POLLEN MORPHOLOGY OF GYPSOPHILA LARICINA L. AND TAXONOMIC IMPORTANCE

Abstract

Pollen morphology of Gypsophila laricina L. were investigated using light microscopy (LM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Pollen morphology features this taxon was determined based on palynological studies. Pollen grains are spheroidal and periporate. The exine structure is intectate The exine sculpture is clavatemicroechinate ornamentation. The operculum exists in the form as a whole in this taxon. The exine consists of 2 parts; the upper part is the thick ectexine and the lower part is the thin endexine. The endexine is thin and continuous

Keywords

• Caryophyllaceae,Gypsophila,pollen morphology,LM,SEM,TEM

References

1. [1] A. Aksoy, E. Hamzaoglu, S. Kılıc, A new species of Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 158, (2008) 730-733.
2. [2] E. Ataslar, A. Ocak, Gypsophila osmangaziensis (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 42, (2005) 57-60.
3. [3] E. Ataslar, Gypsophila L. In: A. Guner, N. Ozhatay, T. Ekim, K. H. C. Baser (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press., 11, (2000) 49-50.
4. [4] E. Ataslar, I.P. Erkara, S. Tokur, Pollen morphology of some Gypsophila L.(Caryophyllaceae) species and its taxonomic value. Turkish Journal of Botany, 33(5), (2009) 335-351.
5. [5] Z. Aytac, H. Duman, Six new taxa (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 41, (2004) 213-221.
6. [6] Y. Bagci, A new species of Silene L. (Caryophyllaceae) from South Anatolia, Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 32, (2008) 109- 113.
7. [7] Y. Bagci, T. Uysal, K. Ertugrul, H. Demirelma, Silene kucukodukii sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae) from south Anatolia, Turkey. Nordic Journal of Botany, 25, (2007) 306-310.
8. [8] Y.I. Barkoudah, A Revision of Gypsophila, Bolanthus, Ankyropetalum and Phryna. Wentia, 9, (1962) 1-203.

9. [9] V. Bittrich, Caryophyllaceae. In: K. Kubitzki, J. G. Rohwer, V. Bittrich (eds), The families and genera of vascular plants, Flowering plants, Dicotyledons, Magnoliid, Hamamelid and Caryophyllid families. SpringerVerlag, Berlin, Germany, 2, (1993) 206-236.
10. [10] S. Chanda, On the pollen morphology of some Scandinavian Caryophyllaceae. Grana Palynologica, 3, (1962) 67-89.
11. [11] J. Charpin, R. Surinyach, A. W. Frankland, Atlas of European allergenic pollens. Sandoz Editions, Paris, (1974) 20-23.
12. [12] A. Cronquist, The evolution and classification of the flowering plants. Thomas Nelson Ltd. Edinburgh, London, (1968).
13. [13] P.H. Davis (ed.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2 (1967).
14. [14] P.H. Davis, R. R. Mill, K. Tan (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 10. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, (1988).
15. [15] İ. G. Deniz, O. D. Dusen, Silene sumbuliana (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Southwest Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 41, (2004) 293-296.
16. [16] A. Duran, Y. Menemen, A new species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from South Anatolia, Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 143, (2003) 109-113.
17. [17] G. Ecevit-Genc, A. Kandemir, İ. Genc, A new species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. Nordic Journal of Botany, 25, (2007) 58-63.
18. [18] G. Erdtman, The acetolysis method, a revised description. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift, 54, (1960) 561-564.
19. [19] G. Erdtman, Handbook of palynology morphology, taxonomy, ecology. An introduction to the study of pollen grains and spores. Hafner Pub., New York, (1969).
20. [20] K. Faegri, J. Iversen, Textbook of pollen analysis. ed. 3. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, (1975).
21. [21] A. Guner, N. Ozhatay, T. Ekim, K. H. C. Baser (eds.), Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 11. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, (2000).
22. [22] V.H. Heywood, Flowering plants of the world. Third edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, (1998).
23. [23] A. Huber-Morath, Gypsophila L. In: P.H. Davis (ed.). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Vol. 2: 149-171. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, (1967).
24. [24] A. Kandemir, G. Ecevit-Genc, I. Genc, Silene dumanii (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from East Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 46, (2009) 71-74.
25. [25] M. Korkmaz, H. Ozcelik, V. Ilhan, Türkiye’nin Bazı Gypsophila L. (Caryophyllaceae) taksonlarının habitat özellikleri, Biyoloji Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 5(2), (2012) 111-125.
26. [26] A. Kuprianova, Apertures of pollen grains and their evolution in Angiosperms. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology, 3, (1967) 73-80.
27. [27] Y. Menemen, E. Hamzaoglu, A new species of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) from Salt Lake, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 37, (2000) 285-287.
28. [28] P. D. Moore, J. A. Webb, M. E. Collinson, Pollen analysis. Oxford Blackwell Scientific Publications, London, (1991) 110-112.
29. [29] B. Mutlu, Saponaria bargyliana Gombault (Caryophyllaceae) : A new record from Turkey and analysis of its morphological characters with related species. Turkish Journal of Botany, 30, (2006) 63-70.
30. [30] K. Ozdamar, Paket programlar ile istatistiksel veri analizi. Kaan Kitabevi, Eskişehir, Türkiye, (2004).
31. [31] N. Ozhatay, S. Kultur, Check-List of additional taxa to the Supplement Flora of Turkey-III. Turkish Journal of Botany, 30, (2006) 281-316.
32. [32] S. Pehlivan, Pollen morphology of some Turkish endemic Centaurea. Grana, 34, (1995) 29-38.
33. [33] W. Punt, P. P. Hoen, The northwest European pollen flora, Caryophyllaceae. Review of Paleobotany and Palynology, (1995) 83-272.
34. [34] E.S. Reynolds, The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron opaque stain in electron microscopy. Stain Technology, 43(3), (1963) 139-144.
35. [35] J.J. Skvarla, Techniques of pollen and spore electron microscopy. I. staining, dehydration and embedding. Oklahoma Geology Notes, 26, (1966) 179-186.
36. [36] A.L.Takhtajan, Outline of the classification of flowering plants (Magnoliophyta). The Botanical Review, 46, (1980).
37. [37] O. Tugay, K. Ertugrul, A new species of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from East Anatolia, Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 156, (2008) 463-466.
38. [38] M. Van Campo, Pollen et Phylogenie. Pollen Spores, 8, (1966) 57-73.
39. [39] C. Vural, A new species of Dianthus (Caryophyllaceae) from Mount Erciyes, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 158, (2008) 55-61.
40. [40] M. Vural, A. Donmez, Two new taxa of Silene (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici, 39, (2002) 153-158.
41. [41] M. Vural, H. Duman, Z. Aytac, N. Adiguzel, Saponaria karapinarensis, Senecio salsuginea and Centaurea tuzgoluensis, three new species from Central Anatolia, Turkey. Belgian Journal of Botany, 139(2), (2006) 252- 260.
42. [42] J. W. Walker, Evolution of exine structure in the pollen of primitive Angiosperms. American Journal of Botany, 61, (1974) 891-902.
43. [43] J. W. Walker, Aperture evolution in the pollen of primitive Angiosperms. American Journal of Botany, 61, (1974) 1112-1137.
44. [44] R. P. Wodehouse, Pollen grains. Their structure, identification and significance in science and medicine. Hafner, New York, (1959).
45. [45] K. Yildiz, Pollen morphology of Caryophyllaceae species from Turkey. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 33(4), (2001) 329-355.