Research Article
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Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 362 - 367, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1575268

Abstract

References

  • Gheisari F, Emami M, Raeisi Shahraki H, Samipour S, Nematollahi P. The role of gender in the importance of risk factors for coronary artery disease. Cardiology Research and Practice 2020. Article ID 6527820. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6527820
  • Badır A. Evaluation of the heart and circulatory system. Karadakovan A, Eti Aslan F, editörler. Care in Internal and Surgical Diseases. Ankara: Academic bookstore; 2020.
  • Ralapanawa U, Sivakanesan R. Epidemiology and the magnitude of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome: A narrative review. J Epidemiol and Glob Hea. 2021;11(2):169-177. https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.201217.001
  • Buja LM. Coronary artery disease: Pathological anatomy and pathogenesis. Willerson J, Holmes Jr D. editörler. Coronary Artery Disease. Cardiovasc Med. Springer, London; 2015 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2828-1_1
  • Farsi Z, Sajadi SA, Eslami R. Effects of peer education and orientation tour on anxiety in patient candidates for coronary angiography. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2016;5(3):316-324. https://doi.org/10.17795/nmsjournal31624
  • Panahi Y, Ghahrodi MS, Jamshir M, Safarpour MA, Bianconi V, Pirro M, Farahani MM, Sahebkar A. PCSK9 and atherosclerosis burden in the coronary arteries of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Clin Biochem. 2019;74:12-18. https://doi.org/10.1016jclinbiochem201909001.
  • Shah NR, Pierce JD, Kikano EG, Rahnemai-Azar AA, Gilkeson RC, Gupta A. CT coronary angiography fractional flow reserve: new advances in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2021;50(6):925-936. https://doi.org/10.1067/j.cpradiol.2020.09.006.
  • Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Donna K, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR……. Turner MB. Heart disease and stroke statistics update a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;133(4):38-60. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001123
  • Tunç B, Karaca A. Knowledge level of patients undergoing coronary angiography. J Clin Med Kaz. 2025;22(1):49–56. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/15865
  • Boabathina H, Shi R, Singireddy S, Morris L, Abdulbaki A, Zabher H, Katikaneni P, Modi K. Reduction of vascular complication rates from femoral artery access in contemporary women undergoing cardiac catheterization. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2018;19(6):27-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carrev.2018.03.024
  • Shahpari M, Heidari S, Sadeghi T. The effects of a telephone-based orientation program, delivered during the waiting time, on anxiety in patients undergoing cag. ACORN. 2021;34(1):3-8. https://doi.org/10.26550/2209-1092.1102
  • Gao Y, Hu R, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Xu Y, Ma J. Perceived stress in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease: a crosssectional study. BMJ Open. 2022;12(3):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/ bmjopen-2021-051419
  • Sara JDS, Toya T, Ahmad A, Clark MM, Gilliam WP, Lerman LO. Mental stress and its effects on vascular health. Mayo Clin Proc. 2022;97(5):951-990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.02.004
  • Kuhail M, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S, Khadoura KJ. Association of perceived stress and physical activity level with severity of coronary artery disease in gaza Strip, Palestine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Korean J Fam Med. 2022;43(4):261–270. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.21.0125
  • Fioranelli M, Bottaccioli AG, Bottaccioli F, Bianchi M, Rovesti M, Roccia MG. Stress and inflammation in coronary artery disease: A review psychoneuro endocrine immunology-based. Front Immunol. 2018;6(9):20-31. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02031
  • Katsarou AL, Triposkiadis F, Panagiotakos D. Perceived stress and vascular disease: where are we now? Angiology. 2013;64:529–34.
  • Santos H, Santos M, Paula SB, Figueiredo M, Almeida I, Miranda H, Chin J, Sa C, Neto m, Almeida S, Sousa C, Almeida L. Acute coronary syndrome and stress: Is there a relationship? Rev Port Cardiol. 2023;42(1):9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repc.2021.09.016
  • Ji W, Sang C, Zhang X, Zhu K, Bo L. Personality preoperative anxiety and postoperative outcomes: A Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2022;19(19):12162.
  • Habibzadeh H, Milan ZD, Radfar M, Alilu L, Cund A. Effects of peer-facilitated, video-based and combined peer-and-video education on anxiety among patients undergoing coronary angiography: randomised controlled trial. Sultan Qaboos Univer Med J. 2018;18(1):61. https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2018.18.01.010
  • Tunç E, Güleç Keskin S. Determining the levels of perceived stress and anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography in accordance with their status of being informed about the procedure. J Radiol Nurs. 2020;39:331-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jradnu.2020.06.009
  • Mei L, Miao X. Chen H, Huang X. Zheng G. Effectiveness of chinese hand massage on anxiety among patients awaiting coronary angiography. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2015;32(2):196-203. https://doi.org/10.1097jcn.0000000000000309.
  • Molazem Z, Shahabfard Z, Askari A, Kalyani MN. Effects of a peer-led group education on fear, anxiety and depression levels of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Investig Educ Enferm. 2018;36(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v36n1e13.
  • Raiesdana N, Kamali E, Soleimani M. Assessment of situational and heart focused anxiety in patients with coronary artery disease before angiography. Koomesh. 2017;19(1):199-206.
  • Niu J, Shi X, Yang Y. The clinical effect of psychological nursing on patients undergoing coronary angiography based on gold nanoparticle contrast agents. J Nanosci and Nanotechnol. 2020;20(10):6577–6583. https://doi.org/10.1166jnn202018601.
  • Cohen J, Cohen P, West SG, Aiken LS. Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. 3rd Edition. New York: Routledge; 2013.
  • Cohen S, Kamarch T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24:385.
  • Eskin M, Harlak H, Demirkıran F, Dereboy Ç. The adaptation of the perceived stress scale into turkish: Areliability and validity analysis. New Symposium Journal. 2013;51(3): 132
  • Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL. Lushene RE. Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Polo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1970.
  • Öner N, Le Compte A. Discontinuous state trait anxiety inventory handbook. İstanbul: Boğaziçi University Press; 1983.
  • Yel P, Ünsar S. Quality of life and anxiety levels of patients with coronary angiography. Turk J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2020;11(24):7-15. https://doi.org/10.5543/khd.2020.65477
  • Moradi T, Adıb HM. State and trait anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Int J Hosp Res. 2015;4(3):123-28.
  • Moradipanah F, Moradipanah E, Mohammadil AZ. Effect of music on anxiety, stress, and depression levels in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Eas Mediterr Health J. 2009;15(3):639-647.
  • Ozdemir PG, Selvi Y, Boysan M, Ozdemir M, Akdağ S, Ozturk F. Relationships between coronary angiography mood anxiety and insomnia. Psychiatry Res. 2015;228(3):355–362. https://doi.org/10.1016j.psychres.2015.05.084.
  • Ho CM, Wu ZT, Wong YS. Use of non-pharmacological intervention to reduce anxiety during cardiac catheterization. The World of Critical Care Nursing. 2017;11(2):28-32.
  • Qin S, Gu Y, Song T. Effect of peer support on patient anxiety during the coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention perioperative period: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ Open. 2020;10(3):31-52. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031952.
  • Delewi R, Vlastra W, Rohling WJ, Wagenaar TC, Zwemstra M, Meesterman MG, Vis MM, Wykrzykowska JJ, Koch KT, de Winter RJ, Baan J Jr, Piek JJ, Sprangers MA, Henriques JP. Anxiety levels of patients undergoing coronary procedures in the catheterization laboratory. International Journal of Cardiology. 2017;22(8):926–930. https://doi.org/10.1016j.ijcard.2016.11.043.
  • Haddad NE, Saleh MN, Eshah NF. Cardiac catheterisation and patients' anxiety levels. British Journal of Cardiac Nursing. 2017;12(7):353-358. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2017.12.7.353

Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: 2, 362 - 367, 30.06.2025
https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1575268

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between perceived stress and anxiety levels in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG).
Methods: A descriptive-observational study design was conducted in a single center in Turkey with 190 patients.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 61.2±12.4, 68.4% were male, 64.2% were primary school graduates and 56.3% had angiography for the first time. It was found that having a family history of heart disease and receiving information for angiography affected stress status, while education level, income status, and access to intervention-oriented information from health professionals affected anxiety. It was found that there was a positive low and significant relationship between Perceived Stress level and trait anxiety levels, while there was no relationship between state anxiety levels.
Conclusions: Perceived stress and anxiety levels were found to be moderate in patients who underwent CAG. For this reason, health workers need to plan interventions to reduce the stress and anxiety in patients.

Ethical Statement

In order to conduct the research, the ethics committee approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of a University (Decision No: 2022/248). Informed consent was obtained from the patients included in the study. In all stages of the study, the STROBE checklist were followed.

References

  • Gheisari F, Emami M, Raeisi Shahraki H, Samipour S, Nematollahi P. The role of gender in the importance of risk factors for coronary artery disease. Cardiology Research and Practice 2020. Article ID 6527820. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6527820
  • Badır A. Evaluation of the heart and circulatory system. Karadakovan A, Eti Aslan F, editörler. Care in Internal and Surgical Diseases. Ankara: Academic bookstore; 2020.
  • Ralapanawa U, Sivakanesan R. Epidemiology and the magnitude of coronary artery disease and acute coronary syndrome: A narrative review. J Epidemiol and Glob Hea. 2021;11(2):169-177. https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.201217.001
  • Buja LM. Coronary artery disease: Pathological anatomy and pathogenesis. Willerson J, Holmes Jr D. editörler. Coronary Artery Disease. Cardiovasc Med. Springer, London; 2015 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2828-1_1
  • Farsi Z, Sajadi SA, Eslami R. Effects of peer education and orientation tour on anxiety in patient candidates for coronary angiography. Nurs Midwifery Stud. 2016;5(3):316-324. https://doi.org/10.17795/nmsjournal31624
  • Panahi Y, Ghahrodi MS, Jamshir M, Safarpour MA, Bianconi V, Pirro M, Farahani MM, Sahebkar A. PCSK9 and atherosclerosis burden in the coronary arteries of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Clin Biochem. 2019;74:12-18. https://doi.org/10.1016jclinbiochem201909001.
  • Shah NR, Pierce JD, Kikano EG, Rahnemai-Azar AA, Gilkeson RC, Gupta A. CT coronary angiography fractional flow reserve: new advances in the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2021;50(6):925-936. https://doi.org/10.1067/j.cpradiol.2020.09.006.
  • Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Donna K, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ, Cushman M, Das SR……. Turner MB. Heart disease and stroke statistics update a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2016;133(4):38-60. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIR.0000000000001123
  • Tunç B, Karaca A. Knowledge level of patients undergoing coronary angiography. J Clin Med Kaz. 2025;22(1):49–56. https://doi.org/10.23950/jcmk/15865
  • Boabathina H, Shi R, Singireddy S, Morris L, Abdulbaki A, Zabher H, Katikaneni P, Modi K. Reduction of vascular complication rates from femoral artery access in contemporary women undergoing cardiac catheterization. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2018;19(6):27-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carrev.2018.03.024
  • Shahpari M, Heidari S, Sadeghi T. The effects of a telephone-based orientation program, delivered during the waiting time, on anxiety in patients undergoing cag. ACORN. 2021;34(1):3-8. https://doi.org/10.26550/2209-1092.1102
  • Gao Y, Hu R, Zhang Y, Yuan M, Xu Y, Ma J. Perceived stress in Chinese patients with coronary heart disease: a crosssectional study. BMJ Open. 2022;12(3):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/ bmjopen-2021-051419
  • Sara JDS, Toya T, Ahmad A, Clark MM, Gilliam WP, Lerman LO. Mental stress and its effects on vascular health. Mayo Clin Proc. 2022;97(5):951-990. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2022.02.004
  • Kuhail M, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S, Khadoura KJ. Association of perceived stress and physical activity level with severity of coronary artery disease in gaza Strip, Palestine: A Cross-Sectional Study. Korean J Fam Med. 2022;43(4):261–270. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.21.0125
  • Fioranelli M, Bottaccioli AG, Bottaccioli F, Bianchi M, Rovesti M, Roccia MG. Stress and inflammation in coronary artery disease: A review psychoneuro endocrine immunology-based. Front Immunol. 2018;6(9):20-31. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2018.02031
  • Katsarou AL, Triposkiadis F, Panagiotakos D. Perceived stress and vascular disease: where are we now? Angiology. 2013;64:529–34.
  • Santos H, Santos M, Paula SB, Figueiredo M, Almeida I, Miranda H, Chin J, Sa C, Neto m, Almeida S, Sousa C, Almeida L. Acute coronary syndrome and stress: Is there a relationship? Rev Port Cardiol. 2023;42(1):9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.repc.2021.09.016
  • Ji W, Sang C, Zhang X, Zhu K, Bo L. Personality preoperative anxiety and postoperative outcomes: A Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2022;19(19):12162.
  • Habibzadeh H, Milan ZD, Radfar M, Alilu L, Cund A. Effects of peer-facilitated, video-based and combined peer-and-video education on anxiety among patients undergoing coronary angiography: randomised controlled trial. Sultan Qaboos Univer Med J. 2018;18(1):61. https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2018.18.01.010
  • Tunç E, Güleç Keskin S. Determining the levels of perceived stress and anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography in accordance with their status of being informed about the procedure. J Radiol Nurs. 2020;39:331-335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jradnu.2020.06.009
  • Mei L, Miao X. Chen H, Huang X. Zheng G. Effectiveness of chinese hand massage on anxiety among patients awaiting coronary angiography. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2015;32(2):196-203. https://doi.org/10.1097jcn.0000000000000309.
  • Molazem Z, Shahabfard Z, Askari A, Kalyani MN. Effects of a peer-led group education on fear, anxiety and depression levels of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Investig Educ Enferm. 2018;36(1):1-8. https://doi.org/10.17533/udea.iee.v36n1e13.
  • Raiesdana N, Kamali E, Soleimani M. Assessment of situational and heart focused anxiety in patients with coronary artery disease before angiography. Koomesh. 2017;19(1):199-206.
  • Niu J, Shi X, Yang Y. The clinical effect of psychological nursing on patients undergoing coronary angiography based on gold nanoparticle contrast agents. J Nanosci and Nanotechnol. 2020;20(10):6577–6583. https://doi.org/10.1166jnn202018601.
  • Cohen J, Cohen P, West SG, Aiken LS. Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. 3rd Edition. New York: Routledge; 2013.
  • Cohen S, Kamarch T, Mermelstein R. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24:385.
  • Eskin M, Harlak H, Demirkıran F, Dereboy Ç. The adaptation of the perceived stress scale into turkish: Areliability and validity analysis. New Symposium Journal. 2013;51(3): 132
  • Spielberger CD, Gorsuch RL. Lushene RE. Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory. Polo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press; 1970.
  • Öner N, Le Compte A. Discontinuous state trait anxiety inventory handbook. İstanbul: Boğaziçi University Press; 1983.
  • Yel P, Ünsar S. Quality of life and anxiety levels of patients with coronary angiography. Turk J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2020;11(24):7-15. https://doi.org/10.5543/khd.2020.65477
  • Moradi T, Adıb HM. State and trait anxiety in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Int J Hosp Res. 2015;4(3):123-28.
  • Moradipanah F, Moradipanah E, Mohammadil AZ. Effect of music on anxiety, stress, and depression levels in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Eas Mediterr Health J. 2009;15(3):639-647.
  • Ozdemir PG, Selvi Y, Boysan M, Ozdemir M, Akdağ S, Ozturk F. Relationships between coronary angiography mood anxiety and insomnia. Psychiatry Res. 2015;228(3):355–362. https://doi.org/10.1016j.psychres.2015.05.084.
  • Ho CM, Wu ZT, Wong YS. Use of non-pharmacological intervention to reduce anxiety during cardiac catheterization. The World of Critical Care Nursing. 2017;11(2):28-32.
  • Qin S, Gu Y, Song T. Effect of peer support on patient anxiety during the coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention perioperative period: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ Open. 2020;10(3):31-52. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031952.
  • Delewi R, Vlastra W, Rohling WJ, Wagenaar TC, Zwemstra M, Meesterman MG, Vis MM, Wykrzykowska JJ, Koch KT, de Winter RJ, Baan J Jr, Piek JJ, Sprangers MA, Henriques JP. Anxiety levels of patients undergoing coronary procedures in the catheterization laboratory. International Journal of Cardiology. 2017;22(8):926–930. https://doi.org/10.1016j.ijcard.2016.11.043.
  • Haddad NE, Saleh MN, Eshah NF. Cardiac catheterisation and patients' anxiety levels. British Journal of Cardiac Nursing. 2017;12(7):353-358. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjca.2017.12.7.353
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Cardiology, Exercise Physiology
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Assaire Mahamat Youssouf This is me 0000-0002-1124-1614

Selda Arslan 0000-0002-5668-3694

Early Pub Date June 27, 2025
Publication Date June 30, 2025
Submission Date October 28, 2024
Acceptance Date May 19, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 15 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mahamat Youssouf, A., & Arslan, S. (2025). Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 15(2), 362-367. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1575268
AMA Mahamat Youssouf A, Arslan S. Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. June 2025;15(2):362-367. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1575268
Chicago Mahamat Youssouf, Assaire, and Selda Arslan. “Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 15, no. 2 (June 2025): 362-67. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1575268.
EndNote Mahamat Youssouf A, Arslan S (June 1, 2025) Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 15 2 362–367.
IEEE A. Mahamat Youssouf and S. Arslan, “Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 362–367, 2025, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1575268.
ISNAD Mahamat Youssouf, Assaire - Arslan, Selda. “Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 15/2 (June2025), 362-367. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1575268.
JAMA Mahamat Youssouf A, Arslan S. Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2025;15:362–367.
MLA Mahamat Youssouf, Assaire and Selda Arslan. “Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 15, no. 2, 2025, pp. 362-7, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1575268.
Vancouver Mahamat Youssouf A, Arslan S. Relationship Between Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2025;15(2):362-7.

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