Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, Jones FK, Zheng Q, Meredith HR, Lessler J. The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application. Annals of internal medicine 2020.
World Health Organization. WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. Published (11 March 2020). https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/whodirector- general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefingon-covid-19
Huang L, Xu F, Liu H. Emotional responses and coping strategies of nurses and nursing college students during COVID-19 outbreak. MedRxiv. 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.05.20031898
Telli SG, Altun D. Coronavirüs ve çevrimiçi (online) eğitimin önlenemeyen yükselişi. Üniversite Araştırmaları Dergisi 2020;3(1):25-34.(Turkish) DOI: 10.32329/uad.711110
Karaöz S, Üstün B, Eroğlu K, Doğan S. The situation of nursing education in Turkey during the coronavirus 19 pandemic. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing 2022;19(1):56- 64. DOI: 10.5152/jern.2022.21181
Gunawardena CN, McIsaac MS. Distance education. In Handbook of research on educational communications and technology. Routledge; 2013: 361-401.
Culha I. Active learning methods used in nursing education. Journal of Pedagogical Research 2019;3(2):74-86. DOI:10.33902/JPR.201.925.4174
Lee BO, Liang HF, Chu TP, Hung CC. Effects of simulationbased learning on nursing student competences and
clinical performance. Nurse Education in Practice 2019;41(2019):102646. DOI:10.1016/j.nepr.2019.102646
Çayır A, Özkal F. The use of simulation in nursing education: The example of myocardial infarction. Research on Education and Psychology 2017;1(1):38-46.
Özkan İ, Taylan S, İlaslan E. The experiences of nursing students towards distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. International e-Journal of Educational Studies 2021;5(10):106-
117. DOI: 10.31458/iejes.942443
Thistlethwaite JE, Davies D, Ekeocha S, Kidd JM, MacDougall C, Matthews P, Purkiss J, Clay D. The effectiveness of case-based learning in health professional education. A BEME systematic review: BEME Guide No. 23. Medical teacher 2012;34(6):421-444. DOI:10.3109/0142159X.2012.680939
George LE, Locasto LW, Pyo KA, Cline TW. Effect of the dedicated education unit on nursing student self-efficacy: A guasi-experimental research study. Nurse Education in Practice 2017; 23: 48-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2017.02.007
El Seesy NA, Sofar SM, Al-Battawi JAI. Self-directed learning readiness among nursing students at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science 2017; 6: 14–24.
HUÇEP. Hemşirelik Ulusal Çekirdek Eğitim Programı, 2014. Retrieved:22.07.2020 (In Turkish).
Lee TW, Ko YK. Effects of self‐efficacy, affectivity and collective efficacy on nursing performance of hospital nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2010; 66(4):839-848.
Tyler S, Bourbon E, Cox S, Day N, Fineran C, Rexford D, Rinas J, Shutame K, Ward-Smith P. Clinical competency, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction: Perceptions of the staff nurse. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development 2012;28(1):32-35. DOI: 10.1097/NND.0b013e318240a703
Smith JS, Kirksey KM, Becker H, Brown A. Autonomy and self-efficacy as influencing factors in nurses’ behavioral intention to disinfect needleless intravenous systems. Journal of Infusion Nursing 2011; 34(3):193-200. DOI: 10.1097/NAN.0b013e31821478e7
Ançel G. Problem-solving training: Effects on the problemsolving skills and self-efficacy of nursing students. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 2016;64:231-246. DOI:
10.14689/ejer.2016.64.13
Kaya H. Hemşirelik eğitimi programlarında kuramsal eğitim sorunsalı. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing
2017;24(3):175-180. DOI:10.17672/fnhd.88235 (Turkish)
Bvumbwe T. Enhancing nursing education via academic–clinical partnership: An integrative review. International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2016;3(3):314-322. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijnss.2016.07.002
Koçdar S, Karadeniz A, Bozkurt A, Büyük K. Measuring self-regulation in self-paced open and distance learning environments. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 2018;19(1):24-43. DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v19i1.3255
Şahin N, Şahin NH, Heppner PP. Psychometric proporties of the problem solving inventory in a group of Turkish university students. Cognitive Therapy and Research 1993;4(17):379-396.
Facione P. California Critical Thinking Skills Test – College level. Technical Report 1. Experimental Validation and Content Validity. Millbrae: California Academic Press; 1990.
Kökdemir D. Eleştirel düşünme ve bilim eğitimi. PiVOLKA. 2003;2(4):3-5. Erişim adresi: http://www. elyadal. org/pivolka/04/PiVOLKA_04_01. pdf. (Turkish)
Weis D, Schank MJ. Development and psychometric evaluation of the nurses professional values scale-revised. Journal of Nursing Measurement 2009;17(3):221-231. DOI:
10.1891/1061-3749.17.3.221
Acaroğlu R. Reliability and validity of Turkish version of the nurses professional values scale-revised. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing 2014;22(2):8-16. https://dergipark.org.tr/
en/pub/fnjn/issue/30811/333281
Göz F, Geçkil E. Nursing students professional behaviors scale (NSPBS) validity and reliability. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2010;26(4):938-941.
Ng CF. The physical learning environment of online distance learners in higher education – A conceptual model. Frontiers in Psychology 2021;12:635117. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635117
Oğuz I, Tengilimoğlu D, Tekin PŞ, Tosun N, Zekioğlu A. Evaluation of students’ opinions regarding distance learning practices in Turkish universities during the Covid-19 pandemic. Turkish Academy of Sciences 2021;11(3): 607-616. DOI: 10.2399/yod.20.006000
Özveren H, Özden D, Gülnar E. Determination of nursing students’ perception states in nursing diagnosis. International Journal of Caring Sciences 2019;12(2):1049-1055.
Chan AW, Chair SY, Sit JW, Wong EM, Lee DT, Fung OW. Casebased web learning versus face-to-face learning: A mixedmethod study on university nursing students. The Journal of Nursing Research 2016;24(1):31-40. DOI: 10.1097/jnr.000.000.0000000104
Yoo MS, Park JH. Effect of case-based learning on the development of graduate nurses’ problem-solving ability. Nurse Education Today 2014;34(1):47-51. DOI: 10.1016/j. nedt.2013.02.014
Kantar LD, Massouh A. Case-based learning: What traditional curricula fail to teach. Nurse Education Today 2015;35(8):e8- e14. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.010
Kanbay Y, Okanlı A. The effect of critical thinking education on nursing students’ problem-solving skills. Contemporary Nurse 2017;53(3):313-321. DOI: 10.1080/10376.178.2017.1339567
Gholami M, Moghadam PK, Mohammadipoor F, Tarahi MJ, Sak M, Toulabi T, Pour AH. Comparing the effects of problembased learning and the traditional lecture method on critical thinking skills and metacognitive awareness in nursing students in a critical care nursing course. Nurse Education Today 2016;45(2016):16-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2016.06.007
Moyo M, Goodyear-Smith FA, Weller J, Robb G, Shulruf B. Healthcare practitioners’ personal and professional
values. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 2016;21(2):257- 286. DOI 10.1007/s10459.015.9626-9
Kim K, Han Y, Kim J. Korean nurses’ ethical dilemmas, professional values and professional quality of life. Nursing Ethics 2015;22(4):467-478. DOI: 10.1177/096.973.3014538892
Peixoto T, Peixoto N. Critical thinking of nursing students in clinical teaching: An integrative review. Revista de Enfermagem Referência 2017;13(2017):125-138. DOI:10.12707/RIV16029
Aluisio AR, Daniel P, Grock A, Freedman J, Singh A, Papanagnou D, Arquilla B. Case-based learning outperformed simulation exercises in disaster preparedness education among nursing
trainees in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 2016;31(5):516-523. DOI:10.1017/S1049023X16000789
Ludin SM. Does good critical thinking equal effective decisionmaking among critical care nurses? A cross-sectional survey. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 2018;44(2):1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2017.06.002
Orgun F, Karaoz B. Epistemological beliefs and the selfefficacy scale in nursing students. Nurse Education Today 2014;34(6):e37-e40. DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2013.11.007
Choi E, Lindquist R, Song Y. Effects of problem-based learning vs. traditional lecture on Korean nursing students’ critical thinking, problem-solving, and self-directed learning. Nurse Education Today 2014;34(1):52-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2013.02.012
Dirimeşe E, Dicle A. Hemşirelerin ve hemşirelik öğrencilerinin eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2012;15(2):89-98. (Turkish)
Siles-Gonzalez J, Solano-Ruiz C. Self-assessment, reflection on practice and critical thinking in nursing students. Nurse Education Today 2016;45(2016):132-137. DOI:10.1016/j. nedt.2016.07.005
Ward M, Knowlton MC, Laney CW. The flip side of traditional nursing education: A literature review. Nurse Education Practice 2018;29(2018):163-171. DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2018.01.003
Hong S, Yu P. Comparison of the effectiveness of two styles of case-based learning ımplemented in lectures for developing nursing students’ critical thinking ability: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2017;68(2017):16-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.12.008
Johnson CO, Petterson J, Rybing J, Nilsson H, Prytz E. Short simulation exercises to ımprove emergency department nurses’ self-efficacy for ınitial disaster management: Controlled before and after study. Nurse Education Today 2017;55(2017):20-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2017.04.020
Park S. Effects of an intensive clinical skills course on senior nursing students’ self-confidence and clinical competence: A quasi-experimental post-test study. Nurse Education Today 2018;61(2018):182-186. DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2017.11.028
Kaymak Z, Horzum MB. Relationship between online learning readiness and structure and interaction of online learning students. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice
2013;13(3):1792-1797. DOI: 10.12738/estp.2013.3.1580
Karataş K, Başbay M. Öz yönetimli öğrenmeye hazırbulunuşluk düzeyinin eleştirel düşünme eğilimi, genel öz yeterlik ve akademik başarı açısından yordanması. İlköğretim Online 2014;13(3):916-933. (Turkish).
Van Hooft SM, Becque YN, Dwarswaard J, Van Staa A, Bal R. Teaching self-management support in Dutch bachelor of nursing education: A mixed methods study of the curriculum. Nurse Education Today 2018;68(2018):146-152. DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2018.06.005
Priesack A, Alcock J. Well-being and self-efficacy in a sample of undergraduate nurse students: A small survey study. Nurse Education Today 2015;35(5):e16-e20. DOI: 10.1016/j. nedt.2015.01.022
Zhang ZJ, Zhang CL, Zhang XG, Liu XM, Zhang H, Wang J, Liu S. Relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and achievement motivation in student nurses. Chinese Nursing Research 2015;2(2-3):67-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.cnre.2015.06.001
Tekkol İA, Demirel M. Öğretmen adaylarının öz-yönetimli öğrenme becerilerine ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Curriculum and Instructional Studies 2017;6(12):151-168. (Turkish)
Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students
Year 2023,
Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 9 - 17, 28.03.2023
Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of online case-based education, as part of distance education, on nursing students’ professional values, professional behavior, problem-solving, critical-thinking skills, and self-directed learning skills.
Methods: The study was conducted using a single-group pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. A total of 58 3rd grade nursing students participated in this study The data before the study were collected electronically with the Google forms application using the personal information forms and scales (Self-Directed Learning Skills Scale, Problem Solving Inventory, California Critical Thinking Disposition Scale, Nurses Professional Values Scale, Nursing Students Professional Behaviors Scale).
Results: After online case-based nursing process teaching, the difference in the total mean score of the students in all scales was found to be statistically significant (p< 0.01). It was found that, after the training had been provided through case-based education, the score average of students’ professional values, professional behaviors, problem-solving, critical thinking skills and self-directed learning increased.
Conclusion: Use of online case-based teaching is useful for increasing nursing students’ nursing skills in distance education.
Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, Jones FK, Zheng Q, Meredith HR, Lessler J. The incubation period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) from publicly reported confirmed cases: estimation and application. Annals of internal medicine 2020.
World Health Organization. WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. Published (11 March 2020). https://www.who.int/dg/speeches/detail/whodirector- general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefingon-covid-19
Huang L, Xu F, Liu H. Emotional responses and coping strategies of nurses and nursing college students during COVID-19 outbreak. MedRxiv. 2020. DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.05.20031898
Telli SG, Altun D. Coronavirüs ve çevrimiçi (online) eğitimin önlenemeyen yükselişi. Üniversite Araştırmaları Dergisi 2020;3(1):25-34.(Turkish) DOI: 10.32329/uad.711110
Karaöz S, Üstün B, Eroğlu K, Doğan S. The situation of nursing education in Turkey during the coronavirus 19 pandemic. Journal of Education and Research in Nursing 2022;19(1):56- 64. DOI: 10.5152/jern.2022.21181
Gunawardena CN, McIsaac MS. Distance education. In Handbook of research on educational communications and technology. Routledge; 2013: 361-401.
Culha I. Active learning methods used in nursing education. Journal of Pedagogical Research 2019;3(2):74-86. DOI:10.33902/JPR.201.925.4174
Lee BO, Liang HF, Chu TP, Hung CC. Effects of simulationbased learning on nursing student competences and
clinical performance. Nurse Education in Practice 2019;41(2019):102646. DOI:10.1016/j.nepr.2019.102646
Çayır A, Özkal F. The use of simulation in nursing education: The example of myocardial infarction. Research on Education and Psychology 2017;1(1):38-46.
Özkan İ, Taylan S, İlaslan E. The experiences of nursing students towards distance education during the COVID-19 pandemic. International e-Journal of Educational Studies 2021;5(10):106-
117. DOI: 10.31458/iejes.942443
Thistlethwaite JE, Davies D, Ekeocha S, Kidd JM, MacDougall C, Matthews P, Purkiss J, Clay D. The effectiveness of case-based learning in health professional education. A BEME systematic review: BEME Guide No. 23. Medical teacher 2012;34(6):421-444. DOI:10.3109/0142159X.2012.680939
George LE, Locasto LW, Pyo KA, Cline TW. Effect of the dedicated education unit on nursing student self-efficacy: A guasi-experimental research study. Nurse Education in Practice 2017; 23: 48-53. DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2017.02.007
El Seesy NA, Sofar SM, Al-Battawi JAI. Self-directed learning readiness among nursing students at King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science 2017; 6: 14–24.
HUÇEP. Hemşirelik Ulusal Çekirdek Eğitim Programı, 2014. Retrieved:22.07.2020 (In Turkish).
Lee TW, Ko YK. Effects of self‐efficacy, affectivity and collective efficacy on nursing performance of hospital nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing 2010; 66(4):839-848.
Tyler S, Bourbon E, Cox S, Day N, Fineran C, Rexford D, Rinas J, Shutame K, Ward-Smith P. Clinical competency, self-efficacy, and job satisfaction: Perceptions of the staff nurse. Journal for Nurses in Professional Development 2012;28(1):32-35. DOI: 10.1097/NND.0b013e318240a703
Smith JS, Kirksey KM, Becker H, Brown A. Autonomy and self-efficacy as influencing factors in nurses’ behavioral intention to disinfect needleless intravenous systems. Journal of Infusion Nursing 2011; 34(3):193-200. DOI: 10.1097/NAN.0b013e31821478e7
Ançel G. Problem-solving training: Effects on the problemsolving skills and self-efficacy of nursing students. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research 2016;64:231-246. DOI:
10.14689/ejer.2016.64.13
Kaya H. Hemşirelik eğitimi programlarında kuramsal eğitim sorunsalı. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing
2017;24(3):175-180. DOI:10.17672/fnhd.88235 (Turkish)
Bvumbwe T. Enhancing nursing education via academic–clinical partnership: An integrative review. International Journal of Nursing Sciences 2016;3(3):314-322. DOI: 10.1016/j. ijnss.2016.07.002
Koçdar S, Karadeniz A, Bozkurt A, Büyük K. Measuring self-regulation in self-paced open and distance learning environments. International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 2018;19(1):24-43. DOI: 10.19173/irrodl.v19i1.3255
Şahin N, Şahin NH, Heppner PP. Psychometric proporties of the problem solving inventory in a group of Turkish university students. Cognitive Therapy and Research 1993;4(17):379-396.
Facione P. California Critical Thinking Skills Test – College level. Technical Report 1. Experimental Validation and Content Validity. Millbrae: California Academic Press; 1990.
Kökdemir D. Eleştirel düşünme ve bilim eğitimi. PiVOLKA. 2003;2(4):3-5. Erişim adresi: http://www. elyadal. org/pivolka/04/PiVOLKA_04_01. pdf. (Turkish)
Weis D, Schank MJ. Development and psychometric evaluation of the nurses professional values scale-revised. Journal of Nursing Measurement 2009;17(3):221-231. DOI:
10.1891/1061-3749.17.3.221
Acaroğlu R. Reliability and validity of Turkish version of the nurses professional values scale-revised. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing 2014;22(2):8-16. https://dergipark.org.tr/
en/pub/fnjn/issue/30811/333281
Göz F, Geçkil E. Nursing students professional behaviors scale (NSPBS) validity and reliability. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 2010;26(4):938-941.
Ng CF. The physical learning environment of online distance learners in higher education – A conceptual model. Frontiers in Psychology 2021;12:635117. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635117
Oğuz I, Tengilimoğlu D, Tekin PŞ, Tosun N, Zekioğlu A. Evaluation of students’ opinions regarding distance learning practices in Turkish universities during the Covid-19 pandemic. Turkish Academy of Sciences 2021;11(3): 607-616. DOI: 10.2399/yod.20.006000
Özveren H, Özden D, Gülnar E. Determination of nursing students’ perception states in nursing diagnosis. International Journal of Caring Sciences 2019;12(2):1049-1055.
Chan AW, Chair SY, Sit JW, Wong EM, Lee DT, Fung OW. Casebased web learning versus face-to-face learning: A mixedmethod study on university nursing students. The Journal of Nursing Research 2016;24(1):31-40. DOI: 10.1097/jnr.000.000.0000000104
Yoo MS, Park JH. Effect of case-based learning on the development of graduate nurses’ problem-solving ability. Nurse Education Today 2014;34(1):47-51. DOI: 10.1016/j. nedt.2013.02.014
Kantar LD, Massouh A. Case-based learning: What traditional curricula fail to teach. Nurse Education Today 2015;35(8):e8- e14. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2015.03.010
Kanbay Y, Okanlı A. The effect of critical thinking education on nursing students’ problem-solving skills. Contemporary Nurse 2017;53(3):313-321. DOI: 10.1080/10376.178.2017.1339567
Gholami M, Moghadam PK, Mohammadipoor F, Tarahi MJ, Sak M, Toulabi T, Pour AH. Comparing the effects of problembased learning and the traditional lecture method on critical thinking skills and metacognitive awareness in nursing students in a critical care nursing course. Nurse Education Today 2016;45(2016):16-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2016.06.007
Moyo M, Goodyear-Smith FA, Weller J, Robb G, Shulruf B. Healthcare practitioners’ personal and professional
values. Advances in Health Sciences Education, 2016;21(2):257- 286. DOI 10.1007/s10459.015.9626-9
Kim K, Han Y, Kim J. Korean nurses’ ethical dilemmas, professional values and professional quality of life. Nursing Ethics 2015;22(4):467-478. DOI: 10.1177/096.973.3014538892
Peixoto T, Peixoto N. Critical thinking of nursing students in clinical teaching: An integrative review. Revista de Enfermagem Referência 2017;13(2017):125-138. DOI:10.12707/RIV16029
Aluisio AR, Daniel P, Grock A, Freedman J, Singh A, Papanagnou D, Arquilla B. Case-based learning outperformed simulation exercises in disaster preparedness education among nursing
trainees in India: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 2016;31(5):516-523. DOI:10.1017/S1049023X16000789
Ludin SM. Does good critical thinking equal effective decisionmaking among critical care nurses? A cross-sectional survey. Intensive and Critical Care Nursing 2018;44(2):1-10. DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2017.06.002
Orgun F, Karaoz B. Epistemological beliefs and the selfefficacy scale in nursing students. Nurse Education Today 2014;34(6):e37-e40. DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2013.11.007
Choi E, Lindquist R, Song Y. Effects of problem-based learning vs. traditional lecture on Korean nursing students’ critical thinking, problem-solving, and self-directed learning. Nurse Education Today 2014;34(1):52-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2013.02.012
Dirimeşe E, Dicle A. Hemşirelerin ve hemşirelik öğrencilerinin eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Anadolu Hemşirelik ve Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 2012;15(2):89-98. (Turkish)
Siles-Gonzalez J, Solano-Ruiz C. Self-assessment, reflection on practice and critical thinking in nursing students. Nurse Education Today 2016;45(2016):132-137. DOI:10.1016/j. nedt.2016.07.005
Ward M, Knowlton MC, Laney CW. The flip side of traditional nursing education: A literature review. Nurse Education Practice 2018;29(2018):163-171. DOI: 10.1016/j.nepr.2018.01.003
Hong S, Yu P. Comparison of the effectiveness of two styles of case-based learning ımplemented in lectures for developing nursing students’ critical thinking ability: A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2017;68(2017):16-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.12.008
Johnson CO, Petterson J, Rybing J, Nilsson H, Prytz E. Short simulation exercises to ımprove emergency department nurses’ self-efficacy for ınitial disaster management: Controlled before and after study. Nurse Education Today 2017;55(2017):20-25. DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2017.04.020
Park S. Effects of an intensive clinical skills course on senior nursing students’ self-confidence and clinical competence: A quasi-experimental post-test study. Nurse Education Today 2018;61(2018):182-186. DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2017.11.028
Kaymak Z, Horzum MB. Relationship between online learning readiness and structure and interaction of online learning students. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice
2013;13(3):1792-1797. DOI: 10.12738/estp.2013.3.1580
Karataş K, Başbay M. Öz yönetimli öğrenmeye hazırbulunuşluk düzeyinin eleştirel düşünme eğilimi, genel öz yeterlik ve akademik başarı açısından yordanması. İlköğretim Online 2014;13(3):916-933. (Turkish).
Van Hooft SM, Becque YN, Dwarswaard J, Van Staa A, Bal R. Teaching self-management support in Dutch bachelor of nursing education: A mixed methods study of the curriculum. Nurse Education Today 2018;68(2018):146-152. DOI:10.1016/j.nedt.2018.06.005
Priesack A, Alcock J. Well-being and self-efficacy in a sample of undergraduate nurse students: A small survey study. Nurse Education Today 2015;35(5):e16-e20. DOI: 10.1016/j. nedt.2015.01.022
Zhang ZJ, Zhang CL, Zhang XG, Liu XM, Zhang H, Wang J, Liu S. Relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and achievement motivation in student nurses. Chinese Nursing Research 2015;2(2-3):67-70. DOI: 10.1016/j.cnre.2015.06.001
Tekkol İA, Demirel M. Öğretmen adaylarının öz-yönetimli öğrenme becerilerine ilişkin görüşlerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Curriculum and Instructional Studies 2017;6(12):151-168. (Turkish)
Evgin, D., & Sümen, A. (2023). Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 13(1), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.942370
AMA
Evgin D, Sümen A. Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. March 2023;13(1):9-17. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.942370
Chicago
Evgin, Derya, and Adem Sümen. “Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13, no. 1 (March 2023): 9-17. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.942370.
EndNote
Evgin D, Sümen A (March 1, 2023) Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13 1 9–17.
IEEE
D. Evgin and A. Sümen, “Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 9–17, 2023, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.942370.
ISNAD
Evgin, Derya - Sümen, Adem. “Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13/1 (March 2023), 9-17. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.942370.
JAMA
Evgin D, Sümen A. Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13:9–17.
MLA
Evgin, Derya and Adem Sümen. “Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023, pp. 9-17, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.942370.
Vancouver
Evgin D, Sümen A. Effect of Online Case-Based Teaching Method on Professional Development of Nursing Students. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13(1):9-17.