Importance of Vitamin D and Its Receptor in Sportsman Health and Athletic Performance

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 259 - 264, 29.12.2015

Canan Sercan Efe Yavuzsoy İpek Yuksel Rumeysa Can Sehkar Oktay Deniz Kırac Korkut Ulucan

https://doi.org/10.5455/musbed.20150831013319

Öz

Vitamin D is an important molecule which regulates many reactions in different tissues and organs, and also can be named as hormone. It can be synthesized either endogenously under UV light or exogenously by diet. Vitamin D is converted to its active form after being metabolised by liver and kidney, respectively. Blood 25-hydroxy vitamin D is the main metabolite that determines the individuals vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency may lead to many diseases like diabetes, various cancer types and cardiovascular problems. They affect the target organs by triggering their vitamin D receptors. Many studies were carried out regarding the polymorphisms on the receptor gene, and outlined the function of the gene. Studies on athletes in different sport types showed the importance of this vitamin for athletic performance. Studies including the vitamin D blood levels and polymorphisms on the encoding gene associated the athletic performance and vitamin D, and low vitamin D blood levels and sports injuries were came into prominence. Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1 and Apa1 are the main examined polymorphisms within the gene. In this review, we aimed to give brief information about vitamin D, and state the importance of vitamin D metabolism and its receptor in the terms of sportsmen health. Therefore, we hope that this review will help scientists to have a general information about vitamin D and athlete health and performance; also will guide for further studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Vitamin D, sport, athletic performance, sportsman health

Sporcu Sağlığı ve Atletik Performansta D Vitamini ve Reseptörünün Önemi

Öz

D vitamini doku ve organlarda birçok metabolizmayı düzenleyen, hor¬mon olarak da adlandırılabilen önemli bir moleküldür. Endojen olarak sentezlenebildiği gibi eksojen olarak da dışarıdan diyetle alınabilir. Sırası ile karaciğer ve böbrekte metabolize edilerek aktif formuna çevrilir. Kan 25- hidroksivitamin D düzeyi bireylerin D vitamini hakkında bilgi vermektedir. Eksikliği diyabet, bazı kanser türleri ve kardiyovasküler sistem bozuklukları olarak karşımıza çıkabilmektedir. D vitamini etkisini D vitamini reseptörleri üzerinden gösterir. Reseptörü kodlayan gen üze¬rinde bulunan polimorfizmler ile ilgili birçok çalışma gerçekleştirilmiş ve polimorfizmlerin karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Farklı spor türlerindeki sporcular üzerinde yapılan çalışmalar ile atletik performans için önemi ortaya konmuştur. Bu çalışmalar D vitamininin kan düzeyleri veya resep¬tör üzerindeki polimorfizmler ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve atletik performans ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Özellikle vitaminin kan düzeyleri düşük olan spor¬culardaki performans ve sporcu sakatlıkları ön plana çıkan çalışmalardır. Reseptör geni ile ilgili ise Fok1, Bsm1, Taq1 ve Apa1 polimorfizmleri ön plana çıkmıştır. Bu derlemede D vitamini metabolizması hakkında genel bilgi verilip, sporcu sağlığı için D vitamini metabolizmasının ve resep¬törünün önemi vurgulamıştır. Böylece sporcular ile yapılabilecek yeni çalışmalara zemin hazırlanması amaçlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

D vitamini, spor, atletik performans, sporcu sağlığı

Kaynakça

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