Signal transduction of zymosan and spleen tyrosine kinase

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 148 - 157, 15.12.2014

Demet Ünsal Meryem Temiz Bahar Tunçtan Seyhan Şahan Fırat

Abstract

Zymosan is a component produced by polysaccharide which is obtained from cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Zymosan consists of cross-linked polysaccharides such as 1,3-ß glucan, 1,6-ß glucan, and ?-mannan. Zymosan plays a role in inflammmatory diseases such as fungal sepsis, non-septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, acute peritonitis, irritable bowel syndrome and it is used in related experimental models. Toll-like receptor 2, dectin-1, mannose, and compleman receptors mediate zymosan’s effects on immune system cells such as monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) is a cytosolic, intracellular, 72-kDa protein tyrosine kinase. It is demonstrated that Syk is expressed in hematopoietic cells such as mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages, B cells, leukocytes, and platelets and in non-hematopoietic cells such as epithelial, fibroblast, neuronal cells, and vascular endothelial cells. Spleen tyrosine kinase is a critical kinase that mediates cellular responses through dectin-1 receptor by zymosan. In this review, the role of syk in is evaluated in the signal transduction of zymosan.

Keywords

Zymosan, Spleen tyrosine kinase, dectin-1, inflammation

Zimosan sinyal iletisi ve dalak tirozin kinazı

Abstract

Zimosan, Saccharomyces cerevisiae’nin hücre duvarından elde edilen, polisakkarit zincirlerinden oluşan bir bileşendir. Zimosan, başlıca 1,3-ß-glukan, 1,6-ß-glukan ve ?-mannan gibi çapraz bağlı polisakkaritlerden oluşmaktadır. Zimosan, fungal sepsis, septik olmayan şok, çoklu organ yetmezliği, akut peritonit, irritabl bağırsak sendromu gibi enflamatuvar hastalıkların patojenezinde rol oynamakta ve ilgili deneysel modellerde kullanılmaktadır. Zimosanın monosit, makrofaj ve dendritik hücreler gibi immün sistem hücrelerindeki etkilerine toll-like receptor 2, dektin-1, mannoz ve kompleman reseptörleri gibi çeşitli reseptörler aracılık etmektedir. Dalak tirozin kinazı (Dtk), 72 kDa ağırlığında reseptör ile kenetli olmayan bir intraselüler tirozin kinazdır. Dtk’nin, mast hücreleri, nötrofiller, makrofajlar ve trombositler gibi tüm hematopoetik hücrelerde ve fibroblastlar, epitel, sinir ve damar endotel hücreleri gibi hematopoetik olmayan hücrelerde eksprese edildiği gösterilmiştir. Dtk, zimosanın dektin-1 reseptörü aracılığıyla oluşturduğu hücresel yanıtlara aracılık eden önemli bir kinazdır. Bu derlemede, zimosan sinyal iletisinde Dtk’nin rolü değerlendirilmiştir.

Keywords

Zimosan, Dalak tirozin kinazı, dektin-1, enflamasyon

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