr JF, Richer LD, Mclntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Elstad MR. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is increased in lung lavage fluid from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(3) 770–5. DOI: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000053647.82608.29
  • Triggiani M, De Marino V, Sofia M, Faraone S, Ambrosio G, Carratu L, Marone G. Characterization of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase in human bronchoalveolar lavage. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156(1) 94–100. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.1.9608084
  • E Benli E, Bayrak A, Çırakoğlu A, Bayrak T, Noyan T. Comparison of serum acetyl hydrolase (PAF-AH) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) values between prostate cancer patients and a control group. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2017;33(11):572-577. DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.06.016
  • Harris ES, Rondina MT, Schwertz H, Weyrich AS, Zimmerman GA. Pathogenesis of sepsis and sepsis-induced lung injury. Chol AMK, editors. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Choi, New York: 2009.p.51-53.
  • Demopoulos C, Antonopoulou S, Theoharides TC. COVID-19, microthromboses, inflammation, and platelet activating factor. Biofactors. 2020;46(6):927-933. DOI: 10.1002/biof.1696
  • Theoharides TC, Antonopoulou S, Demopoulos CA. Coronavirus 2019, Microthromboses, and Platelet Activating Factor. Clin Ther. 2020;42(10):1850–1852. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.08.006

Year 2023, , 503 - 510, 11.09.2023

Tülin Bayrak , Gülsen Şener , Emel Sağlam Gökmen , Ahmet Bayrak

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1033882

Abstract

References

  • D'Amico F, Baumgart D, Danese S, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Diarrhea during COVID-19 infection: Pathogenesis, epidemiology, prevention, and management. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;18(8):1663-1672. DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.04.001
  • World Health Organization. Critical preparedness, readiness and response actions for COVID-19. Published [22 March 2020]. Updated [27 May 2021]. Accessed [06 March 2022]. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/critical-preparedness-readiness-and-response-actions-for-covid-19
  • Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, Fan G, Liu Y, Liu Z, Xiang J, Wang Y, Song B, Gu X, Guan L, Wei Y, Li H, Wu X, Xu J, Tu S, Zhang Y, Chen H, Cao B. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: A retrospective cohort study. Lancet 2020;395(10229):1054-1062. DOI: 1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3
  • Tolksdorf K, Buda S, Schuler E, Wieler LH, Haas W. Influenza-associated pneumonia as reference to assess seriousness of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Euro Surveill. 2020;25(11): 2000258. DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917
  • Siddiqi KH, Mandeep RM. COVID-19 illness in native and immunosuppressed states: A clinical-therapeutic staging proposal. Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation 2020; 39(5):405-407. DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.03.012
  • Klok FA, Kruip MJHA, van der Meer NJM, Arbous MS, Gommers DAMPJ, Kant KM, Kaptein FHJ, van Paassen J, Stals MAM, Huisman MV, Endeman H. Incidence of thrombotic complications in critically ill ICU patients with COVID-19. Thromb Res. 2020;191:145-147. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.04.013
  • Shao Y, Ning Z, Chen J, Geng Y, Gu W, Huang J, Pei H, Shen Y, Jiang J. Prognostic nomogram integrated systemic inflammation score for patients with esophageal squamouscell carcinoma undergoing radical esophagectomy. Scientific Reports 2015;(22)5:18811. DOI: 10.1038/srep18811
  • Demirdal T, Sen P. The significance of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, plateletlymphocyte ratio and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio in predicting peripheral arterial disease, peripheral neuropathy, osteomyelitis and amputation in diabetic foot infection. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018;(144):118–125. DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.08.009
  • Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA, Stafforini DM, McIntyre TM. Platelet-activating factor and related lipid mediators. Annu Rev Biochem. 2000;(69):419-445. DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.419.
  • Camussi G, Tetta C, Baglioni C. The role of platelet activating factor in inflammation. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1990;(57)331-338. DOI: 10.1016/0090-1229(90)90108-3.
  • Neto HCCF, Stafforini DM, Prescott SM, Zimmerman GA. Regulating inflammation through the anti-inflammatory enzyme platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2005;(100):83-91. DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762005000900014.
  • Noto H, Hara M, Karasawa K, Iso-O N, Satoh H, Togo M, Hashimoto Y, Yamada Y, Kosaka T, Kawamura M, Kimura S, Tsukamoto K. Human plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase binds to all the murine lipoproteins, conferring protection against oxidative stress. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003;23(5):829-835. DOI: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000067701.09398.18
  • Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, Liu L, Shan H, Lei CL, Hui DSC, Du B, Li LJ, Zeng G, Yuen KY, Chen RC, Tang CL, Wang T, Chen PY, Xiang J, Li SY, Wang JL, Liang ZJ, Peng YX, Wei L, China Medical Treatment Expert Group for Covid-19. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708-1720. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
  • Zimmerman GA, Mclntyre TM, Prescott SM, Stafforini DM. The platelet-activating factor signaling system and its regulators in syndromes of inflammation and thrombosis. Crit Care Med. 2002;30(5):294–301. DOI: 10.1097/00003246-200205001-00020
  • TR Ministry of Health COVID-19 Guide. Published [04 June 2020]. Updated [17 September 2020]. https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/TR-66113/covid-19.html
  • Stafforini DM, Mclntyre TM, Prescott SM. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase from human plasma. Methods Enzymol. 1990;(187):344–57. DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(90)87041-Z
  • Yao XH, Li TY, He ZC, Ping YF, Liu HW, Yu SC, Mou HM, Wang LH, Zhang HR, Fu WJ, Luo T, Liu F, Guo QN, Chen C, Xiao HL, Lin S, Shi YPan GQ, Li QR, Huang X, Cui Y, Tang W, Pan PF, Huang XQ, Ding YQ, Bian XW. A pathological report of three COVID-19 cases by minimally invasive autopsies Case Report. 2020;49(5):411-417. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20200312-00193.
  • Terpos E, Ntanasis-Stathopoulos I, Elalamy I, Kastritis E, Sergentanis TN, Politou M, Psaltopoulou T, Gerotziafas G, Dimopoulos MA. Hematological findings and complications of COVID-19. Am J Hematol. 2020;95(7):834-847. DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25829.
  • Yang AP, Liu JP, Tao WQ, Li HM. The diagnostic and predictive role of NLR, d-NLR and PLR in COVID-19 patients. Int Immunopharmacol. 2020;(84):106504. DOI: 10.1016/10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106504.
  • Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, Wang B, Xiang H, Cheng Z, Xiong Y, Zhao Y, Li Y, Wang X, Peng Z. Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA 2020;323(11):1061-1069. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2020.1585
  • Qin C, Zhou L, Hu Z, Zhang S, Yang S, Tao Y, Xie C, Ma K, Shang K, Wang W, Tian DS. Dysregulation of immune response in patients with coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, China. Clin Infect Dis. 2020;(71):762-768. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa248
  • Norlander AE, Madhur MS, Harrison DG. The immunology of hypertension. J Exp Med. 2018;(215):21–33. DOI: 10.1084/jem.20171773
  • Henry B. COVID-19, ECMO, and lymphopenia: a word of caution. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(4):e24. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30119-3
  • Opal SM, Girard TD, Ely EW. The immunopathogenesis of sepsis in elderly patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;15(41):S504–12. DOI: 10.1086/432007
  • Frater JL, Zini G, d'Onofrio G, Rogers HJ. COVID-19 and the clinical hematology laboratory. Int J Lab Hematol. 2020;42(1):11-18. DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.13229.
  • Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, Zhang L, Fan G, Xu J, Gu X, Cheng Z, Yu T, Xia J, Wei Y, Wu We, Xie X, Yin W, Li H, Liu M, Xiao Y, Gao H, Guo L, Xie J, Wang G, Jiang R, Gao Z, Jin Q, Wang J, Cao B. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497–506. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5
  • Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu Y, Wei Y, Xia J, Yu T, Zhang X, Zhang L. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: A descriptive study. Lancet 2020;395(10223):507–513. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7
  • Fu J, Kong J, Wang W, Wu M, Yao L, Wang Z, Jin J, Wu D, Yu X. The clinical implication of dynamic neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and D-dimer in COVID-19: A retrospective study in Suzhou China. Thromb Res. 2020;(192):3-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2020.05.006
  • Sun S, Cai X, Wang H, He G, Lin Y, Lu B, Chen C, Pan Y, Hu X. Abnormalities of peripheral blood system in patients with COVID-19 in Wenzhou, China. Clin Chim Acta. 2020;507:174-180. DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.024
  • Chng WJ, Lai HC, Earnest A, Kuperan P. Haematological parameters in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Clin Lab Haematol. 2005;27(1):15-20. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2257.2004.00652.x
  • Camp JV, Jonsson CB. A role for neutrophils in viral respiratory disease. Front. Immunol. 2017;(12)8:550. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00550
  • Mehta P, Mcauley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ, HLH Across Speciality Collaboration, UK. COVID-19: Consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1033-1034. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0
  • Zarychanski R, Houston DS. Assessing thrombocytopenia in the intensive care unit: The past, present, and future. Hematol Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2017;(1):660–666. DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.660
  • Qu R, Ling Y, Zhang YHZ, Wei LY, Chen X, Li XM, Liu XY, Liu HM, Guo Z, Ren H, Wang Q. Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio is associated with prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease-19. J Med Virol. 2020; 92(9):1533-1541. DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25767
  • Levi M, van der Poll T. Coagulation and sepsis. Thrombosis Research 2017;(149):38-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.11.007
  • Tang N, Li D, Wang X, Sun Z. Abnormal coagulation parameters are associated with poor prognosis in patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. J Thromb Haemost. 2020;18(4):844–847. DOI: 10.1111/jth.14768
  • Junior JSM, Miggioilaro AS, Nagashima S, Vaz de Paula CB, Baena CP, Scharfstein J, Noronha L. Mast cell degranulation in alveolar septa and SARS‐COV‐2: A pathogenic pathway linking insterstitial edema to immunothrombosis. Front Immunol. 2020;18(11):574862. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574862
  • Marshall JS, Portales‐Cervantes L, Leong E. Mast cell responses to viruses and pathogen products. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(17):4241. DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174241
  • Theoharides TC. COVID‐19, pulmonary mast cells, cytokine storms, and beneficial actions of luteolin. Biofactors. 2020;46(3):306– 308. DOI: 10.1002/biof.1633.
  • Taş N, Bayrak T, Yağan Ö, Bayrak A, Noyan T. Evaluation of predictive effect of PAF-AH on the prognosis of intensive care unit patients. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry 2016;41(2):96-104. DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2016-0016
  • Claus RA, Russwurm S, Dohrn B, Bauer M, Lösche W. Plasma platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase activity in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med. 2005;33(6):1416–9. DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000165807.26485.ed
  • Grissom CK, Orme Jr JF, Richer LD, Mclntyre TM, Zimmerman GA, Elstad MR. Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase is increased in lung lavage fluid from patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(3) 770–5. DOI: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000053647.82608.29
  • Triggiani M, De Marino V, Sofia M, Faraone S, Ambrosio G, Carratu L, Marone G. Characterization of platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase in human bronchoalveolar lavage. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1997;156(1) 94–100. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm.156.1.9608084
  • E Benli E, Bayrak A, Çırakoğlu A, Bayrak T, Noyan T. Comparison of serum acetyl hydrolase (PAF-AH) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) values between prostate cancer patients and a control group. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2017;33(11):572-577. DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.06.016
  • Harris ES, Rondina MT, Schwertz H, Weyrich AS, Zimmerman GA. Pathogenesis of sepsis and sepsis-induced lung injury. Chol AMK, editors. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Choi, New York: 2009.p.51-53.
  • Demopoulos C, Antonopoulou S, Theoharides TC. COVID-19, microthromboses, inflammation, and platelet activating factor. Biofactors. 2020;46(6):927-933. DOI: 10.1002/biof.1696
  • Theoharides TC, Antonopoulou S, Demopoulos CA. Coronavirus 2019, Microthromboses, and Platelet Activating Factor. Clin Ther. 2020;42(10):1850–1852. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.08.006
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Primary Language English
Subjects Medical Biochemistry - Carbohydrates
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tülin Bayrak 0000-0002-3596-0488

Gülsen Şener 0000-0002-2006-2175

Emel Sağlam Gökmen 0000-0003-0444-586X

Ahmet Bayrak This is me 0000-0002-1243-2172

Publication Date September 11, 2023
Submission Date December 7, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Bayrak, T., Şener, G., Sağlam Gökmen, E., Bayrak, A. (2023). Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity : could it have a role on coagulation in covid-19 patients?. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 13(3), 503-510. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1033882
AMA Bayrak T, Şener G, Sağlam Gökmen E, Bayrak A. Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity : could it have a role on coagulation in covid-19 patients?. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. September 2023;13(3):503-510. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1033882
Chicago Bayrak, Tülin, Gülsen Şener, Emel Sağlam Gökmen, and Ahmet Bayrak. “Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) Activity : Could It Have a Role on Coagulation in Covid-19 Patients?”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13, no. 3 (September 2023): 503-10. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1033882.
EndNote Bayrak T, Şener G, Sağlam Gökmen E, Bayrak A (September 1, 2023) Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity : could it have a role on coagulation in covid-19 patients?. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13 3 503–510.
IEEE T. Bayrak, G. Şener, E. Sağlam Gökmen, and A. Bayrak, “Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity : could it have a role on coagulation in covid-19 patients?”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 503–510, 2023, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1033882.
ISNAD Bayrak, Tülin et al. “Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) Activity : Could It Have a Role on Coagulation in Covid-19 Patients?”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13/3 (September 2023), 503-510. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1033882.
JAMA Bayrak T, Şener G, Sağlam Gökmen E, Bayrak A. Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity : could it have a role on coagulation in covid-19 patients?. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13:503–510.
MLA Bayrak, Tülin et al. “Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) Activity : Could It Have a Role on Coagulation in Covid-19 Patients?”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 3, 2023, pp. 503-10, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1033882.
Vancouver Bayrak T, Şener G, Sağlam Gökmen E, Bayrak A. Platelet Activating Factor Acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) activity : could it have a role on coagulation in covid-19 patients?. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13(3):503-10.

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