Dokuların ve organların hücresizleştirilmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 42 Sayı: 2, 192 - 197, 21.07.2020

Nevra Pelin Cesur Volkan Yalman Nelisa Laçin Türkoğlu

https://doi.org/10.7197/cmj.vi.609592

Öz

Hücresizleştirilmiş dokular ve organlar çeşitli doku mühendisliği ve rejeneratif tıp uygulamalarında başarıyla kullanılmıştır. Hücre dışı matristen elde edilen biyolojik bir iskele, tedavi edilecek dokuya ait hücreleri etkili bir şekilde uzaklaştıran çeşitli hücresizleştirme yöntemleri ile elde edilebilir. Hücresizleştirme yöntemleri, doku ve organların hedef yapısına göre değiştirilir. Bu yöntemler kimyasal, fiziksel, enzimatik ve süper kritik akışkan ekstraksiyonu (SFE) yöntemleri ile özetlenebilir. Bu yöntemlerin her biri, elde edilen hücre dışı matrisin (ESM) yapısındaki biyokimyasal bileşimini, dokunun yapısını (altyapı) ve mekanik davranışını etkiler. Bu makalede, en sık kullanılan hücresizleştirme yöntemleri üzerinde durulmuş ve bu yöntemler ile elde edilen biyolojik doku iskeleleri üzerindeki etkileri tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hücre dışı matris, desellulizasyon, süperkrik akışkan ekstraksiyonu (SFE)

Decellularization of tissues and organs

Öz

Decellularized tissues and organs have been successfully used in various tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications. A biological scaffold obtained from the extracellular matrix can be produced by a variety of decellularization methods that effectively remove cells from the tissue to be treated. Decellularization methods is changed according to the target structure of tissues and organs. These methods can be summarized with chemically, physically, enzymatically and using Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) ways. Each of these methods affects the biochemical composition in the structure of the remaining extracellular matrix (ECM), the structure of the tissue (ultrastructure), and the mechanical behavior. In this article, the most commonly used decellulization methods are introduced and their effects on biological tissue scaffold materials are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Extracellular matrix, Decellularization, Supercritical fluid extraction

Kaynakça

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