A Comparison of Actual Cardiovascular Disease Risks to the Perceptions of Middle-aged Men: A Cross-Sectional Study

Year 2022, , 607 - 617, 28.09.2022

İbrahim Topuz , Sebahat Gözüm

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.984039

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Objective: To determine the actual cardiovascular diseases risk and to compare it with the perceived risk in 40-65 years old men.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in a population determined to be 21.039 men and sample consisted of 400 men. The actual cardiovascular diseases risks of these respondents were calculated using HeartScore, classified as low, moderate, high, or very high. The respondents’ perception of their cardiovascular disease’s risks was categorized as wrong optimists/pessimists and realists. We used multivariate logistic regression models to determine the relationships between perceived cardiovascular diseases risk and independent variables (age, diabetes, hypertension, etc.). Required ethics committee and institutional permissions were obtained for the duly conduct of the study.

Results: It was determined in our study that while 8.3% (n=33) of the men had a high-risk level for cardiovascular disease, 52.5% (n=210) had a very high level. Forty-eight percent of the participants perceive their CVD risks to be lower than they are and 23.8% to perceive it higher than they are. Correct estimation rate of CVD risk was 28.2%. The variables affecting the actual cardiovascular diseases risk were diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, and level of physical activity. 13.3% (n=53) of respondents perceived their cardiovascular diseases risks as high and 8% (n=32) as very high. The variables affecting an incorrect perceived cardiovascular diseases risk are being 61-65 years of age (odds ratio=0.34, 95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.73) and a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (odds ratio=0.45, 95% confidence interval: 0.20-0.99).

Conclusion: We observed that more than half of the residents were at a very high level of risk for cardiovascular disease, and approximately one out of every two respondents perceived their risk of cardiovascular disease to be lower than the actual risk. It is recommended risk reducing behaviors be developed and awareness of risk be raised.

Keywords

Middle age, men, cardiovascular diseases, perceived risk.

Supporting Institution

The authors are grateful to the Scientific Research Foundation at Akdeniz University for their financial support.

Project Number

TYL-2018-3600

Thanks

This study was presented at the 12th European Public Health Conference in 2019 and was based on the master’s thesis of the first author under the supervision of the second author. We thank all individuals who participated in the study and the Scientific Research Foundation at Akdeniz University for their financial support (TYL-2018-3600).

40-65 Yaş Erkeklerin Gerçek ve Algıladıkları Kardiyovasküler Hastalık Risklerinin Karşılaştırılması: Bir Kesitsel Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: 40-65 yaş arası erkeklerin gerçek kardiyovasküler hastalık risklerini belirlemek ve algıladıkları riskleri ile karşılaştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Kesitsel türde olan bu çalışmanın örneklemini 400 erkek oluşturmuştur. Erkeklerin gerçek kardiyovasküler hastalık riskleri HeartScore ile hesaplanmış ve düşük, orta, yüksek ve çok yüksek düzey olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Erkeklerin algıladıkları KVH riskleri ise yanlış iyimser/kötümser ve gerçekçi şeklinde yanıtlarıyla sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada algılanan kardiyovasküler hastalık riski ve bağımsız değişkenler (yaş, diyabet, hipertansiyon gibi) arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek için çoklu lojistik regresyon analizi kullandık.
Bulgular: Erkeklerin %8.3 (n=33)’ünün yüksek ve %52.5 (n=210)’inin çok yüksek kardiyovasküler hastalık riskine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Gerçek kardiyovasküler hastalık risklerini etkileyen ana değişkenler; diyastolik kan basıncı, beden kütle indeksi ve fiziksel aktivite durumudur. Erkeklerin kardiyovasküler hastalıklara yönelik olarak algıladıkları KVH riskleri; %13.3 (n=53)’ünde yüksek riskli ve %8 (n=32)’inde çok yüksektir. Algılanan KVH risklerini etkileyen ana değişkenler; yaş (61-65 yaş, odds ratio=0.34, 95% güven aralığı: 0.16-0.73) ve diyabet varlığıdır (odds ratio=0.45, 95% güven aralığı: 0.20-0.99).
Sonuç: Erkeklerin yarısından fazlasının kardiyovasküler hastalık riski çok yüksektir ve yaklaşık olarak her iki erkekten biri kardiyovasküler hastalık riskini gerçeğe oranla daha düşük düzeyde algılamaktadır. Erkeklerin farkındalıklarının arttırılmasıyla, risk azaltıcı davranış geliştirmeleri sağlanabilir.

Keywords

Orta yaş, erkekler, kardiyovasküler hastalık, algılanan risk

Project Number

TYL-2018-3600

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