The Epidemiology of Students Injuries in a Private Primary School in Turkey from 2012 to 2018

Year 2020, , 362 - 368, 30.12.2020

Ayşe Şengel Kamer Gür , Eda Kılınç

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.649682

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the occurrence frequency of school injuries, and to report where, when, and why they occur most.

Methods: This retrospective descriptive study includes students aged between 6 and 11 years and is composed of 7042 school injury records. The school was chosen by the purposive sampling method since there was a school nurse working at school. The school injury records were formed by all injury records kept by the school nurse. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics.

Results: The study results showed that most of the school injuries occurred during the fall period (60.1%) and at break times (38.6%). As for the causes of the injuries, 13.3% of them were environmental, while 86.7% were behavioral. The floor on where most of the injuries occurred was rubber floor (53.6%) and the area where most of the injuries occurred was playground-garden (64%). The factor most frequently causing the injuries was hit collision, and the activity causing most of the injuries was running. The most frequently affected part of the body was headneck-forehead-chin. The most common type of injury was tenderness and redness.

Conclusion: With this study, it is seen that the rate of injury among students is high. Most of the school injuries occurred during the break times and mealtimes. Most of the causes of injuries were behavioral. These epidemiological data would be a guide for studies on prevention of injuries.

Keywords

Wounds and injuries, epidemiology, schools, nursing

References

• 1. Gür K, Yıldız A. Development of Scales of Pupils’ Knowledge and Attitude Towards the Security Prevention Against School Accidents. Maltepe University Journal of Nursing Science and Art 2009; 2(1): 10-21.
• 2. Sethi D, Towner E, Vincenten J, Segui-Gomez M, Racioppi F. European Report on Child İnjury Prevention (serial online) 2008 (cited 2018 May 27). Available from:www.who.int/violence˙injury˙prevention/child/injury/world˙report/European˙report.pdf.
• 3. Gür K. Developing the Health of Children in School Period. Gözüm S, editor. Special Problems in School Health; School Accidents. Istanbul: Vize; 2016.p.399-410.
• 4. Akçay D, Yıldırımlar A. Investigation of parental behaviors of children in accident and security measures in school environment. Dokuz Eylul University Electronic Journal of Faculty of Nursing 2018; 11(1): 48-55.
• 5. Gevrek Akar S. Investigation of The Effects of Security Measures Taken in Primary Education Institutions on School Accidents. Istanbul Medipol University. Health Sciences Institute, Master Thesis. 2017.
• 6. Khan UR, Bhatti JA, Zia N, Farooq U. School-based injury outcomes in children from a low-income setting: results from the pilot injury surveillance in Rawalpindi city, Pakistan. BMC Research Notes 2013; 6: 86. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-6-86
• 7. Apostolico AA, Shendell DG. Injury surveillance and associations with socioeconomic status indicators among youth/young workers in New Jersey secondary schools. Environmental health 2016;15(1): 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12940-016-0118-z
• 8. Sun YH, Yu ITS, Wong TW, Zhang Y, Fan YP, Guo SQ. Unintentional injuries at school in China—patterns and risk factors. Accident Analysis & Prevention 2006; 38(1): 208-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2005.09.010
• 9. Yertutan C, Erkal S. Determine the situation of students’ having an accident in the school and the parents’ behaviors aimed at preventing them from having an accident in the school. Hacettepe University Sociological Research E-Journal (serial online) 2010 (cited 2019 Nov 1). Available from:http://www.sdergi.hacettepe.edu.tr/makaleler/sibelerkalcananyertutan.pdf
• 10. Eraslan R, Aycan S. The study of the freqency of the school accidents in the secondary school children. Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease 2008; 2: 8-18.
• 11. Forum on Child and Family Statistics. Adolescent Injury and Mortality (serial online) 2017 (cited 2018 Jan 24). Available from: https://www.childstats.gov/americaschildren/phys8.asp
• 12. Santoro K, Schoenman J. Preventing Adolescent Injury: The Role of Health Plans (serial online) 2018 (cited 2018 Nov 7). Available from: https://www.childrenssafetynetwork.org/resources/preventing-adolescent-injury-role-health-plans
• 13. Kılınç E, Gür K. Behaviours of adolescents towards safety measures at school and in traffic and their health beliefs for injuries. International Journal of Nursing Practice 2020; e12861. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijn.12861
• 14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Healthy youth! Unintentional injuries, violence and the health of young people (serial online) 2016 (cited 2017 Nov 11). Available from:http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/injury/facts.htm.
• 15. Kılınç E, Gür K. The Effect of Health Belief Model Based Initiatives in Preventing School Injuries. Journal of Health Science and Profession 2018; 5(3): 467-475. doi: 10.17681/hsp.362244.
• 16. Philbrook JK, Kiragu A, Geppert J, Graham P, Richardson L, Kriel R. Pediatric injury prevention: Methods of booster seat education. Pediatric Nursing 2009; 35(4): 215–220.
• 17. Kılınç E, Gür K. Turkish Validity and Reliability of Health Belief Model Based Injury Scale. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Nursing Sciences 2019; 11(1): 25-34. doi: 10.5336/nurses.2018-61147.
• 18. Cao ZJ, Chen Y, Wang SM. Health belief model based evaluation of school health education programme for injury prevention among high school students in the community context. BMC Public Health 2014; 14(26): 1-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-26
• 19. Gür K. Epidemiology of accident in the elementary schools of Istanbul and development of scales of children's knowledge and attitude towards the security prevention against school accidents. Marmara University. Health Sciences Institute, PhD Thesis. 2005.
• 20. Özakar Akça S, Yıldız S. Risk-taking behaviors in adolescents and approach to adolescent. Literature Symposium 2015; 6: 14-22.
• 21. Şengel A, Gür K. Unintentional injuries and school absenteeism in a private primary school: a 2-year retrospective study. 1th Public Health Nursing Congress; 2015 July 17-20; İzmir: Turkey; 2015. pp: 183.
• 22. Geller RJ, Rubin IL, Nodvin JT, Teague WG, Frumkin H. Safe and healthy school environments. Pediatric Clinics of North America 2007; 54(2): 351-373. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcl.2007.01.005
• 23. Arslan Muhacir ES, Yavuz Özalp A. Determination of quality and quantity for primary schoolyards in Artvin city center by using geographical information system. Artvin Coruh University Journal of Forestry Faculty (2011); 12(2): 172-184.
• 24. Samur AÖ, Kızıltepe Gİ. Investigation of children’s playgrounds in aydın province. Social Sciences Research Journal 2018; 7(1): 31-46.
• 25. Özkan, O. Incidence and outcomes of school‐based injuries during four academic years in Kocaeli, Turkey. Pediatrics international 2016; 58(8): 732-739. doi:10.1111/ped.12909
• 26. Ayaz S. Opinions of Elementary School Teachers Regarding School Health Nursing. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Nursing 2014; 1(2): 42-52.
• 27. Li L, Scherpbier R, Wu J, Zhu X, Zhang W, Zhang L. et al. Legislation coverage for child injury prevention in China. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2015; 93(3): 169-175. doi: 10.2471/BLT.14.139998
• 28. Wyman L. Comparing the number of ill or injured students who are released early from school by school nursing and nonnursing personnel. The Journal of School Nursing 2005; 21(6): 350-355. doi:10.1177/10598405050210060901
• 29. Official Gazette, Ministry of Health: Regulation on Amendment to the Nursing Regulation. Number: 27910 (cited 2019 Jan 13). Available from: Retrieved from: http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/04/20110419-5.htm
• 30. Zhang LL, Dalal K, Wang SM. Injury related risk behavior: a health belief model-based study of primary school students in a safe community in Shanghai. PLoS One 2013; 8(8). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070563
• 31. Rezapur-Shahkolai F, Ebrahimikhah M, Hazavehei SMM, Moghimbeigi A. Using health belief model on preventive behaviors related to road traffic injuries among primary school students. Journal of Research Health 2016. DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.jrh.7.4.908
• 32. Farhadi Z, Roshanaei G, Bashirian S, Rezapur-Shahkolai F. The effect of an educational program on school injury prevention in junior high school students of Famenin based on the health belief model. J Educ Community Health 2014; 1(3): 1-11. https://doi.org/10.20286/jech-010371
• 33. Kartal A, Kılınç E. School based training programs for preventing injuries: systematic review. ESTÜDAM Public Health Journal 2020; 5(1): 131-141. doi:10.35232/estudamhsd.646806